Central sleep apnea

Objective: To study the relationship between children's birth weight and obstructive sleep apnea（OSA）. Methods: The sleep data and birth information of children who underwent polysomnography in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery of Henan Children's Hospital from October 2020 to July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The data of OSA detection rate, OSA severity, sleep structure and respiratory parameters in different birth weight groups were analyzed. Results: A total of 2 778 children met the inclusion criteria, including 1 833 males and 945 females...

STUDY OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to discern distinguishing characteristics of sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD) in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury (CSCI) compared to able-bodied participants (non-CSCI). Additionally, the study investigates factors associated with SRBD severity. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional analysis of 123 able-bodied individuals, 40 tetraplegics, and 48 paraplegics, who underwent attended or partially supervised full polysomnography, for suspected SRBD, in a rehabilitation center...

OBJECTIVES: Chiari type 1 malformation (CM1) may occasionally lead to central sleep apnea (CSA). We studied, in a large clinical cohort of pediatric CM1 patients, the effect of CM1 on breathing during sleep. METHODS: This is a retrospective single pediatric pulmonology center study with a systematic evaluation of pediatric CM1 patients under age 18 with polysomnography (PSG) during 2008-2020. Children with syndromes were excluded. All patients had undergone head and spine magnetic resonance imaging...

BACKGROUND: This study investigated the association of sex with cardiovascular outcomes in a prospective cohort of patients with heart failure (HF) with obstructive sleep apnea or central sleep apnea. METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients were screened for sleep apnea on admission using multichannel cardiopulmonary monitoring from May 2015 to July 2018. The primary outcome was a composite of cardiovascular death or unplanned hospitalization for worsening HF. Ultimately, 453 patients with HF with obstructive sleep apnea or central sleep apnea were included; 71 (15...

Background : We retrospectively investigated the effects of the severity and classification of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) on left ventricular (LV) function in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods : A total of 115 patients with STEMIs underwent a sleep study using a multichannel frontopolar electroencephalography recording device (Sleep Profiler) one week after STEMI onset. We evaluated LV global longitudinal strain (LV-GLS) using two-dimensional echocardiography at one week and seven months...

OBJECTIVE: The primary objective is to explore what causes slow-wave sleep loss in elderly patients with epilepsy. The secondary objective is to identify the PSG characteristics in elderly patients with epilepsy. The clinical demographics, sleep architecture, sleep-related events, and interictal epileptiform discharges are to be evaluated in the objectives. METHODS: The video electroencephalography (VEEG) and polysomnogram (PSG) data from 44 elderly patients with epilepsy and 52 elderly patients with sleep disorders but without definite central nervous system diseases were analysed...

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Retinal microvascular pathology (RMP) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are both cardiovascular disease risk factors. Limited data exists on their interrelationship. We tested the hypotheses that OSA and nocturnal hypoxemia would be associated with RMP and vessel calibers. METHODS: We conducted a quasi-cross-sectional analysis of 1625 participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Sleep Heart Health Study. Participants completed in-home polysomnography monitoring (1996-1998) and were categorized by OSA severity (apnea-hypopnea index: <5, 5-14...

OBJECTIVE: With the recent addition of airflow and respiratory effort channels, our group has observed central and mixed apnea events during drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE). We measured the frequency and timing of sentinel central and/or mixed events (SCents), as well as assessed for differences in velum, oropharynx, tongue, and epiglottis (VOTE) classification compared to obstructive events. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective single-cohort study. SETTING: Tertiary Care Academic Medical Center...

INTRODUCTION: Weight loss is recommended for individuals with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and overweight or obesity, but there is limited evidence to guide the selection of weight management strategies for patients who do not lose sufficient weight with diet and lifestyle changes. We evaluated the relationship between weight loss caused by pharmacologic or surgical interventions and subsequent improvement in OSA by the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). METHODS: PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, and EMBASE were searched for randomized trials comparing pharmacologic or surgical obesity interventions to usual care, placebo, or no treatment in adults with OSA...

OBJECTIVE: Summarize the evidence on drug therapies for obstructive sleep apnea. METHODS: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, LILACS, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched on February 17th, 2023. A search strategy retrieved randomized clinical trials comparing the Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) in pharmacotherapies...

Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a ubiquitous neuro-modulator-transmitter that acts in the central nervous system, playing a major role in the control of breathing and other physiological functions. The midbrain, pons, and medulla regions contain several serotonergic nuclei with distinct physiological roles, including regulating the hypercapnic ventilatory response, upper airway patency, and sleep-wake states. Obesity is a major risk factor in the development of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), recurrent closure of the upper airway during sleep, and obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS), a condition characterized by daytime hypercapnia and hypoventilation during sleep...

BACKGROUND: Detection of mandibular range of motion variations in infants may allow for early diagnosis of pathologic conditions to the temporomandibular joint. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the normal ranges for maximal mouth opening (MMO) in healthy infants under 12 months of age. STUDY DESIGN, SETTING, SAMPLE: A single-group prospective cohort study of consecutive patients below 12 months of age was conducted in an outpatient setting at the Florida Craniofacial Institute in Tampa, Florida...

Medication-induced central sleep apnea (CSA) is one of the 8 categories of causes of CSA but in the absence of awareness and careful history may be misclassified as primary CSA. While opioids are a well-known cause of respiratory depression and CSA, non-opioids medications including sodium oxybate, baclofen, valproic acid, gabapentin and ticagrelor are less well-recognized. Opioids-induced respiratory depression and CSA are mediated primarily by µ-opioid receptors, which are abundant in the pontomedullary centers involved in breathing...

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with an increased risk of diabetes-related complications. Hence, it is plausible that Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) could have a favorable impact on these complications. To assess the feasibility of conducting a randomized control trial (RCT) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and OSA over 2 years. METHODS: An open-label multicenter feasibility RCT of CPAP vs no CPAP in patients with T2D and OSA...

PURPOSE: To investigate the prevalence of treatment-emergent central sleep apnea (TECSA) in individuals with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) during continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) titration and assess their polysomnographic characteristics. METHODS: A total of 116 patients with OSAS who underwent full-night CPAP titration at the Sleep Laboratory of Adana City Research and Education Hospital from September 2017 to January 2018 were recruited for the study...

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common respiratory disorder. Multiple organs, especially the central nervous system (CNS), are damaged, and dysfunctional when intermittent hypoxia (IH) occurs during sleep for a long time. The quality of life of individuals with OSA is significantly impacted by cognitive decline, which also escalates the financial strain on their families. Consequently, the development of novel therapies becomes imperative. IH induces oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, iron deposition, and neuroinflammation in neurons...

OBJECTIVE: Upper airway stimulation (UAS) is a treatment option for obstructive sleep apnea in which electrical stimulation is applied to the hypoglossal nerve. Nerve branches that control tongue protrusion are located inferiorly. Due to positioning, left-sided implants are typically placed with an inferiorly oriented electrode cuff (L-down) as opposed to superiorly on the right (R-up). In this study, we assess the impact of left- versus right-sided UAS on patient outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study...

BACKGROUND: Identifying venous thromboembolism (VTE) is challenging for patients with cardiovascular diseases due to similar clinical presentation. Most hospital-acquired VTE events are preventable, whereas the implementation of VTE prophylaxis in clinical practice is far from sufficient. There is a lack of hospital-acquired VTE prediction models tailored specifically designed for patients with cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to develop a nomogram predicting hospital-acquired VTE specifically for patients with cardiovascular diseases...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), condylar and mandibular movements in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients treated with mandibular advancement device (MAD) and to identify the influence of these anatomic factors on upper airway (UA) volume and polysomnographic outcomes after treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty OSA patients were prospectively treated with MAD. Clinical examinations, cone-beam computed tomography, and polysomnography were performed before MAD treatment and after achieving therapeutic protrusion...

Intermittent hypoxia (IH) is a central characteristic of sleep apnea syndrome (SAS), and it subjects cells in the body to repetitive apnea, chronic hypoxia, oxygen desaturation, and hypercapnia. Since SAS is linked to various serious cardiovascular complications, especially hypertension, many studies have been conducted to elucidate the mechanism of hypertension induced by SAS/IH. Hypertension in SAS is associated with numerous cardiovascular disorders. As hypertension is the most common complication of SAS, cell and animal models to study SAS/IH have developed and provided lots of hints for elucidating the molecular mechanisms of hypertension induced by IH...