serpiginous choroiditis

Inflammation plays a key role in the induction of choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Inflammatory choroidal neovascularization (iCNV) is a severe but uncommon complication of both infectious and non-infectious uveitides. It is hypothesized that its pathogenesis is similar to that of wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and involves hypoxia as well as the release of vascular endothelial growth factor, stromal cell-derived factor 1-alpha, and other mediators. Inflammatory CNV develops when inflammation or infection directly involves the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-Bruch's membrane complex...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic value of QuantiFERON Gold (QFT-G) testing for ocular inflammation in a low prevalence tuberculosis (TB) area. DESIGN: Diagnostic utility analysis. METHODS: A review was performed for all uveitis patients who underwent QFT-G testing at the University of Colorado Eye Center from 2009-2022. Records were reviewed to assess QFT-G positivity rate and to identify which patients were tested for diagnostic purposes, defined as meeting the Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) criteria for tubercular uveitis (TBU): anterior uveitis with iris nodules, serpiginous-like choroiditis, choroidal nodule resembling a tuberculoma, multifocal choroiditis, or occlusive retinal vasculitis...

INTRODUCTION: Serpiginous choroiditis presents with large yellow-white exudative lesions that occur near the optic nerve papillae, that progresses slowly with repeated relapses and cures. Although infection and autoimmunity have been implicated, the cause is unknown. METHODS: A man was diagnosed with serpiginous choroiditis on clinical and other examinations. He started treatment with oral corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide, adalimumab, azathioprine, rituximab, and mycophenolate mofetil...

PURPOSE: To describe a complex case of ocular tuberculosis reactivation with anterior uveitis, choroiditis and inflammatory choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) following immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICPI) treatment of malignant mucosal melanoma. METHODS: A retrospective collection of medical history, clinical findings and multimodal imaging with literature review of the topic was conducted. RESULTS: A 52-year-old Romanian female developed reduced vision and photophobia after three cycles of ICPI therapy comprised of ipilimumab and nivolumab...

AIM: The aim of this study was to identify the incidence, etiology, most common presentations, complications, and the causes of visual loss in posterior uveitis (PU). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on a cohort of 125 patients with PU with a minimum follow-up of 6 months. Ocular evaluation consisted of slit-lamp examination, indirect ophthalmoscopy, tonometry, and refraction. Ancillary ophthalmic investigations such as fundus fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography, and B-scan ultrasonography were done...

PURPOSE: To report two cases of serpiginous choroiditis which were treated with sub-Tenon's triamcinolone in conjunction with systemic steroids to control acute and chronic disease progression. Increased success of disease remission has been postulated for sub-Tenon's triamcinolone therapy in conjunct with systemic steroids. METHODS: Retrospective chart review of two serpiginous choroiditis patients who presented at an eye center. Both patients received sub-Tenon's triamcinolone and systemic steroids...

BACKGROUND: Serpiginous-like choroiditis (SLC) denotes ocular tuberculosis (TB), in the presence of positive tuberculin skin test (TST) or interferon gamma release assay (IGRA). METHODS: Retrospective review of SLC patients from a TB-endemic country, with negative TST and IGRA tests, but responsive to anti-TB therapy. RESULTS: Fifteen patients (13 bilateral) with active SLC  were included.   Eleven (73.3%) patients had received corticosteroids ± immunosuppressive therapy prior to presentation...

PURPOSE: Posterior uveitis is a common chorioretinal pathology affecting all ages worldwide and is a frequent reason for referral to the retina clinic. The spectrum of etiologies for uveitis is very broad and includes infectious and auto-immune diseases. Inflammation can be confined to the eye or may be a part of systemic disease. A useful outline is therefore proposed to aid in the correct diagnosis of these challenging entities. The situation is further complicated by the fact that many neoplastic conditions resemble features of posterior uveitis; they are known as "masqueraders of uveitis"...

In the present study, 110 eyes of 81 patients with uveitis who underwent intravitreal dexamethasone implant (IDI) injection and had a follow-up of at least 6 months between January, 2012 and September, 2022, were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 298 IDI injections were administered (mean, 2.71±2.37; range, 1-12). The mean age of the patients was 49.44±16.67 years (range, 15-86 years). The mean follow-up time after the first IDI was 34.31±26.53 months (range, 6-115 months). In total, 77 (95...

Our purpose is to describe blue-light fundus autofluorescence (BAF) features of inflammatory diseases of the outer retina characterised by photoreceptor damage. BAF from patients diagnosed with secondary and primary inflammatory photoreceptor damage were retrospectively analyzed and compared to other imaging modalities including fluorescein angiography (FA), indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS), idiopathic multifocal choroiditis (MFC), acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE), serpiginous choroiditis (SC), and acute syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinitis (ASPPC), all cases corresponding to secondary photoreceptor diseases caused by inflammatory choriocapillaris nonperfusion, were included and compared to primary photoreceptor disease entities, including acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR) and cancer-associated retinopathy (CAR)...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Acute Posterior Multifocal Placoid Pigment Epitheliopathy (APMPPE) and serpiginous choroiditis are two diseases classified as "white spot syndromes." Both are inflammatory/autoimmune diseases with suspected primary involvement of the choriocapillaris. The former usually has an excellent prognosis, while the latter can rapidly induce legal blindness. Whereas these diseases are well defined and well known, other entities (such as persistent placoid maculopathy or ampiginous choroiditis) with features of both APMPPE and serpiginous choroiditis have been described more recently...

INTRODUCTION: Relentless placoid chorioretinitis (RPC) is a rare, bilateral disease of the retinal pigment epithelium. The clinical course is prolonged and relapsing. No standard treatment has been established to date. The purpose of this case series is to report four cases of RPC in pediatric and young adult patients in which varying treatments were used, comparing them to previously published cases. METHODS: A literature review was conducted to investigate currently published presentations and treatment options for RPC...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

PURPOSE: To describe an alternative treatment for a patient with serpiginous choroiditis (SC) who was not tolerant to systemic therapies. METHODS: Case report of a patient with serpiginous choroiditis with their clinical course followed with ophthalmic examinations and multimodal imaging overtime. Patients and Results . A 57-year-old female with serpiginous choroiditis was treated for seven years with numerous therapies including systemic steroids, immunosuppressive agents, and repeated dexamethasone intravitreal implants...

PURPOSE: To determine the correlation of angiogenic growth factors and inflammatory cytokines with the clinical phenotype of ocular tuberculosis (OTB). METHODS: Vitreous fluid was analysed for cytokines in patients with OTB and non-OTB uveitis using multiplex fluorescent bead-based flow cytometric assay. The clinical phenotypes were recorded and correlated with vitreous biomarkers. RESULTS: Vitreous humour from OTB patients had elevated levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-17-A, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)...

Tubercular association with serpiginous choroiditis, also called 'serpiginous-like choroiditis' or 'multifocal serpiginoid choroiditis' (MSC) is reported from world over, especially from endemic countries. Though the exact mechanism is not yet clear, a direct or indirect infectious trigger by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is believed to cause choroiditis.The link of immune mechanisms with ocular inflammation caused by MTB is emerging, and has been supported by both experimental and human data. The molecular and histopathological findings of tubercular serpiginous-like choroiditis have been demonstrated in clinicopathological reports, as well as in animal models...

PURPOSE: The aim is to analyze automated quantification of choriocapillaris flow deficit (CCFD) on swept-source (SS)-optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in tubercular serpiginous-like choroiditis (TBSLC). METHODS: In this prospective study, automated CCFD calculations were performed on SS-OCTA and compared with CCFD areas on indocyanine green angiography (ICGA). Patients were divided into two groups based on the occurrence of paradoxical worsening (PW)...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the long-term outcomes of manual small-incision cataract surgery (MSICS) in eyes with uveitis. METHODS: Patients who underwent MSICS for uveitic cataract from 2009 to 2019 were retrospectively evaluated. Visually significant cataract and presence of less than five cells per high-power field in the anterior chamber for a minimum of 3 months were the prerequisites for surgery. Patients with follow-up less than 9 months were excluded. RESULTS: After exclusion, 283 eyes of 264 patients were evaluated...

PURPOSE: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) has been applied to uveitis and intraocular inflammation since its availability after 2014. The imaging of retinal and choroidal vascularization without the use of dyes was a major development and represented a potentially valuable tool in ocular research. In addition to such use, OCT-A is often put forward as being able to potentially replace invasive methods needing dye injection, such as fluorescein angiography (FA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA)...