keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536869/study-protocol-identifying-transcriptional-regulatory-alterations-of-chronic-effects-of-blast-and-disturbed-sleep-in-united-states-veterans
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Molly J Sullan, Kelly A Stearns-Yoder, Zhaoyu Wang, Andrew J Hoisington, Adam D Bramoweth, Walter Carr, Yongchao Ge, Hanga Galfalvy, Fatemah Haghighi, Lisa A Brenner
Injury related to blast exposure dramatically rose during post-911 era military conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is among the most common injuries following blast, an exposure that may not result in a definitive physiologic marker (e.g., loss of consciousness). Recent research suggests that exposure to low level blasts and, more specifically repetitive blast exposure (RBE), which may be subconcussive in nature, may also impact long term physiologic and psychological outcomes, though findings have been mixed...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536867/evaluating-spatially-enabled-machine-learning-approaches-to-depth-to-bedrock-mapping-alberta-canada
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Steven M Pawley, Lisa Atkinson, Daniel J Utting, Gregory M D Hartman, Nigel Atkinson
Maps showing the thickness of sediments above the bedrock (depth to bedrock, or DTB) are important for many geoscience studies and are necessary for many hydrogeological, engineering, mining, and forestry applications. However, it can be difficult to accurately estimate DTB in areas with varied topography, like lowland and mountainous terrain, because traditional methods of predicting bedrock elevation often underestimate or overestimate the elevation in rugged or incised terrain. Here, we describe a machine learning spatial prediction approach that uses information from traditional digital elevation model derived estimates of terrain morphometry and satellite imagery, augmented with spatial feature engineering techniques to predict DTB across Alberta, Canada...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536863/reinfection-of-farm-dogs-following-praziquantel-treatment-in-an-endemic-region-of-cystic-echinococcosis-in-southeastern-iran
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mehdi Borhani, Mohammad Ali Mohammadi, Mahbod Entezami, Mohammad Reza Baneshi, Saeid Nasibi, Joaquin M Prada, Majid Fasihi Harandi
Cystic Echinococcosis (CE) as a prevalent tapeworm infection of human and herbivorous animals worldwide, is caused by accidental ingestion of Echinococcus granulosus eggs excreted from infected dogs. CE is endemic in the Middle East and North Africa, and is considered as an important parasitic zoonosis in Iran. It is transmitted between dogs as the primary definitive host and different livestock species as the intermediate hosts. One of the most important measures for CE control is dog deworming with praziquantel...
March 27, 2024: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536858/dynamics-of-leaching-of-pops-and-additives-from-plastic-in-a-procellariiform-gastric-model-diet-and-polymer-dependent-effects-and-implications-for-long-term-exposure
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Liesbeth Van Hassel, Georges Scholl, Gauthier Eppe, Claude Poleunisc, Christine Dupont-Gillain, Myra Finkelstein, Cathy Debier
Procellariiform seabirds are known to have high rates of plastic ingestion. We investigated the bioaccessibility of plastic-associated chemicals [plastic additives and sorbed persistent organic pollutants (POPs)] leached from plastic over time using an in vitro Procellariiform gastric model. High-density polyethylene (HDPE) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), commonly ingested by Procellariiform seabirds, were manufactured with one additive [decabrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE-209) or bisphenol S (BPS)]. HDPE and PVC added with PBDE-209 were additionally incubated in salt water with 2,4,4'-trichloro-1,1'-biphenyl (PCB-28) and 2,2',3,4,4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB-138) to simulate sorption of POPs on plastic in the marine environment...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536831/can-cyclone-exposure-explain-behavioural-and-demographic-variation-among-lemur-species
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alison M Behie, Travis S Steffens, Keaghan Yaxley, Alan Vincent, Patricia C Wright, Steig E Johnson, Mary S M Pavelka
Madagascar has a harsh and stochastic climate because of regular natural disturbances. This history of regular cyclones has been hypothesised to have directed evolutionary changes to lemur behaviour and morphology that make them more resilient to sudden environmental change. These adaptations may include: small group sizes, high degrees of energy-conserving behaviours, generalist habitat use, small home ranges, small body size, and a limited number of frugivorous species. To date, however, no one has tested how variation in cyclone exposure across Madagascar is associated with variation in these resilience traits...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536797/the-great-urban-shift-climate-change-is-predicted-to-drive-mass-species-turnover-in-cities
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alessandro Filazzola, Marc T J Johnson, Kimberly Barrett, Sue Hayes, Namrata Shrestha, Laura Timms, James Scott MacIvor
Human experiences with nature are important for our culture, economy, and health. Anthropogenically-driven climate change is causing widespread shifts in biodiversity and resident urban wildlife are no exception. We modelled over 2,000 animal species to predict how climate change will impact terrestrial wildlife within 60 Canadian and American cities. We found evidence of an impending great urban shift where thousands of species will disappear across the selected cities, being replaced by new species, or not replaced at all...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536749/we-need-a-solid-scientific-basis-for-nature-based-climate-solutions-in-the-united-states
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kimberly A Novick, Trevor F Keenan, William R L Anderegg, Caroline P Normile, Benjamin R K Runkle, Emily E Oldfield, Gyami Shrestha, Dennis D Baldocchi, Margaret E K Evans, James T Randerson, Jonathan Sanderman, Margaret S Torn, Anna T Trugman, Christopher A Williams
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
April 2, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536744/needs-for-a-conceptual-bridge-between-biological-domestication-and-early-food-globalization
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xinyi Liu, Martin Jones
The past 15 y has seen much development in documentation of domestication of plants and animals as gradual traditions spanning millennia. There has also been considerable momentum in understanding the dispersals of major domesticated taxa across continents spanning thousands of miles. The two processes are often considered within different theoretical strains. What is missing from our repertoire of explanations is a conceptual bridge between the protracted process over millennia and the multiregional, globally dispersed nature of domestication...
April 16, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536740/erratum-to-automated-measures-of-syntactic-complexity-in-natural-speech-production-older-and-younger-adults-as-a-case-study
#29
(no author information available yet)
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 27, 2024: Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research: JSLHR
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536735/solvent-induced-dual-nucleophiles-and-the-%C3%AE-effect-in-the-s-n-2-versus-e2-competition
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiangyu Wu, F Matthias Bickelhaupt, Jing Xie
We have quantum chemically investigated how microsolvation affects the various E2 and SN 2 pathways, their mutual competition, and the α-effect of the model reaction system HOO- (H2 O) n + CH3 CH2 Cl, at the CCSD(T) level. Interestingly, we identify the dual nature of the α-nucleophile HOO- which, upon solvation, is in equilibrium with HO- . This solvent-induced dual appearance gives rise to a rich network of competing reaction channels. Among both nucleophiles, SN 2 is always favored over E2, and this preference increases upon increasing microsolvation...
March 27, 2024: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics: PCCP
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536728/bis-aluminyl-magnesium-a-source-of-nucleophilic-or-radical-aluminium-centred-reactivity
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Liam Griffin, Mathias Ellwanger, Jonathon Clark, William Myers, Aisling Roper, Andreas Heilmann, Simon Aldridge
The homoleptic magnesium bis(aluminyl) compound Mg[Al(NON)]2 (NON = 4,5-bis(2,6-diisopropylanilido)-2,7-di-tert-butyl -9,9-dimethylxanthene) can be accessed from K2[Al(NON)]2 and MgI2 and shown to possess a non-linear geometry (ÐAl-Mg-Al = 164.8(1)°) primarily due to the influence of dispersion interactions. This compound acts a four-electron reservoir in the reductive de-fluorination of SF6, and reacts thermally with polar substrates such as MeI via nucleophilic attack through aluminium, consistent with the QT-AIM charges calculated for the metal centres, and a formal description as a Al(I)-Mg(II)-Al(I) trimetallic...
March 27, 2024: Angewandte Chemie
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536702/immune-interface-interference-vaccines-an-evolution-informed-approach-to-anti-bacterial-vaccine-design
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicholas J Croucher
Developing protein-based vaccines against bacteria has proved much more challenging than producing similar immunisations against viruses. Currently, anti-bacterial vaccines are designed using methods based on reverse vaccinology. These identify broadly conserved, immunogenic proteins using a combination of genomic and high-throughput laboratory data. While this approach has successfully generated multiple rationally designed formulations that show promising immunogenicity in animal models, few have been licensed...
March 2024: Microbial Biotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536695/generalizable-and-discriminative-representations-for-adversarially-robust-few-shot-learning
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Junhao Dong, Yuan Wang, Xiaohua Xie, Jianhuang Lai, Yew-Soon Ong
Few-shot image classification (FSIC) is beneficial for a variety of real-world scenarios, aiming to construct a recognition system with limited training data. In this article, we extend the original FSIC task by incorporating defense against malicious adversarial examples. This can be an arduous challenge because numerous deep learning-based approaches remain susceptible to adversarial examples, even when trained with ample amounts of data. Previous studies on this problem have predominantly concentrated on the meta-learning framework, which involves sampling numerous few-shot tasks during the training stage...
March 27, 2024: IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536662/natural-killer-group%C3%A2-2d-major-histocompatibility-complex-class%C3%A2-i-polypeptide-related-sequence%C3%A2-a-activation-enhances-natural-killer-cell-mediated-immunity-against-hepatocellular-carcinoma-a-review
#34
REVIEW
Jun Arai, Akinori Okumura, Naoya Kato, Kiyoaki Ito
The recent clinical introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors has improved therapeutic outcomes in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. However, these therapies targeting CD8+ T lymphocytes have a response rate of approximately 30%. In addition to CD8+ T lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells represent promising therapeutic targets for hepatocellular carcinoma, because they comprise 30%-50% of all lymphocytes in the liver and contribute to antitumor immunity. A recent meta-analysis revealed that the percentage of infiltrating NK cells in hepatocellular carcinoma correlates with a better patient outcome...
March 27, 2024: Hepatology Research: the Official Journal of the Japan Society of Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536596/pathologic-maternal-and-neonatal-outcomes-associated-with-programmed-embryo-transfer-potential-etiologies-and-strategies-for-prevention
#35
REVIEW
Kirk P Conrad, Frauke von Versen-Höynck, Valerie L Baker
PURPOSE: In the first of two companion papers, we comprehensively reviewed the recent evidence in the primary literature, which addressed the increased prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, late-onset or term preeclampsia, fetal overgrowth, postterm birth, and placenta accreta in women conceiving by in vitro fertilization. The preponderance of evidence implicated frozen embryo transfer cycles and, specifically, those employing programmed endometrial preparations, in the higher risk for these adverse maternal and neonatal pregnancy outcomes...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536594/pathologic-maternal-and-neonatal-outcomes-associated-with-programmed-embryo-transfer
#36
REVIEW
Kirk P Conrad, Frauke von Versen-Höynck, Valerie L Baker
PURPOSE: In this first of two companion papers, we critically review the evidence recently published in the primary literature, which addresses adverse maternal and neonatal pregnancy outcomes associated with programmed embryo transfer cycles. We next consider whether these pathological pregnancy outcomes might be attributable to traditional risk factors, unknown parental factors, embryo culture, culture duration, or cryopreservation. Finally, in the second companion article, we explore potential etiologies and suggest strategies for prevention...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536581/diagnostic-performance-of-ultrasound-in-the-assessment-of-gastric-contents-a-meta-analysis-and-systematic-review
#37
REVIEW
Xuanyuan Pan, Jun Chai, Xin Gao, Si Li, Jie Liu, Linxing Li, Yanjing Li, Zhichao Li
OBJECTIVE: To systematically analyze the accuracy of ultrasonic techniques in assessing the nature of gastric contents and their volume. METHODS: English-language articles that used ultrasonic techniques to assess the nature of gastric contents and their volume in patients were selected. In eligible studies, data were recalculated and analyzed for forest plots and subject summary curves of operating characteristics (SROC). Study quality was assessed using the diagnostic accuracy study quality assessment tool QUADAS-2...
March 27, 2024: Insights Into Imaging
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536562/exome-sequencing-identified-mutations-in-the-wnt1-and-col1a2-genes-in-osteogenesis-imperfecta-cases
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Poonam Mehta, Rahul Vishvkarma, Sushil Gupta, Naibedya Chattopadhyay, Singh Rajender
BACKGROUND: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heritable connective tissue disorder characterized by bone deformities, fractures and reduced bone mass. OI can be inherited as a dominant, recessive, or X-linked disorder. The mutational spectrum has shown that autosomal dominant mutations in the type I collagen-encoding genes are responsible for OI in 85% of the cases. Apart from collagen genes, mutations in more than 20 other genes, such as CRTAP, CREB3L1, MBTPS2, P4HB, SEC24D, SPARC, FKBP10, LEPRE1, PLOD2, PPIB, SERPINF1, SERPINH1, SP7, WNT1, BMP1, TMEM38B, and IFITM5 have been reported in OI...
March 27, 2024: Molecular Biology Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536536/what-keeps-the-style-under-tension-experimental-tests-to-understand-the-biomechanics-of-the-explosive-style-movement-in-marantaceae
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marcus Jerominek, Regine Claßen-Bockhoff
Pollination in Marantaceae is mediated by an explosive style movement. Before release, style tension is held by the hooded staminode. When a pollinator touches the trigger appendage of the hooded staminode the latter deforms and the style rapidly curls upwards. This movement has been interpreted as a turgor movement by some authors, but recent studies clearly indicate that setup, hold and release of tension are purely mechanical processes. However, in view of the high diversity of hooded staminodes, the question arises what keeps the tension in species with very thin staminodes...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Plant Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536489/infra-areolar-subcutaneous-mastectomy-in-the-surgical-treatment-of-adolescent-gynecomastia
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Özlem Balcı, İbrahim Karaman, Ayşe Karaman
BACKGROUND: Despite being a common condition in puberty, only 5-10% of pubertal gynecomastia need surgical treatment. Here the authors present their experiences with infra-areolar subcutaneous mastectomy in the surgical treatment of adolescent gynecomastia. METHODS: The records of patients who underwent infra-areolar subcutaneous mastectomy for adolescent gynecomastia between January 2004 and December 2021 were reviewed retrospectively. The patients' demographic data, complaints and clinical presentation, physical examination, laboratory and radiological findings, surgical management, and postoperative follow-ups were evaluated...
March 27, 2024: Pediatric Surgery International
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