Upper gi bleeding

Blood transfusion practices for acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage have changed over time. Restrictive strategies, which gave way to more liberal approaches for the greater part of the 20th century, have again gained traction as emerging research suggests restricting transfusion is associated with similar, or possibly better outcomes in UGI bleeding. In a large, retrospective cohort study from an integrated health care system in Taiwan, Chen, et al., report the association between early blood transfusion and clinical outcomes in patients presenting to the emergency department with UGI bleeding, and these findings are discussed in the context of current knowledge and practice...

Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding remains an important emergency condition, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. As endoscopic therapy is the 'gold standard' of management, treatment of these patients can be considered in three stages: pre-endoscopic treatment, endoscopic haemostasis and post-endoscopic management. Since publication of the Asia-Pacific consensus on non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB) 7 years ago, there have been significant advancements in the clinical management of patients in all three stages...

Background/Aims: The clinical outcomes of angiography and transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) for acute gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) have not been completely assessed, especially according to bleeding sites. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of angiography and safety of TAE in acute GIB. Methods: This was a retrospective study evaluating the records of 321 patients with acute GIB who underwent angiography with or without TAE. Targeted TAE was conducted in 134 patients, in whom angiography showed bleeding sources...

End stage renal disease (ESRD) population account for 1.9 per patient year of hospital admissions annually. ESRD population are at increased risk of bleeding secondary to use of anticoagulation during hemodialysis and uremia induced platelet dysfunction. Gastrointestinal bleeding accounts for 3-7% of all deaths in ESRD population. Lower gastrointestinal bleeding refers to blood loss from a site in the gastrointestinal tract distal to the ligament of Treitz. It is usually suspected when a patient complains of hematochezia...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB) is bleeding that develops in the oesophagus, stomach or proximal duodenum. Peptic ulcers, caused by Helicobacter pylori infection or use of NSAIDs and low-dose aspirin (LDA), are the most common cause. Although the incidence and mortality associated with NVUGIB have been decreasing owing to considerable advances in the prevention and management of NVUGIB over the past 20 years, it remains a common clinical problem with an annual incidence of ∼67 per 100,000 individuals in the United States in 2012...

PURPOSE: To investigate the outcomes of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) for the treatment of peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective, multicenter study, which investigated all patients who underwent TAE for the treatment of severe upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage from peptic ulcers in five European centers, between January 1, 2012 and May 1, 2017. All patients had undergone failed endoscopic hemostasis. Forty-four patients (male; mean age 74...

BACKGROUND: Survival rates for upper gastrointestinal (GI) cancer are poor since many are diagnosed at advanced stages. Fast track endoscopy has been introduced to prompt diagnosis for patients with alarm symptoms that could be indicative of upper GI cancer. However, these symptoms may represent benign conditions and little is known about the predictive values of alarm symptoms of upper GI cancer in the general population. METHODS: The study is a nationwide cohort study of 60,562 individuals aged 45 years or above randomly selected from the Danish general population...

Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) affects large number of elderly with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Early identification and management of the factors predicting in-hospital mortality might decrease mortality. This study was conducted to identify the causes of acute UGIB and the predictors of in-hospital mortality in elderly Egyptian patients.286 elderly patients with acute UGIB were divided into: bleeding variceal group (161 patients) and bleeding nonvariceal group (125 patients). Patients' monitoring was done during hospitalization to identify the risk factors that might predict in-hospital mortality in elderly...

A 71-year-old male presented to our institution with cholestatic hepatitis after having recently undergone upper endoscopy for treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding. Further investigation with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography revealed a hemostatic clip on the ampulla of Vater. After initial attempts at cannulation of the common bile duct were unsuccessful, biliary decompression was achieved by use of needle-knife fistulotomy. A common bile duct stent was placed and the liver function tests improved prior to discharge...

Introduction: The hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), being the commonest primary cancer, holds the sixth slot in the list of common cancers worldwide. Thrombotic complications in the form of portal vein tumour thrombosis (PVTT) and bland portal vein thrombosis with HCC are common with a bad prognosis. Aim: The study aims to determine the demographic, clinical, and biochemical parameters of HCC patients. The study also compares the clinical and biochemical parameters among patients having HCC with and without thrombotic complication...

Background/Aims: Patients with simultaneous upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have higher mortality than patients with either GIB or AMI. We aimed to assess the incidence and risk factors of in-hospital mortality in patients with UGIB and AMI. Patients and Methods: A total of 243 patients with UGIB and AMI were enrolled during 2012-2017. Clinical and laboratory data were collected and analyzed for clinical characteristics and potential risk factors of in-hospital mortality...

A 67-year-old male presented with acute pancreatitis secondary to gallstones, also known as acute biliary pancreatitis, and subsequently developed gastric outlet obstruction and was transferred to our hospital. A gastro-jejunal feeding tube was placed and an open cholecystectomy was performed. The patient had a pancreatic drain placed for interval increase in pancreatic necrosis and then nearly exsanguinated from gastroduodenal artery pseudoaneurysm bleed. This was managed by coiling the gastroduodenal artery...

Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, which has several clinical manifestation and origins, is known as one of the most life-threatening events in children. Several etiologies have been suggested for GI bleeding. Objective: To determine the most important causes of GI bleeding in children referred to Ghaem Hospital and Dr. Sheikh Hospital, Mashhad, Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, after obtaining written informed consent of their parents, 113 patients aging from newborn infants to 18-year-old children with GI bleeding admitted to Ghaem Hospital and Dr...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Endoscopic cryotherapy can eradicate neoplastic Barrett's esophagus (BE). A new contact cryoballoon focal ablation system (CbFAS)) freezes esophageal mucosa with nitrous oxide. We studied the safety and efficacy of CbFAS for complete eradication of neoplastic Barrett's esophagus. METHODS: In a prospective clinical trial, consecutive BE patients with confirmed neoplasia (low-grade dysplasia LGD, high-grade dysplasia HGD, and/or intramucosal adenocarcinoma ImCA), at least 1 cm of BE, with or without prior ablation, were treated with a dose 10 seconds of spray per site...

Upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeds are a common presentation to emergency departments in the UK. The Glasgow Blatchford score (GBS) predicts the outcome of patients at presentation. Current UK and European guidelines recommend outpatient management for a GBS of 0. In the current study, our aim was to assess whether extending the GBS allows for early discharge while maintaining patient safety. We also analysed whether pathologies could be missed by discharging patients too early. Data were retrospectively collected on patients admitted with symptoms of an upper GI bleed between 1 October 2013 and 10 June 2016...

Hepatic artery pseudoaneurysms are a rare cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding with a high mortality rate. We report a case of a 37-year-old woman who presented with massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage and was found to have an arterioenteric fistula from a hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed a 1.5-cm ulcer overlying a large mucosal bulge that compressed the lumen of the duodenal bulb. A vascular stent graft was placed successfully over the pseudoaneurysm neck. We report the first case of the unique intraluminal appearance of an enteric fistula related to a hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm...

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Angioectasias (AD) belong to benign vascular malformations of the gastrointestinal tract and are responsible for about 4-7% of upper non variceal bleeding, 30-40% of small bowel occult bleeding and 3-40% of colonic bleeding episodes. Gastrointestinal haemorrhage secondary to AD represents an important diagnostic and therapeutic problem that negatively impacts on the quality of life of patients and heath care costs. Endoscopic interventions are the mainstay in both diagnosis and treatment of vascular malformations...