Facial infections

Frontoethmoidal encephalocele represents protrusion of meninges and brain in a sac through a defect in the anterior skull base, mostly as swelling over the nose. Rarely it is associated with facial dysmorphism and palatal cleft. There are various perioperative concerns like airway difficulties, leaking from the swelling causing fluid and electrolyte disturbances, risk of infection, compression of the swelling causing a rise in intracranial pressure, bleeding, hypothermia, etc., In neonates, these challenges rise exponentially because of the inherent difficulties in dealing with this group of patients...

Intracerebral granulomatous infectious encephalitis caused by Baboon Balamuthia amoeba is a rare form of infectious granulomatous amoebic encephalitis. There are very limited case reports of cured discharges. The authors report a 59-year-old male patient who met the diagnostic criteria for granulomatous infection caused by Baboon Balamuthia amoeba. After treatment, the patient's condition improved, and he was discharged from the hospital. The authors reviewed the data of this patient, analyzed relevant imaging information, and summarized our experience to enhance understanding of this condition...

Dear Editor, Ticks carry many diseases, bacteria, and viruses and represent a very important healthcare issue both in Croatia and globally. Although most ticks are not infected with pathogens dangerous to humans, some ticks can transmit infectious diseases with significant morbidity and mortality. This is caused by the increasing incidence of many tick-borne diseases over a growing geographical area. Many factors influence which species of ticks are present in a given geographical area, as well as the density of their population and the risk of human exposure to infected ticks...

INTRODUCTION: Noma, an overlooked infectious disease, inflicts severe facial tissue damage, posing substantial challenges in patient care. This study delves into surgical complications and subsequent revision surgeries among noma cases treated in Ethiopia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The research employed a cross-sectional retrospective review of medical records treated between 2007 and 2019 retrieved from the Facing Africa database. RESULTS: The review encompasses 235 noma cases...

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a remitting-relapsing systemic autoantibody and immune complex disease with a similar clinical presentation to that of malignancy and infection. The authors report a case of newly diagnosed SLE and lupus nephritis in a 48-year-old woman with constitutional symptoms and unintentional weight loss. Her presentation was further complicated by pericardial effusion and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) facial cellulitis and bacteremia. In the context of nonspecific symptoms and a wide initial differential diagnosis, the early consideration of rheumatologic etiologies and the involvement of consultant services led to appropriate diagnostic testing and a timely diagnosis...

Temporomandibular disorders are multi-factorial conditions affected by psychological, biomechanical, and neuromuscular factors. Stress and anxiety experienced during the pandemic are capable of influencing and aggravating temporomandibular disorders and orofacial pain. The study aimed to analyze whether the coronavirus infection can directly affect these diseases. All participants were asked to complete the Pain Screener and Patients Health Questionnaire and were assigned to Group I: healthy participants and Group 2: participants with existing complaints...

Facial transplantations have become a clinical reality as the last reconstructive option in severely disfigured patients. To date, clinical outcomes remain unclear. The purpose of this paper was to analyse the outcomes in facial transplantation (FT) and determine the risks and benefits of FT based on short- and long-term outcomes. An electronic literature search was performed across PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register for Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases to capture all the relevant records relating to outcomes in FTs from 2005 to 2021...

Objective: To analyze the clinicopathological features of salivary carcinoma with thymus-like differentiation(CASTLE). Methods: Cases diagnosed with salivary CASTLE from January 2020 to December 2023 were collected and selected from the Department of Oral Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. A total of 7 cases of salivary CASTLE were identified. All the cases originated from parotid. There were 3 males and 4 females. The patients' age range was 11-70 years...

SUMMARY: Nasal reconstruction in pediatric patient is very challenging and it requires consideration of later nasal development. Herein, we introduce an innovative preauricular free flap pedicled with retrograde vascular (PFFPRV) for pediatric nasal reconstruction. In this PFFPRV technique, the retrograde superficial temporal vessels were used as the flap pedicle. The lateral alar artery and angular vein were used as vessels of the nasal recipient zone. The flap vessels were anastomosed directly to the recipient area vessels without additional vessel transplantation...

BACKGROUND: To date, there are no studies investigating the safety and outcomes of facial feminization surgery (FFS) as an outpatient procedure. This is the first study of its kind analyzing the outcomes of ambulatory FFS based on a comparison of complications, post-operative emergency department or urgent care (ED/UC) visits, and readmissions between patients who underwent FFS with admission versus same-day surgery. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on all patients who underwent FFS in a single integrated healthcare system...

BACKGROUND: Galloway-Mowat syndrome (GAMOS) is a rare genetic disease characterized by early-onset nephrotic syndrome and microcephaly with central nervous system abnormalities. Pathogenic variants in genes encoding kinase, endopeptidase, and other proteins of small size (KEOPS) complex subunits cause GAMOS. The subunit TPRKB (TP53RK binding protein) has been reported in only two patients with GAMOS with homozygous missense variants. CLINICAL REPORT: Herein, we described a three-year-old male with GAMOS...

Topical ruxolitinib 1.5% cream (Opzelura® ), a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, is the first treatment to be approved in several countries for use in patients aged ≥ 12 years with non-segmental vitiligo. In the identical phase III TRuE-V1 and TRuE-V2 trials, significantly more ruxolitinib cream recipients were able to achieve statistically significant and clinically meaningful facial and total body repigmentation, as well as reductions in vitiligo noticeability, compared with vehicle recipients...

In outpatient settings, Mycobacterium chelonae complex infection brought on by cosmetic injections are rather uncommon. We came across a case of infection brought on by a commercial stem cell injection.

Introduction: Augmentation rhinoplasty traditionally represents a serious challenge for plastic surgeons. The association with centrofacial lipofilling is a great approach to achieve harmonious, aesthetic results. The aim of this article is to describe our personal association between Augmentation Rhinoplasty and Centrofacial Lipofilling (ARCL) in non-Caucasian patients. Materials and Methods: In this study, we retrospectively reviewed patients treated with ARCL at our institution between January 2019 and December 2023...

OBJECTIVE: This is a retrospective analysis of the major and minor complications of cochlear implants, as well as the Risk Factors (RF) involved. METHODS: We analyzed the medical records of patients submitted to cochlear implants at public University from 2006 to July 2019, and list here the major and minor complications found, and their risk factors. RESULTS: There were 193 ears, 100 (51.3%) from females and 93 (48.2%) from males, with a mean age of 23...

Brucellosis (undulant fever) is a zoonotic infection caused by Brucella species. It typically presents with fever, malaise, night sweats, and arthralgia. One of its rare complications is infective endocarditis, which occurs in approximately 1.3% of patients and can be further complicated by embolic stroke. This report describes a rare occurrence of Brucella endocarditis presenting as an embolic stroke. A 34-year-old male presented with sudden left-sided weakness and fever. He reported headaches, fever, and generalized weakness in the preceding week...

The most common reasons for emergency visits to a maxillofacial surgery department are infections and trauma to the mouth, jaw and face. Many infections of the facial area are of odontogenic origin. Furthermore, contaminated wounds or foreign bodies can also cause a facial infection such as an abscess. Therefore, in some cases, initial trauma and subsequent wound infection in the facial area are closely related. The following case report describes the rare cause of a temporal abscess caused by an infected key bit after bicycle accident two weeks after the initial trauma...

INTRODUCTION: Noma is a polymicrobial necrotizing infection of the mouth and face which destroys the soft and hard tissues of the oral and paraoral structures. Malnutrition, poverty, lack of basic hygiene, and chronic disease state etc., possess a risk of developing noma. Noma neonatorum is a progressive gangrenous disease affecting the premature infants. AIM: We present a rare case of noma in an 18 months toddler with a chronic debilitating condition predisposing to the disease progression...

UNLABELLED: Odontogenic space infections are common in dental practice, characterized by localized abscess formation with potential to spread to adjacent anatomical spaces. Neurogenic involvement in odontogenic infections is primarily found to be associated with sensory nerve branches, however involvement of motor nerves in odontogenic space infection leading to facial asymmetry has not been widely reported. In this case report, the authors present an unusual finding of facial asymmetry due to isolated marginal mandibular nerve weakness in a patient with a submandibular space infection...

BACKGROUND: The Alliance for the Global Elimination of Trachoma (GET) endorses the full SAFE strategy to eliminate trachoma; Surgery (for trichiasis), Antibiotics (to reduce the community pool of infection, Facial cleanliness, and Environmental improvement (to decrease transmission). There is no accepted measure of facial cleanliness. This study compared two possible metrics for facial cleanliness. METHOD/FINDINGS: Metric one: Clean face was defined as observed absence of ocular and nasal discharge on the face...