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Keywords Irradiation or radiotherapy an...

Irradiation or radiotherapy and immune

https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519913/an-international-phase-ii-trial-and-immune-profiling-of-sbrt-and-atezolizumab-in-advanced-pretreated-colorectal-cancer
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Antonin Levy, Daphné Morel, Matthieu Texier, Roger Sun, Jerome Durand-Labrunie, Maria E Rodriguez-Ruiz, Severine Racadot, Stéphane Supiot, Nicolas Magné, Stacy Cyrille, Guillaume Louvel, Christophe Massard, Loic Verlingue, Fanny Bouquet, Alberto Bustillos, Lisa Bouarroudj, Clément Quevrin, Céline Clémenson, Michele Mondini, Lydia Meziani, Lambros Tselikas, Rastilav Bahleda, Antoine Hollebecque, Eric Deutsch
BACKGROUND: Immuno-radiotherapy may improve outcomes for patients with advanced solid tumors, although optimized combination modalities remain unclear. Here, we report the colorectal (CRC) cohort analysis from the SABR-PDL1 trial that evaluated the PD-L1 inhibitor atezolizumab in combination with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in advanced cancer patients. METHODS: Eligible patients received atezolizumab 1200 mg every 3 weeks until progression or unmanageable toxicity, together with ablative SBRT delivered concurrently with the 2nd cycle (recommended dose of 45 Gy in 3 fractions, adapted upon normal tissue tolerance constraint)...
March 23, 2024: Molecular Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38504563/optimal-indications-of-radioimmunotherapy-in-nuclear-medicine-a-mini-review
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nasim Vahidfar, Hojjat Ahmadzadehfar, Saeed Farzanefar, Mehrshad Abbasi, Yalda Salehi, Fateme Saboktakin, Mahsa Jahanbin, Mohsen Bakhshi Kashi, Elisabeth Eppard, Hans Jürgen Biersack
Immunotherapy has emerged as a very considerable and potent therapeutic method in which immune inhibitors have gained a lot of attention in the curative field of various cancers. Under certain circumstances, when radiotherapy is accompanied by immunotherapy, the efficacy of the therapeutic procedure increases. Irradiated tumor cells follow a pathway called immunogenic cell death, which targets tumor associated antigens. The application of radiolabeled antibodies under the concept of "radioimmunotherapy" (RIT) makes the synergistic targeted therapeutic effect possible...
March 19, 2024: Current Radiopharmaceuticals
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38498459/oncolytic-vaccinia-virus-immunotherapy-antagonizes-image-guided-radiotherapy-in-mouse-mammary-tumor-models
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brittany A Umer, Ryan S Noyce, Quinten Kieser, Nicole A Favis, Mira M Shenouda, Kim J Rans, Jackie Middleton, Mary M Hitt, David H Evans
Ionizing radiation (IR) and oncolytic viruses are both used to treat cancer, and the effectiveness of both agents depends upon stimulating an immune response against the tumor. In this study we tested whether combining image guided ionizing radiation (IG-IR) with an oncolytic vaccinia virus (VACV) could yield a better therapeutic response than either treatment alone. ΔF4LΔJ2R VACV grew well on irradiated human and mouse breast cancer cells, and the virus can be combined with 4 or 8 Gy of IR to kill cells in an additive or weakly synergistic manner...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492845/combined-photothermal-therapy-and-cancer-immunotherapy-by-immunogenic-hollow-mesoporous-silicon-shelled-gold-nanorods
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Keyue Cao, Yao Zhou, Ying Shen, Yifei Wang, Haiqin Huang, Hongyan Zhu
Hyperthermia can be integrated with tumor-killing chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy to give rise to an anti-tumor response. To this end, a nano-delivery system is built, which can connect hyperthermia and immunotherapy. On this basis, the impact of such a combination on the immune function of dendritic cells (DCs) is explored. The core of this system is the photothermal material gold nanorod (GNR), and its surface is covered with a silica shell. Additionally, it also forms a hollow mesoporous structure using the thermal etching approach, followed by modification of targeted molecule folic acid (FA) on its surface, and eventually forms a hollow mesoporous silica gold nanorod (GNR@void@mSiO2) modified by FA...
March 14, 2024: Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38474078/carbon-ion-irradiation-activates-anti-cancer-immunity
#5
REVIEW
Makoto Sudo, Hiroko Tsutsui, Jiro Fujimoto
Carbon ion beams have the unique property of higher linear energy transfer, which causes clustered damage of DNA, impacting the cell repair system. This sometimes triggers apoptosis and the release in the cytoplasm of damaged DNA, leading to type I interferon (IFN) secretion via the activation of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes pathway. Dendritic cells phagocytize dead cancer cells and damaged DNA derived from injured cancer cells, which together activate dendritic cells to present cancer-derived antigens to antigen-specific T cells in the lymph nodes...
February 29, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38471364/foxa1-driven-pathways-exacerbate-radiotherapy-induced-kidney-injury-in-colorectal-cancer
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Minhai Zhang, Jingyuan Yang, Guodong Liang, Huiqiong Yuan, Yanni Wu, Li Li, Tao Yu, Yuling Zhang, Jingfeng Wang
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the role of FOXA1 in acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by radiotherapy in colorectal cancer. Although FOXA1 is known to be aberrantly expressed in malignant tumors, its contribution to AKI remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the involvement of FOXA1 in AKI induced by radiotherapy in colorectal cancer and its influence on the regulation of downstream target genes. METHODS: Firstly, a transcriptome analysis was performed on mice to establish a radiation-induced AKI model, and qPCR was used to determine the expression of FOXA1 in renal cell injury models induced by X-ray irradiation...
March 11, 2024: International Immunopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38466699/early-effects-of-different-brain-radiotherapy-modalities-on-circulating-leucocyte-subpopulations-in-rodents
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thao-Nguyen Pham, Julie Coupey, Jérôme Toutain, Serge M Candéias, Gaël Simonin, Marc Rousseau, Omar Touzani, Juliette Thariat, Samuel Valable
PURPOSES: Lymphopenia is extensively studied, but not circulating leucocyte subpopulations, which however have distinct roles in tumor tolerance. Proton therapy has been shown to have a lesser impact on the immune system than conventional X-ray radiotherapy through lower dose exposure to healthy tissues. We explored the differential effects of brain X-ray and proton irradiation on circulating leucocyte subpopulations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Leucocyte subpopulation counts from tumor-free mice were obtained 12 hours after 4 fractions of 2...
March 11, 2024: International Journal of Radiation Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38454614/microglia-and-glioblastoma-heterocellular-interplay-sustains-tumour-growth-and-proliferation-as-an-off-target-effect-of-radiotherapy
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cristiana Alberghina, Filippo Torrisi, Simona D'Aprile, Lucia Longhitano, Sebastiano Giallongo, Grazia Scandura, Giuliana Mannino, Stefania Mele, Maria Gabriella Sabini, Francesco P Cammarata, Giorgio Russo, Ali S Abdelhameed, Agata Zappalà, Debora Lo Furno, Rosario Giuffrida, Giovanni Li Volti, Daniele Tibullo, Nunzio Vicario, Rosalba Parenti
Glioblastoma (GBM), a WHO grade IV glioma, is a malignant primary brain tumour for which combination of surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy is the first-line approach despite adverse effects. Tumour microenvironment (TME) is characterized by an interplay of cells and soluble factors holding a critical role in neoplastic development. Significant pathophysiological changes have been found in GBM TME, such as glia activation and oxidative stress. Microglia play a crucial role in favouring GBM growth, representing target cells of immune escape mechanisms...
March 7, 2024: Cell Proliferation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38453539/proton-therapy-induces-a-local-microglial-neuroimmune-response
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniëlle C Voshart, Myrthe Klaver, Yuting Jiang, Hilmar R J van Weering, Fleur van Buuren-Broek, Gideon P van der Linden, Davide Cinat, Harry H Kiewiet, Justin Malimban, Daniel A Vazquez-Matias, Luiza Reali Nazario, Ayla C Scholma, Jeffrey Sewdihal, Marc-Jan van Goethem, Peter van Luijk, Rob P Coppes, Lara Barazzuol
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although proton therapy is increasingly being used in the treatment of paediatric and adult brain tumours, there are still uncertainties surrounding the biological effect of protons on the normal brain. Microglia, the brain-resident macrophages, have been shown to play a role in the development of radiation-induced neurotoxicity. However, their molecular and hence functional response to proton irradiation remains unknown. This study investigates the effect of protons on microglia by comparing the effect of photons and protons as well as the influence of age and different irradiated volumes...
March 1, 2024: Radiotherapy and Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38445113/anesthetic-challenges-for-a-pediatric-leukemia-patient-undergoing-total-body-irradiation-tbi-a-case-report
#10
Mohsin N Butt, Nazia Shamim, Asma Faraz
Radiotherapy of the whole body is called total body irradiation (TBI). It is a well-established component of conditioning regimens before stem cell transplantation in juvenile leukemia. The patient was a three-year-old child with a diagnosis of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and planned for stem cell transplantation. He was given TBI under anesthesia for three consecutive days prior to the bone marrow transplantation under general anesthesia. The important concerns were related to neutropenia/immune suppression, parental consent for repeated anesthesia, nothing per oral guidelines for the TBI treatment, the possibility of high-grade fever, high chance of respiratory tract infections with repeated anesthesia exposure, etc...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38442137/kaplan-lecture-2023-lymphopenia-in-particle-therapy
#11
REVIEW
Marco Durante
PURPOSE: Lymphopenia is now generally recognized as a negative prognostic factor in radiotherapy. Already at the beginning of the century we demonstrated that high-energy carbon ions induce less damage to the lymphocytes of radiotherapy patients than X-rays, even if heavy ions are more effective per unit dose in the induction of chromosomal aberrations in blood cells irradiated ex-vivo. The explanation was based on the volume effect, i.e. the sparing of larger volumes of normal tissue in Bragg peak therapy...
March 5, 2024: International Journal of Radiation Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38430868/reconciling-the-discrepancies-in-randomized-data-of-combining-immunotherapy-and-radiation-therapy-not-all-radiotherapy-is-created-equal
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joe Y Chang, Vivek Verma, Ralph R Weichselbaum
It remains highly unclear and debatable whether combining radiotherapy (RT) and immune checkpoint blocker (ICB) therapy yields improved outcomes compared to either modality alone. Whereas some randomized data have shown improved outcomes, others have not. As a result of these conflicting data, it is essential to reconcile differences in the data and postulate reasons thereof. This work seeks to address these discrepancies, and uses the lessons learned from both positive and negative trials, including the most cutting-edge data available, in order to guide future clinical trial design and clarify the ideal/expected role of combinatorial therapy going forward...
February 28, 2024: European Journal of Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38430241/neutrophils-seeking-new-neighbors-radiotherapy-affects-the-cellular-framework-and-the-spatial-organization-in-a-murine-breast-cancer-model
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
C M Reichardt, M Muñoz-Becerra, A Rius Rigau, M Rückert, R Fietkau, G Schett, U S Gaipl, B Frey, L E Muñoz
Neutrophils are known to contribute in many aspects of tumor progression and metastasis. The presence of neutrophils or neutrophil-derived mediators in the tumor microenvironment has been associated with poor prognosis in several types of solid tumors. However, the effects of classical cancer treatments such as radiation therapy on neutrophils are poorly understood. Furthermore, the cellular composition and distribution of immune cells in the tumor is of increasing interest in cancer research and new imaging technologies allow to perform more complex spatial analyses within tumor tissues...
March 2, 2024: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy: CII
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38427437/radiotherapy-enhances-metastasis-through-immune-suppression-by-inducing-pd-l1-and-mdsc-in-distal-sites
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuzhu Hou, Kaiting Yang, Liangliang Wang, Jiaai Wang, Xiaona Huang, Andras Piffko, Sean Z Luo, Xinshuang Yu, Enyu Rao, Carlos Martinez, Jason Bugno, Matthias Mack, Everett E Vokes, Sean P Pitroda, Steven J Chmura, Ralph R Weichselbaum, Hua Laura Liang
PURPOSE: Radiotherapy (RT) is a widely employed anti-cancer treatment. Emerging evidence suggests that RT can elicit both tumor-inhibiting and tumor-promoting immune effects. This study is to investigate immune suppressive factors of radiotherapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We used a heterologous two-tumor model in which adaptive concomitant immunity was eliminated. RESULTS: Through analysis of PD-L1 expression and MDSC frequencies using patient PBMC and murine two-tumor and metastasis model, we report that local irradiation can induce a systemic increase in MDSCs, as well as PD-L1 expression on DCs and myeloid cells, and thereby increase the potential for metastatic dissemination in distal, non-irradiated tissue...
March 1, 2024: Clinical Cancer Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38415529/effect-of-radiotherapy-on-activating-the-pyroptotic-cell-death-pathway-in-breast-cancer-patients-the-role-of-serum-gsdmd-ct-nlrp3-and-il-18
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Taha I Mahmoud Hewala, Sanaa A El-Benhawy, Yasmine Nagy Elwany, Hossam Ellmasry, Ayman Elrhawy
BACKGROUND: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common form of cancer among women and the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Several malignancies can be successfully treated with radiation (RT), although radioresistance is still a major contributor to radiotherapy failure. Ionizing radiation (IR) induces pyroptosis in cancer cells. Pyroptosis is a designed method of death connected to routine immunity and directly related to the body ROS content. Objective for the study: The aim of this work was to investigate the role of serum GSDMD-CT, nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich-repeat-containing family pyrin 3 (NLRP3) and IL-18 as predictors of pyroptotic cell death mechanism induced by radiotherapy in breast cancer patients...
February 1, 2024: Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention: APJCP
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38394349/neoplasia-related-and-treatment-induced-lymphopenia-impact-on-the-outcome-of-chemoradiotherapy-in-laryngeal-cancer
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ioannis M Koukourakis, Anastasia G Gkegka, Alexandra Giatromanolaki, Michael I Koukourakis
INTRODUCTION: The role of the immune system in the efficacy of radiotherapy (RT) has been well established. We examined the role of neoplasia-related and treatment-induced lymphopenia in the outcome of RT or chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in squamous cell laryngeal cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed a series of 135 laryngeal carcinomas treated with radical or postoperative RT/CRT. Six lymphocyte-related variables were defined and examined: i. lymphocyte counts (LCs) before a brief course of induction chemotherapy, ii...
February 23, 2024: International Journal of Radiation Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38379323/carbon-ion-irradiation-exerts-antitumor-activity-by-inducing-cgas-sting-activation-and-immune-response-in-prostate-cancer-bearing-mice
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wei Hu, Zhenshan Zhang, Yushan Xue, Renli Ning, Xiaomao Guo, Yun Sun, Qing Zhang
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: As an advanced radiotherapy technique, carbon ion radiotherapy has demonstrated good efficacy and low toxicity for prostate cancer patients, but the radiobiological mechanism of killing tumor cells has not been fully elucidated. This study aims to explore the antitumor effects of carbon ion irradiation (CIR) through investigating the immune response induced by CIR in prostate cancer-bearing mice and the underlying molecular mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We established subcutaneous transplantation tumor models of prostate cancer to evaluate the tumor inhibition effect of CIR...
January 2024: Cancer Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38374496/molecular-panorama-of-therapy-resistance-in-prostate-cancer-a-pre-clinical-and-bioinformatics-analysis-for-clinical-translation
#18
REVIEW
Milad Ashrafizadeh, Wei Zhang, Yu Tian, Gautam Sethi, Xianbin Zhang, Aiming Qiu
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a malignant disorder of prostate gland being asymptomatic in early stages and high metastatic potential in advanced stages. The chemotherapy and surgical resection have provided favourable prognosis of PCa patients, but advanced and aggressive forms of PCa including CRPC and AVPC lack response to therapy properly, and therefore, prognosis of patients is deteriorated. At the advanced stages, PCa cells do not respond to chemotherapy and radiotherapy in a satisfactory level, and therefore, therapy resistance is emerged...
February 19, 2024: Cancer Metastasis Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38369466/senescent-fibroblast-facilitates-re-epithelization-and-collagen-deposition-in-radiation-induced-skin-injury-through-il-33-mediated-macrophage-polarization
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yan Chen, Le Ma, Zhuo Cheng, Zhihe Hu, Yang Xu, Jie Wu, Yali Dai, Chunmeng Shi
BACKGROUND: The need for radiotherapy among the elderly rises with increasing life expectancy and a corresponding increase of elderly cancer patients. Radiation-induced skin injury is one of the most frequent adverse effects in radiotherapy patients, severely limiting their life quality. Re-epithelialization and collagen deposition have essential roles in the recovery of skin injuries induced by high doses of ionizing radiation. At the same time, radiation-induced senescent cells accumulate in irradiated tissues...
February 18, 2024: Journal of Translational Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38364946/usp11-exacerbates-radiation-induced-pneumonitis-by-activating-endothelial-cell-inflammatory-response-via-otud5-sting-signaling
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yiting Tang, Tingya Wang, Liming Gu, Ying Xu, Zhao Yang, Wei Zhu, Qi Zhang, Judong Luo, Jianping Cao, Yang Jiao
PURPOSE: Radiation induced pneumonitis (RIP) seriously limits the application of radiotherapy in the treatment of thoracic tumors, and its etiology and pathogenesis remain elusive. This study aims to elucidate the role of Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 11 (USP11) in the progression of RIP and the associated underlying mechanisms. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The changes of cytokines and infiltrated immune cells were detected by ELISA and IHC after exposed to 20 Gy X-ray with whole thorax irradiation...
February 14, 2024: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
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