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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alex R Lovins, Kevin A Miller, Anne K Buck, D Sophia Ensey, Rose K Homoelle, Megan C Murtha, Nathan A Ward, Liam A Shanahan, Gopichand Gutti, Pratik Shriwas, Craig A McElroy, Christopher S Callam, Christopher M Hadad
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition by organophosphorus (OP) compounds poses a serious health risk to humans. While many therapeutics have been tested for treatment after OP exposure, there is still a need for efficient reactivation against all kinds of OP compounds, and current oxime therapeutics have poor blood-brain barrier penetration into the central nervous system, while offering no recovery in activity from the OP-aged forms of AChE. Herein, we report a novel library of 4-amidophenol quinone methide precursors (QMP) that provide effective reactivation against multiple OP-inhibited forms of AChE in addition to resurrecting the aged form of AChE after exposure to a pesticide or some phosphoramidates...
April 15, 2024: ACS Chemical Neuroscience
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohannad Owiwi, Daniel Argo
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
April 9, 2024: Primary Care Companion to CNS Disorders
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jeffrey J Song, Jorgen C Eyabi, Poonam D Awatramani, Brian G Mitchell, Sudhanshu Y Nene
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
April 11, 2024: Primary Care Companion to CNS Disorders
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alfonso Martínez Torres, Eduardo Prades Marín, Patricia Sánchez Díez, Jorge Gómez-Arnau Ramírez
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
April 11, 2024: Primary Care Companion to CNS Disorders
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Balagangadhar R Totapally, Seevitha Totapalli, Prithvi Sendi, Paul A Martinez
OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to explore the prevalence, clinical features, resource utilization, temporal trends and outcomes associated with adenoviral infections in hospitalized children. METHODS: A retrospective analysis using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project's Kids' Inpatient Database from 1997 to 2019 was performed. Children aged 29 days to 17 years with adenoviral infection were selected. Chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis tests, linear trend analysis and multivariable analysis were used for data analysis...
April 11, 2024: Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
#6
REVIEW
Thomas de Broucker
The neurological manifestations and complications of the acute phase of COVID-19 are numerous. They mainly concern the central nervous system in the frequent forms of encephalopathy, encephalitis and neurovascular pathologies. Peripheral neurological manifestations mainly include acute polyneuropathies such as Guillain-Barré syndrome and intensive care neuromyopathies. Most of these manifestations were described during the first wave of the pandemic. The epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, pathophysiological and therapeutic aspects are addressed in this general review of the literature published from 2020 to early 2023...
June 27, 2023: Bulletin de L'Académie Nationale de Médecine
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Meghan R Hutch, Jiyeon Son, Trang T Le, Chuan Hong, Xuan Wang, Zahra Shakeri Hossein Abad, Michele Morris, Alba Gutiérrez-Sacristán, Jeffrey G Klann, Anastasia Spiridou, Ashley Batugo, Riccardo Bellazzi, Vincent Benoit, Clara-Lea Bonzel, William A Bryant, Lorenzo Chiudinelli, Kelly Cho, Priyam Das, Tomás González González, David A Hanauer, Darren W Henderson, Yuk-Lam Ho, Ne Hooi Will Loh, Adeline Makoudjou, Simran Makwana, Alberto Malovini, Bertrand Moal, Danielle L Mowery, Antoine Neuraz, Malarkodi Jebathilagam Samayamuthu, Fernando J Sanz Vidorreta, Emily R Schriver, Petra Schubert, Jeffery Talbert, Amelia L M Tan, Byorn W L Tan, Bryce W Q Tan, Valentina Tibollo, Patric Tippman, Guillaume Verdy, William Yuan, Paul Avillach, Nils Gehlenborg, Gilbert S Omenn, Shyam Visweswaran, Tianxi Cai, Yuan Luo, Zongqi Xia
Few studies examining the patient outcomes of concurrent neurological manifestations during acute COVID-19 leveraged multinational cohorts of adults and children or distinguished between central and peripheral nervous system (CNS vs. PNS) involvement. Using a federated multinational network in which local clinicians and informatics experts curated the electronic health records data, we evaluated the risk of prolonged hospitalization and mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients from 21 healthcare systems across 7 countries...
April 2024: PLOS Digit Health
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
José Mira, Callum G Brownstein, Djahid Kennouche, Giorgio Varesco, Enrico Roma, Thomas Lapole, Guillaume Y Millet
INTRODUCTION: Central nervous system excitability depends on the task performed, muscle group solicited, and contraction type. However, little is known on corticospinal and motoneuronal excitability measured during locomotor exercise. This study aimed at determining the reliability of motor-evoked potentials (MEP) and thoracic motor-evoked potentials (TMEP) in dynamic mode during unfatiguing and fatiguing cycling exercise. METHODS: Twenty-two participants completed four visits...
April 16, 2024: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yixuan Sheng, Jixian Wang, Gansheng Tan, Hui Chang, Qing Xie, Honghai Liu
In certain neurological disorders such as stroke, the impairment of upper limb function significantly impacts daily life quality and necessitates enhanced neurological control. This poses a formidable challenge in the realm of rehabilitation due to its intricate nature. Moreover, the plasticity of muscle synergy proves advantageous in assessing the enhancement of motor function among stroke patients pre and post rehabilitation training intervention, owing to the modular control strategy of central nervous system...
April 15, 2024: IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laura Rombolà, Enrica De Rasis, Shinobu Sakurada, Tsukasa Sakurada, Maria Tiziana Corasaniti, Giacinto Bagetta, Damiana Scuteri, Luigi Antonio Morrone
Bergamot essential oil shows anxiolytic-relaxant effects devoid of sedative action and motor impairment typical of benzodiazepines. Considering the potential for clinical of these effects, it is important to understand the underlying mechanisms of the phytocomplex. Modulation of glutamate group I and II metabotropic receptors is involved in stress and anxiety disorders, in cognition and emotions and increases locomotor activity and wakefulness. Interestingly, early data indicate that bergamot essential oil modulates glutamatergic transmission in specific manifestations of the central nervous system...
April 15, 2024: Phytotherapy Research: PTR
#11
REVIEW
Neslihan Nisa Gecici, Muhammet Enes Gurses, Brandon Kaye, Natasha L Frontera Jimenez, Chandler Berke, Elif Gökalp, Victor M Lu, Michael E Ivan, Ricardo J Komotar, Ashish H Shah
PURPOSE: Radiation necrosis (RN) is a local inflammatory reaction that arises in response to radiation injury and may cause significant morbidity. This study aims to evaluate and compare the efficacy of bevacizumab and laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) in treating RN in patients with previously radiated central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms. METHODS: PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and EMBASE databases were screened. Studies of patients with radiation necrosis from primary or secondary brain tumors were included...
April 15, 2024: Journal of Neuro-oncology
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohamed G Zeinhom, Ahmed Elbassiouny, Ahmed Mahmoud Mohamed, Sherihan Rezk Ahmed
BACKGROUND: Large-vessel ischemic stroke represents about 25-40% of all ischemic strokes. Few clinical trials compared ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in ischemic stroke patients; all these studies included only patients with a transient ischemic attack or minor stroke; moreover, none of these studies included patients from North Africa. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to compare ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in the first-ever large-vessel occlusion (LVO) acute ischemic stroke in Egypt...
April 15, 2024: CNS Drugs
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nurşah Eker, Gülnur Tokuç, Alican Sarısaltık, Adnan Dağçınar, Dilek Gül, Beste Melek Atasoy, Barış Yılmaz, Burcu Tufan Taş
PURPOSE: Children under 3 years old represent a notable portion, about 25 to 30%, of all central nervous system tumor (CNS) cases. Their clinical course, prognosis, and treatment significantly differ from older children. This single-center retrospective study aims to comprehensively analyze survival factors in children under three diagnosed with CNS tumors. METHODS: Between April 2012 and December 2023, cases under 3 years of age with CNS tumors diagnosed at our center were retrospectively evaluated...
April 15, 2024: Child's Nervous System: ChNS: Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anthony Donsante, Shauna A Rasmussen, Judith L Fridovich-Keil
Gene therapy is a powerful technology to deliver new genes to a patient for the treatment of disease, be it to introduce a functional gene, inactivate a toxic gene, or provide a gene whose product can modulate the biology of the disease. The delivery method for the therapeutic vector can take many forms, ranging from intravenous infusion for systemic delivery to direct injection into the target tissue. For neurodegenerative disorders, it is often desirable to skew transduction towards the brain and/or spinal cord...
March 29, 2024: Journal of Visualized Experiments: JoVE
#15
REVIEW
Darin T Okuda, Christine Lebrun-Frénay
The radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) currently represents the earliest detectable preclinical phase of multiple sclerosis (MS). Remarkable advancements have been recently made, including the identification of risk factors for disease evolution, revisions to the existing 2009 RIS criteria, and our understanding of the impact of early disease-modifying therapy use in the prevention/delay of symptomatic MS from two randomized clinical trials. Here, we discuss RIS in the context of the spectrum of MS, implications in the clinical management of individuals, and provide insights into future opportunities and challenges given the anticipated inclusion of asymptomatic MS in the formal definition of MS...
April 15, 2024: Multiple Sclerosis: Clinical and Laboratory Research
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tanuja Chitnis, Brenda Banwell, Ludwig Kappos, Douglas L Arnold, Kivilcim Gücüyener, Kumaran Deiva, Stephane Saubadu, Wenruo Hu, Myriam Benamor, Annaig Le-Halpere, Philippe Truffinet, Marc Tardieu
BACKGROUND: The double-blind TERIKIDS study demonstrated the efficacy and safety of teriflunomide. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of continuous teriflunomide treatment in the TERIKIDS open-label extension. METHODS: In the double-blind period, children with relapsing MS were randomized to placebo or teriflunomide (14 mg adult-equivalent dose) for ⩽ 96 weeks. Participants received teriflunomide for ⩽ 192 weeks post-randomization in the open-label extension...
April 15, 2024: Multiple Sclerosis: Clinical and Laboratory Research
#17
REVIEW
Ruojing Bai, Xintong Ge
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays a critical role in regulating the exchange of substances between peripheral blood and the central nervous system and in maintaining the stability of the neurovascular unit in neurological diseases. To guide clinical treatment and basic research on BBB protection following brain injury, this manuscript reviews how BBB disruption develops and influences neural recovery after stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI). By summarizing the pathological mechanisms of BBB damage, we underscore the critical role of promoting BBB repair in managing brain injury...
April 1, 2024: Histology and Histopathology
#18
D López, F Espinel, E Andrade, A S Aguirre
In pediatric patients, an acute altered mental status refers to a sudden and significant change in a child's brain function and level of consciousness. It may manifest as confusion, disorientation, agitation, lethargy or even a loss of consciousness. This condition is a medical emergency, and requires immediate evaluation and attention. There are several causes of acute altered mental status in children, including infections of the central nervous system such as meningitis or encephalitis, traumatic brain injury, metabolic disorders, seizures and poisoning, among others...
April 16, 2024: Revista de Neurologia
#19
Mohammad Jahangiri, Akhil Padarti, William A Kilgo
Transverse myelitis (TM) is a rare inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord that infections, vaccines, and autoimmune processes can cause or may have no discernible cause. About half of the cases are caused by an infection, usually a viral respiratory infection, flu-like illness, or sometimes a gastrointestinal infection. Although coxsackieviruses and enteroviruses are known to cause TM, it is more commonly associated with respiratory symptoms or systemic signs than a rash. In this case, we present a pregnant daycare worker who had a case of longitudinally extensive TM after an episode of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), which only showed the typical rash without fever or systemic signs...
March 2024: Curēus
#20
Prajyot Ankar, Snehal Samal, Swarna Singh
This case study examines the rehabilitation strategy for a 51-year-old farmer with primary neoplasm of the central nervous system (CNS)-related hemiparesis, balance issues, and cognitive impairment. Primary neoplasm of the CNS is a rare type of cancer that affects the brain, spinal cord, and other parts of the CNS. Hemiparesis, which is weakness on one side of the body, is a common symptom of primary neoplasm of the CNS. The tumour can cause inflammation and swelling in the brain, which can further contribute to weakness...
March 2024: Curēus
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