Deliberate Self-Harm

OBJECTIVE: Effective suicide prevention for adolescents is urgently needed but difficult, as suicide models lack a focus on age-specific influencing factors such as emotional dysregulation. Moreover, examined predictors often do not specifically consider the contribution to the severity of suicidality. To determine which adolescents are at high risk of more severe suicidality, we examined the association between emotional dysregulation and severity of suicidality directly as well as indirectly via depressiveness and nonsuicidal self-injury...

While statistics from hospitals showed that the proportion of self-harm or attempted suicide kept growing among children and adolescents aged 6-17 attending the emergency department, cases of self-harm or attempted suicide dissimulated as accidents received scant attention or were neglected. This study aimed to examine associations between unintentional injuries subtypes and deliberate self-harm behaviors from a school-based large-scale survey. A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Anhui, China, between November 2022 to January 2023...

PURPOSE: Despite a large number of studies on the relation between cannabis use and mental distress in adolescence, results are inconclusive regarding the nature of this association. The aim of the present study is to expand this body of research by analyzing the within-person association between changes in cannabis use and changes in mental distress among young people. METHODS: We used longitudinal data from a national sample of young people in Norway. The cohort was assessed in 1992 (T1), 1994 (T2), 1999 (T3), and 2005 (T4)...

Self-mutilation refers to the state in which a person deliberately hurts himself without the intention to commit suicide but with the motive of some personal gain. Four cases are described in the current study with four different personal motives - drug supply, accusation of intimate partner violence, confrontation of parental prohibition, and a way to hide and escape from a committed crime. Evaluating the injuries due to self-mutilation might be challenging due to atypical lesions and well-structured false stories when the victim has some level of competency...

Low-quality and misleading information online can hijack people's attention, often by evoking curiosity, outrage, or anger. Resisting certain types of information and actors online requires people to adopt new mental habits that help them avoid being tempted by attention-grabbing and potentially harmful content. We argue that digital information literacy must include the competence of critical ignoring -choosing what to ignore and where to invest one's limited attentional capacities. We review three types of cognitive strategies for implementing critical ignoring: self-nudging, in which one ignores temptations by removing them from one's digital environments; lateral reading, in which one vets information by leaving the source and verifying its credibility elsewhere online; and the do-not-feed-the-trolls heuristic, which advises one to not reward malicious actors with attention...

INTRODUCTION: A key component in the classification of all injury types is to differentiate whether the injury was deliberately inflicted and by whom, commonly known as "intent" in the surveillance literature. These data guide patient care and inform surveillance strategies. South Asia is believed to have the greatest number of intentional burn injuries, but national surveillance data is not disaggregated by injury intent. Scientific literature can be used for injury surveillance where national data collection does not exist...

BACKGROUND: Paranoia-incorrectly thinking that others are deliberating trying to harm you-causes distress, undermines social interactions and leads to withdrawal. It presents across multiple psychiatric diagnoses. OBJECTIVE: The primary aim was to determine the extent that cognitive and social processes may explain paranoia. The secondary aim was to identify explanatory factors that distinguished paranoia and social anxiety. METHODS: 10 382 UK adults, quota sampled to match the population for age, gender, ethnicity, income and region, participated in a non-probability survey...

STUDY DESIGN: Natural experiment OBJECTIVES: To determine whether COVID-19 restrictions were associated with changes in the incidence of traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) in Scotland. SETTING: The Queen Elizabeth National Spinal Injuries Unit (QENSIU), the sole provider of treatment for TSCI in Scotland. METHODS: Time series analysis of all admissions for TSCI between 1st January 2015 and 31st August 2022. RESULTS: Over the 8-year study period, 745 patients were admitted to the QENSIU with a TSCI...

OBJECTIVES: The pandemic and public health response to contain the virus had impacts on many aspects of young people's lives including disruptions to daily routines, opportunities for social, academic, recreational engagement and early employment. Consequently, children, adolescents and young adults may have experienced mental health challenges that required use of mental health services. This study compared rates of use for inpatient and outpatient mental health services during the pandemic to pre-pandemic rates...

Self-inflicted burns (SIB) are preventable injuries that often occur due to suicidal intent or deliberate self-harm. The incidence of SIB and demographics vary across different countries. This study highlights our regional experience of SIB over almost two decades, assessing characteristics and outcomes. A retrospective chart review of all patients assessed at a UK regional burns centre, presenting with SIB, from 2003 to 2021, was performed. Subgroup analyses based on gender, the presence or absence of pre-existing psychiatric disorders and in-hospital patient mortality were undertaken...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this review was to determine the effect of educational programs that have been implemented in acute health care settings to manage or prevent aggressive behaviors toward staff perpetrated by patients, families, and/or visitors. INTRODUCTION: Health care staff working within acute- and tertiary-level hospitals are at high risk of exposure to aggressive behaviors by patients, their family, and/or visitors. Negative staff and organizational impacts reported in the literature include individual psychological or emotional distress and severe harm, increased absenteeism, high staff turnover, and awarded compensation...

Differentiating between borderline personality disorder (BPD) and bipolar disorder (BD) can be difficult. Both may present with altered mood states, deliberate self-harm, suicidality, impulsivity, unstable relationships, and risky behaviors. A manic episode is characterized by at least one week of elevated or irritated mood and at least three of the following: distractibility, impulsivity, grandiosity, flight of ideas, psychomotor activity, decreased need for sleep, and pressured speech. Borderline personality disorder is characterized by unstable mood and relationships, fear of abandonment, impulsivity, self-mutilation, suicidality, and a feeling of emptiness...

BACKGROUND: The time after contact with specialized health services for mental health and substance use is associated with an increased risk of suicide, where temporal aspects of suicide and comorbid mental disorders in patients with substance use disorders could be associated. This study aimed to examine the temporal association between time from last treatment contact to suicide and comorbid mental disorders in patients with substance use disorders. METHODS: This study is a historical prospective case series using nationwide registry data...

Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is associated with an increased risk of suicide. As the diagnostic criteria outlined in DSM-5 and other related clinical studies, a patient must have engaged in self-injurious behavior at least 5 times within the past year. However, patients with fewer than 5 self-injury behaviors should not be ignored. Our study included 46 adolescents aged 10-19 years with subthreshold NSSI (sNSSI), along with a control group of 50 healthy adolescents matched for age and other factors. We collected resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data and stool samples...

Background: Youth with bipolar disorder (BD) are at high risk for suicide and have high rates of self-harm, which includes both suicide attempts and non-suicidal self-injury. Greater risk-taking has been associated with suicide attempts in youth with major depression, although there are no studies examining the relationship between risk-related decision-making and self-harm in youth with BD. We aimed to examine the association of suicide risk with risk-sensitive decision-making in a controlled sample of youth with BD...

Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) refers to the direct, deliberate infliction of harm to one's body tissue without the intention to die. The prevalence of NSSI has increased significantly globally in recent years and has become an important public health problem affecting the health of people, especially adolescents. The occurrence of NSSI in adolescents is the result of the interaction of different factors. Many scholars have proposed various theoretical models to explain the mechanism of NSSI behavior based on previous research on the influencing factors of NSSI...

INTRODUCTION: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a complex mental disorder with core symptoms like interpersonal instability, emotion dysregulation, self-harm, and impulsive decision-making. Previous neuropsychological studies have found impairment in the decision-making of patients with BPD related to impulsivity. In our study, we focus on a better, more nuanced understanding of impulsive decision-making in BPD with the help of Rogers' decision-making test that simulates a gambling situation...

PURPOSE: Clinicians assessing patients with deliberate self-inflicted amputations face a problem of whether or not to replant. The objective of this study was to summarize the literature on this topic and provide recommendations regarding the acute management of patients following self-inflicted amputations in the upper extremity. METHODS: Two reviewers searched four databases using the keywords "Upper extremity," "Amputation," and "Self-Inflicted." The reviewers systematically screened and collected data on publications reporting cases of self-inflicted upper-extremity amputations...

Aluminum phosphide (ALP) is one of the most commonly used pesticides worldwide with high mortality rates primarily due to the production of phosphene gas which causes severe mitochondrial damage leading to refractory myocardial depression, refractory hypotension, severe metabolic acidosis, and acute respiratory distress syndrome.[1] There is no antidote for ALP poisoning and treatment remains mainly supportive. The available literature shows a favorable outcome with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in severely intoxicated patients presenting early with cardiovascular collapse...

Reflective smartphone disengagement (i.e., deliberate actions to self-regulate when and how one should use one's smartphone) has become a necessary skill in our ever-connected lives, contributing to a healthy balance of related benefits and harms. However, disengaging from one's smartphone might compete with impulsive psychosocial motivators such as fear of missing out (FoMO) on others' rewarding experiences or feelings of loneliness. To shed light into these competitive processes, the present paper disentangles the reciprocal, over-time relationships between reflective smartphone disengagement, FoMO, and loneliness using data from a two-wave panel study among emerging adults (16-21 years of age)...