keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38462672/effect-of-pneumococcal-conjugate-vaccines-on-viral-respiratory-infections-a-systematic-literature-review
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ingrid T Sepúlveda-Pachón, Eileen M Dunne, Germaine Hanquet, Marc Baay, Sonia Menon, Luis Jodar, Bradford D Gessner, Christian Theilacker
BACKGROUND: In addition to preventing pneumococcal disease, emerging evidence indicates that pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) might indirectly reduce viral respiratory tract infections (RTI) by affecting pneumococcal-viral interactions. METHODS: We performed a systematic review of interventional and observational studies published during 2000-2022 on vaccine efficacy/adjusted effectiveness (VE) and overall effect of PCV7, PCV9, PCV10, or PCV13 against viral RTI...
March 11, 2024: Journal of Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38460057/respiratory-tract-viral-infections-associated-sepsis-in-patients-with-underlying-liver-disease-viral-sepsis-an-entity-to-look-forward
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ekta Gupta, Jasmine Samal, Rakhi Maiwall, Harshvardhan Tevethia, Malika Grover, Nitiksha Rani, Tushar Prabhakar, Manya Prasad, Arvind Tomar, Reshu Agarwal, Pratibha Kale, Vikas Khillan, Seema Alam
BACKGROUND: Sepsis remains a global health burden associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Bacteria are known to be the predominant pathogens in sepsis; however, viral etiologies in sepsis are still under diagnosed. Respiratory viral pathogens have been previously linked to sepsis, but the knowledge of incidence, disease burden and mortality of viral-induced sepsis remains limited. This study aimed at understanding the role of respiratory viral infections in the causation of sepsis in liver disease patients...
March 9, 2024: Indian Journal of Gastroenterology: Official Journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38451987/acute-flaccid-myelitis-with-human-rhinovirus-a19-detection-case-report-and-literature-review
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yurie Murayama, Yuta Aizawa, Tatsuki Ikuse, Ryohei Izumita, Shunsuke Nukaga, Masahiro Kaneko, Takeshi Yamada, Takeshi Ono, Ko Matsui, Masashi Suda, Akihiko Saitoh
Human rhinovirus (HRV) has been sporadically detected in patients with acute flaccid myelitis (AFM). We report a case of AFM in a 2-year-old boy with severe neurologic sequelae, whose nasopharyngeal and stool samples tested positive for HRV-A19. Clinical information related to AFM with HRV is limited. Further study of the association of AFM with HRV is warranted.
March 6, 2024: Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38446531/regulatory-role-of-mirnas-in-the-human-immune-and-inflammatory-response-during-the-infection-of-sars-cov-2-and-other-respiratory-viruses-a-comprehensive-review
#24
REVIEW
Chiranjib Chakraborty, Manojit Bhattacharya, Sang-Soo Lee
miRNAs are single-stranded ncRNAs that act as regulators of different human body processes. Several miRNAs have been noted to control the human immune and inflammatory response during severe acute respiratory infection syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Similarly, many miRNAs were upregulated and downregulated during different respiratory virus infections. Here, an attempt has been made to capture the regulatory role of miRNAs in the human immune and inflammatory response during the infection of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses...
March 2024: Reviews in Medical Virology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38445451/bacteria-and-viruses-and-their-role-in-the-preschool-wheeze-to-asthma-transition
#25
REVIEW
Nikolaos G Papadopoulos, Evaggelia Apostolidou, Michael Miligkos, Paraskevi Xepapadaki
Wheezing is the cardinal symptom of asthma; its presence early in life, mostly caused by viral infections, is a major risk factor for the establishment of persistent or recurrent disease. Early-life wheezing and asthma exacerbations are triggered by common respiratory viruses, mainly rhinoviruses (RV), and to a lesser extent, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza, human metapneumovirus, coronaviruses, adenoviruses, influenza, and bocavirus. The excess presence of bacteria, several of which are part of the microbiome, has also been identified in association with wheezing and acute asthma exacerbations, including haemophilus influenza, streptococcus pneumoniae, moraxella catarrhalis, mycoplasma pneumoniae, and chlamydophila pneumonia...
March 2024: Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38440301/implementation-of-a-prospective-index-cluster-sampling-strategy-for-the-detection-of-presymptomatic-viral-respiratory-infection-in-undergraduate-students
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Diya M Uthappa, Micah T McClain, Bradly P Nicholson, Lawrence P Park, Ilya Zhbannikov, Sunil Suchindran, Monica Jimenez, Florica J Constantine, Marshall Nichols, Daphne C Jones, Lori L Hudson, L Brett Jaggers, Timothy Veldman, Thomas W Burke, Ephraim L Tsalik, Geoffrey S Ginsburg, Christopher W Woods
BACKGROUND: Index-cluster studies may help characterize the spread of communicable infections in the presymptomatic state. We describe a prospective index-cluster sampling strategy (ICSS) to detect presymptomatic respiratory viral illness and its implementation in a college population. METHODS: We enrolled an annual cohort of first-year undergraduates who completed daily electronic symptom diaries to identify index cases (ICs) with respiratory illness. Investigators then selected 5-10 potentially exposed, asymptomatic close contacts (CCs) who were geographically co-located to follow for infections...
March 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38438704/hybrid-capture-shotgun-sequencing-detected-unexpected-viruses-in-the-cerebrospinal-fluid-of-children-with-acute-meningitis-and-encephalitis
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cristian Launes, Juan Camacho, Marina Pons-Espinal, F Xavier López-Labrador, Cristina Esteva, María Cabrerizo, María Dolores Fernández-García, Marta Fogeda, Josefa Masa-Calles, Noemí López-Perea, Juan Emilio Echevarría, Carmen Muñoz-Almagro, David Tarragó
PURPOSE: Investigation of undiagnosed cases of infectious neurological diseases, especially in the paediatric population, remains a challenge. This study aimed to enhance understanding of viruses in CSF from children with clinically diagnosed meningitis and/or encephalitis (M/ME) of unknown aetiology using shotgun sequencing enhanced by hybrid capture (HCSS). METHODS: A single-centre prospective study was conducted at Sant Joan de Déu University Hospital, Barcelona, involving 40 M/ME episodes of unknown aetiology, recruited from May 2021 to July 2022...
March 4, 2024: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38437245/impact-of-respiratory-viral-infections-on-nasopharyngeal-pneumococcal-colonization-dynamics-in-children
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leigh M Howard, Carlos G Grijalva
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Prevention of acute respiratory illnesses (ARI) in children is a global health priority, as these remain a leading cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality throughout the world. As new products and strategies to prevent respiratory infections caused by important pathogens such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), influenza, respiratory syncytial virus and pneumococcus are advancing, increasing evidence suggests that these and other respiratory viruses and pneumococci may exhibit interactions that are associated with altered colonization and disease dynamics...
March 5, 2024: Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38436746/the-relationship-between-autophagy-and-respiratory-viruses
#29
REVIEW
Hamidreza Gheitasi, Mohammad Sabbaghian, Manouchehr Fadaee, Nader Mohammadzadeh, Ali Akbar Shekarchi, Vahdat Poortahmasebi
Respiratory viruses have caused severe global health problems and posed essential challenges to the medical community. In recent years, the role of autophagy as a critical process in cells in viral respiratory diseases has been noticed. One of the vital catabolic biological processes in the body is autophagy. Autophagy contributes to energy recovery by targeting and selectively directing foreign microorganisms, organelles, and senescent intracellular proteins to the lysosome for degradation and phagocytosis...
March 4, 2024: Archives of Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38420031/reduction-of-acute-respiratory-infections-in-day-care-by-non-pharmaceutical-interventions-a-narrative-review
#30
REVIEW
Lars Andrup, Karen A Krogfelt, Lene Stephansen, Kristian Schultz Hansen, Brian Krogh Graversen, Peder Wolkoff, Anne Mette Madsen
OBJECTIVE: Children who start in day-care have 2-4 times as many respiratory infections compared to children who are cared for at home, and day-care staff are among the employees with the highest absenteeism. The extensive new knowledge that has been generated in the COVID-19 era should be used in the prevention measures we prioritize. The purpose of this narrative review is to answer the questions: Which respiratory viruses are the most significant in day-care centers and similar indoor environments? What do we know about the transmission route of these viruses? What evidence is there for the effectiveness of different non-pharmaceutical prevention measures? DESIGN: Literature searches with different terms related to respiratory infections in humans, mitigation strategies, viral transmission mechanisms, and with special focus on day-care, kindergarten or child nurseries, were conducted in PubMed database and Web of Science...
2024: Frontiers in Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38410509/bacterial-small-rnas-may-mediate-immune-response-differences-seen-in-respiratory-syncytial-virus-versus-rhinovirus-bronchiolitis
#31
MULTICENTER STUDY
Kylie I Krohmaly, Marcos Perez-Losada, Ignacio Ramos-Tapia, Zhaozhong Zhu, Kohei Hasegawa, Carlos A Camargo, Brennan Harmon, Janice A Espinola, Laura Reck Cechinel, Rachael Batabyal, Robert J Freishtat, Andrea Hahn
Bronchiolitis, a viral lower respiratory infection, is the leading cause of infant hospitalization, which is associated with an increased risk for developing asthma later in life. Bronchiolitis can be caused by several respiratory viruses, such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), rhinovirus (RV), and others. It can also be caused by a solo infection (e.g., RSV- or RV-only bronchiolitis) or co-infection with two or more viruses. Studies have shown viral etiology-related differences between RSV- and RV-only bronchiolitis in the immune response, human microRNA (miRNA) profiles, and dominance of certain airway microbiome constituents...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38403281/-infection-status-and-molecular-types-of-rhinovirus-among-cases-of-acute-respiratory-tract-infections-in-luohe-city-henan-province-from-2017-to-2022
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Y G Wang, B C Xia, Z B Xie, J Xu, Y Zhang, Z B Zhang, X Sun, H R Wang, H L Wang, Z Kong, J H Song, Y D Zhang, Y Zhang
Objective: To understand the infection status and molecular types of rhinovirus (RV) among cases of Acute Respiratory Infections (ARIs) in Luohe City, Henan Province, from 2017 to 2022. Methods: From October 2017 to June 2022, clinical and epidemiological data were collected from 2 270 cases of ARIs at Luohe Central Hospital in Henan Province. Throat swab specimens were obtained from these cases. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to screen for RV-positive specimens. Subsequently, the positive samples were subjected to nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (nested RT-PCR) to amplify the full-length VP1 region...
February 23, 2024: Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue za Zhi [Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine]
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38401017/patterns-and-predictors-of-positive-multiplex-polymerase-chain-reaction-respiratory-panel-among-patients-with-acute-respiratory-infections-in-a-single-center-in-lebanon
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aline El Zakhem, Omar Mahmoud, Hisham Bou Fakhreddine, Rami Mahfouz, Imad Bouakl
BACKGROUND: Infectious agents associated with community-acquired acute respiratory infections (ARIs) remain understudied in Lebanon. We aim to assess the microbiological profiles of ARIs by employing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and identifying predictors of positive PCR results among patients admitted for ARI. METHODS AND RESULTS: We conducted a retrospective single-center study at the American University of Beirut Medical Center, including all respiratory PCR panels performed on pediatric (< 18) and adult (≥ 18) patients presenting with an ARI from January 2015 to March 2018, prior to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic...
February 24, 2024: Molecular Biology Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38399745/seasonality-and-genotype-diversity-of-human-rhinoviruses-during-an-eight-year-period-in-slovenia
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nataša Berginc, Maja Sočan, Katarina Prosenc Trilar, Miroslav Petrovec
Due to the high socioeconomic burden of rhinoviruses, the development of prevention and treatment strategies is of high importance. Understanding the epidemiological and clinical features of rhinoviruses is essential in order to address these issues. Our study aimed to define the seasonality and molecular epidemiology of rhinoviruses in Slovenia. Over a period of eight years, a total of 20,425 patients from sentinel primary healthcare settings and sentinel hospitals were examined for a panel of respiratory viruses in the national programme for the surveillance of influenza-like illnesses and acute respiratory infections...
February 6, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38397770/effects-of-contagious-respiratory-pathogens-on-breath-biomarkers
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nele Kemnitz, Patricia Fuchs, Rasmus Remy, Leo Ruehrmund, Julia Bartels, Ann-Christin Klemenz, Phillip Trefz, Wolfram Miekisch, Jochen K Schubert, Pritam Sukul
Due to their immediate exhalation after generation at the cellular/microbiome levels, exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) may provide real-time information on pathophysiological mechanisms and the host response to infection. In recent years, the metabolic profiling of the most frequent respiratory infections has gained interest as it holds potential for the early, non-invasive detection of pathogens and the monitoring of disease progression and the response to therapy. Using previously unpublished data, randomly selected individuals from a COVID-19 test center were included in the study...
January 29, 2024: Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38397359/multiplex-pcr-and-antibiotic-use-in-children-with-community-acquired-pneumonia
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Teresa Del Rosal, Patricia Bote-Gascón, Iker Falces-Romero, Talía Sainz, Fernando Baquero-Artigao, Paula Rodríguez-Molino, Ana Méndez-Echevarría, Blanca Bravo-Queipo-de-Llano, Luis A Alonso, Cristina Calvo
Antibiotics are frequently prescribed to children with pneumonia, although viruses are responsible for most cases. We aimed to evaluate the impact of multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) on antibiotic use. We conducted a prospective study of children under 14 years of age admitted for suspected viral pneumonia, from October 2019 to June 2022 (except March-November 2020). A mPCR respiratory panel (FilmArray® 2 plus , bioMérieux, Marcy-l'Étoile, France) was performed within 72 h of admission...
February 15, 2024: Children
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38389877/highly-potent-and-selective-phosphatidylinositol-4-kinase-iii%C3%AE-inhibitors-as-broad-spectrum-anti-rhinoviral-agents
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Avinash G Vishakantegowda, Dasom Hwang, Prashant Chakrasali, Eunhye Jung, Joo-Youn Lee, Jin Soo Shin, Young-Sik Jung
Human rhinoviruses (hRVs) cause upper and lower respiratory tract infections and exacerbate asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. hRVs comprise more than 160 strains with considerable genetic variation. Their high diversity and strain-specific interactions with antisera hinder the development of anti-hRV therapeutic agents. Phosphatidylinositol-4-kinase IIIβ (PI4KIIIβ) is a key enzyme in the phosphoinositide signalling pathway that is crucial for the replication and survival of various viruses...
February 21, 2024: RSC medicinal chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38387954/-the-non-bacterial-pathogenic-and-clinical-characteristics-of-acute-respiratory-tract-infection-in-children-in-a-hospital-of-pediatric-in-sichuan-province-from-2019-to-2021
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
L Chang, F Liu, G L Che, Q X Yang, S Y Lai, J Teng, J X Duan, H Jian, Y M Jiang
Objective: To explore the non-bacterial pathogen distribution, epidemiological characteristics, and clinical features of acute respiratory infections in children in Sichuan Province. Methods: Using a retrospective cohort study method, this study selected hospitalized children diagnosed with acute respiratory infections at West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University from February 2019 to January 2021, and tested 13 pathogens using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-fragment analysis. The children were divided into infant group (<1 year old), toddler group (1 year old ≤ age <3 years old), preschool group (3 years old ≤ age <6 years old) and school-age group (6 years old ≤ age <18 years old)...
February 6, 2024: Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue za Zhi [Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine]
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38384141/rhinovirus-infection-and-co-infection-in-children-with-severe-acute-respiratory-infection-during-the-covid-19-pandemic-period
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Célia Regina Malveste Ito, Mônica Oliveira Santos, Marcos de Oliveira Cunha, Kelliane Martins de Araújo, Guilherme Rocha Lino de Souza, Geovana Sôffa Rézio, Pollyanna Neta de Brito, Alana Parreira Costa Rezende, Jakeline Godinho Fonseca, Isabela Jubé Wastowski, José Daniel Gonçalves Vieira, Melissa Ameloti Gomes Avelino, Lilian Carla Carneiro
Rhinovirus causes respiratory tract infections in children and is found in co-infections. The objective of this research was to study the clinical profile of rhinovirus infection and co-infection in children with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) during the COVID-19 pandemic period. We included 606 children ranging in age from 0.1 to 144 months of age from March 2020 to December 2021, hospitalized in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). The samples were collected by secretion from the nasopharynx region...
December 2024: Virulence
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38379907/characterisation-of-rsv-infections-in-children-without-chronic-diseases-aged-0-36-months-during-the-post-covid-19-winter-season-2022-2023
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katharina Meier, Angela Riepl, Peter Voitl, Lena Lischka, Julian J M Voitl, Klara Langer, Ulrike Kuzio, Monika Redlberger-Fritz, Susanne C Diesner-Treiber
BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the leading causes of hospitalisation, morbidity, and mortality due to respiratory infection in the first years of life. This longitudinal prospective study outlines the 2022/23 season's viral patterns in Austria after the epidemiological changes determined by public health measures. We aimed to highlight differences within the RSV subtypes and genotypes in 0-36-month-old children without chronic diseases in the outpatient setting...
2024: Frontiers in Pediatrics
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