Effat Noori, Nader Hashemi, Delsuz Rezaee, Reza Maleki, Forough Shams, Bahram Kazemi, Mojgan Bandepour, Fardin Rahimi
Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune enteropathy and multifactorial disease caused by inappropriate immune responses to gluten in the small intestine. Weight loss, anemia, osteoporosis, arthritis, and hepatitis are among the extraintestinal manifestations of active CD. Currently, a strict lifelong gluten-free diet (GFD) is the only safe, effective, and available treatment. Despite the social burden, high expenses, and challenges of following a GFD, 2 to 5 percent of patients do not demonstrate clinical or pathophysiological improvement...
April 11, 2024: International Immunopharmacology