Renal, kidney, renal transplant

Kidney transplantation is essential for patients with end-stage renal disease; however, ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) during transplantation can lead to acute kidney damage and compromise survival. Recent studies have reported that antiferroptotic agents may be a potential therapeutic strategy, by reducing production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, we constructed rutin-loaded polydopamine nanoparticles (PEG-PDA@rutin NPs, referred to as PPR NPs) to eliminate ROS resulting from IRI. Physicochemical characterization showed that the PPR NPs were ∼100 nm spherical particles with good ROS scavenging ability...

BACKGROUND: Social deprivation is associated with lower peritoneal dialysis (PD) uptake. This study was carried out to evaluate the role of social deprivation on the outcome of PD. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of data extracted from the Renal Epidemiology and Information Network registry for patients older than 18 years who started PD in metropolitan France between 1 January 2017 and 30 June 2018. The end of the observation period was 31 December 2020...

BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: The decision for acceptance or discard of the increasingly rare and marginal brain-dead donor kidneys in Eurotransplant (ET) countries has to be made without solid evidence. Thus, we developed and validated flexible clinicopathological scores called 2-Step Scores for the prognosis of delayed graft function (DGF) and one-year death-censored transplant loss (1y-tl) reflecting the current practice of six ET countries including Croatia and Belgium. METHODS: The training set was n=620 for DGF and n=711 for 1y-tl, with validation sets n=158 and n=162...

BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing global health concern. Recent research has indicated sex disparities in CKD-related complications, yet the impact of sex differences on critical kidney function levels that trigger these complications and mortality remains inadequately documented. METHODS: We investigated sex-specific disparities in CKD-related complications and mortality according to eGFR levels. We analyzed NHANES data spanning from 1999 to 2018, including adult participants with an eGFR of 15-150 ml/min per 1...

Leukocyte chemotactic factor-2 amyloidosis (ALECT2) is a recently described subtype of amyloidosis. IgG4-related disease is a rare fibroinflammatory condition characterized by dense interstitial lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates and fibrosis. Membranous nephropathy and diabetic nephropathy are common causes of nephrotic syndrome. Here we report a 49-year-old Hispanic male patient with diabetes mellitus who presented with jaundice and pruritus. IgG4-related autoimmune pancreatitis was diagnosed through laboratory workup and ampulla biopsy...

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis and osteopenia are more frequent in patients who have received kidney transplants than in healthy individuals. Although osteoporosis and sarcopenia are closely related, only few studies have considered them in the post-transplantation period. We aimed to investigate the relationship between lower bone mineral density and skeletal muscle in kidney transplant recipients. METHODS: We included 371 patients in the maintenance phase of kidney transplantation (> 6 months after transplantation) followed-up at our institution from January to December 2019...

BACKGROUND: The association between obesity and infectious diseases is increasingly reported in the literature. There are scarce studies on the association between obesity and urinary tract infection after kidney transplantation (KTx). These studies defined obesity based on body mass index, and their results were conflicting. The present study aimed to evaluate this association using bioelectrical impedance analysis for body composition evaluation, and obesity definition. METHODS: A single-center cohort study was conducted...

PURPOSE: An abnormal lower urinary tract poses significant challenges for transplant surgeons. Besides the ureteral anastomosis to an ileal conduit, there are diverse complex reconstructive solutions. Due to its rarity, standardization and teaching of complex urinary diversion is extremely difficult. METHODS: The indications and outcomes of complex urinary diversions after kidney transplantation (KT) were retrospectively investigated at eight urologic transplant centers including a current follow-up...

PURPOSE: Kidney transplantation is the optimal treatment for patients with end-stage kidney disease. Donor-specific urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs) hold potential as biomarkers for assessing allograft status. We aimed to develop a method for identifying donor-specific uEVs based on human leukocyte antigen (HLA) mismatching with the kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Urine and plasma were obtained from HLA-A2+ donors and HLA-A2- KTRs pre-transplant...

BACKGROUND: Renal transplantation is currently the best treatment option for patients with end-stage renal disease. However, the use of kidneys from donors under 6 years of age as a possibility to increase the organ pool in pediatric recipients remains a controversial matter. We aimed to investigate whether donor age is associated to the long-term functionality of the renal graft. Likewise, we analyzed the adaptation of the graft to the ascending functional requirements in the pediatric patient...

AIM: Kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), due to their immunosuppressed status, are potentially more susceptible to both the severe effects of COVID-19 and complications in their transplanted organ. The aim of this study is to investigate whether COVID-19 infection increases the risk of rejection in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). METHODS: This study involved a detailed literature review, conducted using PubMed, with the search being completed by September 7th, 2023...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Orthotopic kidney transplantation (KT) has been proposed as an option for patients ineligible for heterotopic KT. In this scenario, orthotopic robot-assisted KT (oRAKT) represents a novel, minimally invasive alternative to the open approach. Here we describe the largest oRAKT series of patients, with a focus on the surgical technique, perioperative surgical outcomes, and functional results. METHODS: We queried prospectively maintained databases from three referral centers to identify patients who underwent oRAKT and evaluated surgical and functional outcomes...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients have an increased risk for cognitive impairment compared to the general population. The risk is much higher in CKD patients who progress to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and require hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Multiple factors may contribute to cognitive impairment in CKD patients and in patients on chronic dialysis. However, the observation that, after kidney transplantation, there is an improvement in several cognitive performance markers and that some structural and functional brain abnormalities may improve suggests that cognitive deficits in patients on dialysis may be at least partially reversible...

C4d, a split product of C4 activation in classical and lectin pathways of the complement system activation, has been regarded as a footprint of tissue damage in antibody-mediated rejection in transplantology. The introduction of C4d staining into daily clinical practice aroused an ever-increasing interest in the role of antibody-mediated mechanisms in kidney allograft rejection. However, this marker of complement activation is also important in other various kidney glomerular pathologies such as immunoglobulin A nephropathy, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, lupus nephritis, and others...

BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major medical problem affecting patients' quality of life and healthcare costs. OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the severity, risk factors, and outcomes of patients diagnosed with acute kidney injury (AKI), including community-acquired AKI (CA-AKI) and hospital-acquired AKI (HA-AKI), who were admitted to tertiary institutions in Palestine. METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at multiple tertiary care hospitals in Palestine by reviewing patient charts from January 2020 to March 2023...

RATIONALE: Alport Syndrome (AS) is a progressive genetic condition characterized by chronic kidney disease (CKD), hearing loss, and eye abnormalities. It is caused by mutations in the genes COL4A3, COL4A4 , and COL4A5 . Heterozygous mutations in COL4A4 and COL4A3 cause autosomal dominant Alport Syndrome (ADAS), and a spectrum of phenotypes ranging from asymptomatic hematuria to CKD, with variable extra-renal features. In the past, heterozygous mutations in these genes were thought to be benign, however recent studies show that about 30% of patients can progress to CKD, and 15% can progress to end stage kidney disease (ESKD)...

OBJECTIVE: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) are common in renal transplant recipients. Semaglutide has demonstrated efficacy and safety in patients with T2DM. To date, only a limited number of studies have investigated its use in renal transplant patients. This study assessed the safety and efficacy of semaglutide in post-renal transplant patients. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted at king Abdulaziz Medical City-Riyadh, Saudi Arabia...

BACKGROUND: Renal artery variations are clinically significant due to their implications for surgical procedures and renal function. However, data on these variations in Sudanese populations are limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and characteristics of renal artery variations in a Sudanese population. METHODS: A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted in Khartoum state from October 2017 to October 2020. A total of 400 Sudanese participants who underwent abdominal CT scans were included...

Adsorption-based extracorporeal therapies have been subject to technical developments and clinical application for close to five decades. More recently, new technological developments in membrane and sorbent manipulation have made it possible to deliver more biocompatible extracorporeal adsorption therapies to patients with a variety of conditions. There are several key rationales based on physicochemical principles and clinical considerations that justify the application and investigation of such therapies as evidenced by multiple ex-vivo, experimental, and clinical observations...

BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: The MENTOR trial (MEmbranous Nephropathy Trial Of Rituximab) showed that rituximab was noninferior to cyclosporine in inducing complete or partial remission of proteinuria and was superior in maintaining proteinuria remission. However, the cost of rituximab may prohibit first-line use for some patients and health care payers. METHODS: A Markov model was used to determine the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of rituximab compared with cyclosporine for the treatment membranous nephropathy from the perspective of a health care payer with a life-time time horizon...