Grit

BACKGROUND: Cambodian youth face many unique challenges, such as high instances of poverty and intergenerational trauma. Grit, a person-level trait defined as having "perseverance and passion for long-term goals", may be particularly important in helping Cambodian youth to succeed despite the extreme challenges they face. To date, the Original Grit Scale (Grit-O) has not been translated in Khmer or validated for a sample of Cambodian youth. PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of a Khmer translation of the Original Grit Scale (Grit-O) among urban Cambodian youth...

PURPOSE: The aim of our study was to analyze the clinical and radiological outcomes of conversion total hip arthroplasty (THA) for failed fixation of proximal femur fractures with monoblock grit-blasted titanium reconstruction stem (Wagner self-locking stem, Zimmer). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-nine patients were included in this retrospective analysis undergoing conversion THA for failed cephalomedullary nail or dynamic hip screw fixation for intertrochanteric fractures from January 2017 to January 2022...

AIM: Perinatal hypercholesterolemia exacerbates the development of atherosclerotic plaques in adult offspring. Here, we aimed to study the effect of maternal treatment with cholestyramine, a lipid-lowering drug, on atherosclerosis development in adult offspring of hypercholesterolemic ApoE-deficient (ApoE-/- ) mice. METHODS: ApoE-/- mice were treated with 3% cholestyramine (CTY) during gestation (G). After weaning, offspring (CTY-G) were fed control diet until sacrificed at 25weeks of age...

Granite edge finishing through grinding is a common process in the granite processing industry, crucial for achieving the final desired shape and edge quality of products. This study focuses on the granite industry, specifically delving into the significance of grinding and polishing for improving aesthetics and extending material longevity. The experimental design entails a comprehensive factorial experiment plan involving two workpiece materials (white and black granite samples) and two cutting tool edge shapes (chamfer and concave), each with two grit sizes: G150 and G600...

The clinical success of dental titanium implants is profoundly linked to implant stability and osseointegration, which comprises pre-osteoblast proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and extracellular mineralization. Because of the bio-inert nature of titanium, surface processing using subtractive or additive methods enhances osseointegration ability but limits the benefit due to accompanying surface contamination. By contrast, laser processing methods increase the roughness of the implant surface without contamination...

The study of the relationship between key psychological attributes of learners and their engagement in second language (L2) learning helps to understand the critical personality mechanisms influencing language learning. The present study examined the L2 learning engagement from the perspectives of grit (i.e., consistent efforts and interests devoted to a long-term goal) and affect balance (a notion that takes into account both positive and negative emotions concurrently, assessing and evaluating which side holds more significance or influence)...

Miniscrews are devices that allow for absolute skeletal anchorage. However, their use has a higher failure rate (10-30%) than dental implants (10%). To overcome these flaws, chemical and/or mechanical treatment of the surface of miniscrews has been suggested. There is no consensus in the current literature about which of these methods is the gold standard; thus, our objective was to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature on surface treatments of miniscrews. The review protocol was registered (PROSPERO CRD42023408011) and is in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines...

This study was conducted to compare the effects of an innovative plasma surface treatment device that does not need a gas supply for titanium disks with two different surface topographies: the prototypical machined surface (MAC) and one of the most diffused roughened ones (SL) obtained through grit blasting and acid etching. A total of 200-MAC and 200-SL titanium disks were used. Each group of disks was divided into four sub-groups of 40 samples each that were subjected to five different tests. Among these, 150-MAC and 150-SL were considered the test group, and they were treated with plasma for 15, 30, and 60 s after being removed from the sterile packaging...

The majority of the studies on nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) are conducted at a laboratory-scale, while field-scale evidence is scarce. The objective of this study was to compare the metal(loid) immobilization efficiency of selected Fe-based materials under field conditions for a period of one year. Two contrasting metal(loid) (As, Cd, Pb, Zn) enriched soils from a smelter-contaminated area were amended with sulfidized nZVI (S-nZVI) solely or combined with thermally stabilized sewage sludge and compared to amendment with microscale iron grit...

A holistic biointegration of percutaneous bone-anchored metallic prostheses with both hard and soft tissues dictates their longevity in the human body. While titanium (Ti) has nearly solved osseointegration, soft tissue integration of percutaneous metallic prostheses is a perennial problem. Unlike the firm soft tissue sealing in biological percutaneous structures (fingernails and teeth), foreign body response of the skin to titanium (Ti) leads to inflammation, epidermal downgrowth and inferior peri-implant soft tissue sealing...

BACKGROUND: This study assesses the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (C-ZTPI-20) in an adolescent population. METHODS: The investigation encompasses a sample of 2634 middle school students from China and aims to evaluate the instrument's reliability, structural validity, measurement invariance, criterion validity, and network structure attributes. RESULTS: First, descriptive analysis revealed satisfactory reliabilities for four out of five C-ZTPI-20 dimensions, with Present Fatalistic (PF) exhibiting relatively low reliability...

The Academic Grit Scale (AGS) is a novel measure of academic-specific grit. However, its factor structure and measurement invariance have yet to be thoroughly supported. The present study tested the factor structure and measurement invariance of the AGS with a large sample of early adolescents (aged 9-14 years) from China (N = 1,894). The bifactor model showed that the AGS was predominately accounted for by the general factor rather than the domain-specific factors; the parallel model from the AGS's one-factor model showed good fit indices; thus, the AGS should be described as a univocal solution and reported as the total score...

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are chemotherapy resistant sarcomas that are a leading cause of death in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Although NF1-related MPNSTs derive from neural crest cell origin, they also exhibit intratumoral heterogeneity. TP53 mutations are associated with significantly decreased survival in MPNSTs, however the mechanisms underlying TP53-mediated therapy responses are unclear in the context of NF1-deficiency. We evaluated the role of two commonly altered genes, MET and TP53, in kinome reprograming and cellular differentiation in preclinical MPNST mouse models...

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: The influence of computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) parameters and settings on the outcomes of milled indirect restorations is poorly understood. PURPOSE: The purpose of this scoping review was to summarize the current CAM systems, parameters, and setting changes, and their effects on different outcomes of milled indirect restorations and aspects related to their manufacture. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The protocol of this review is available online (https://osf...

INTRODUCTION: National Physical Therapy Exam (NPTE) performance is predicted to some degree by cognitive measures, such as grade point average (GPA) and the Graduate Record Exam scores. Researchers have begun to explore noncognitive measures, for example, grit and mindset, which could account for other potential determinants of student success in physical therapist (PT) education programs and the NPTE. REVIEW OF LITERATURE: There is a paucity of evidence that has explored non-cognitive factors related to academic performance compared to cognitive factors...

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess the effect of polishing versus glazing of computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) ceramics on depth of wear and surface roughness of opposing composite resin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This in vitro study was conducted on 40 Z250 composite and 40 CAD-CAM ceramic specimens including Celtra Duo, Vita Mark II, e.max CAD, and Vita Suprinity ceramics. All ceramic specimens were roughened by a fine-grit bur after primary glazing to simulate an adjusted surface in the clinical setting...

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of internet addiction, an ever-increasing phenomenon, on success and grit in academics. This descriptive cross-sectional study was completed by reaching participants on social media platforms, using socio-demographic information, grade point averages (GPA), internet addiction scale, and the academic grit scale. No difference was found between the median scores of GPA, the academic grit scale, and the internet addiction scale according to the field of study (p-values = 0...

The significant population of Chinese rural-to-urban migrant children has sparked considerable domestic and international concern regarding their disadvantaged family circumstances and their escalating prevalence of internalizing and externalizing problems. Derived from the resource substitution hypothesis, non-cognitive factors such as personality traits may act as "substitution" resources for educational outcomes of children from less privileged families. Yet, the compensatory role of personality traits as substitution resources in children's mental health has received limited attention, including that of migrant children...

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The COVID-19 pandemic and associated countermeasures had an immensely disruptive impact on people's lives. Due to the lack of systematic pre-pandemic data, however, it is still unclear how individuals' psychological health has been affected across this incisive event. In this study, we analyze longitudinal data from two healthy samples (N = 307) to provide quasi-longitudinal insight into the full trajectory of psychological burden before (baseline), during the first peak, and at a relative downturn of the COVID-19 pandemic...