fracture prevention

BACKGROUND: Capacitively coupling electric fields (CCEF) is a method of non-invasive biophysical stimulation that enhances fracture repair and spinal fusion. This multicentre randomized controlled trial aimed to further examine the roles of CCEF in (1) the resolution of vertebral bone marrow oedema (VBME) using a follow-up MRI study and (2) pain relief, analgesic drug consumption and quality of life improvement in stimulated patients who were referred with acute vertebral fragility fractures (VFFs) compared to non-stimulated patients...

Bacterial infection remains a significant problem associated with orthopaedic surgeries leading to surgical site infection (SSI). This unmet medical need can become an even greater complication when surgery is due to malignant bone tumor. In the present study, we evaluated in vitro titanium (Ti) implants subjected to gallium (Ga) and silver (Ag)-doped thermochemical treatment as strategy to prevent SSI and improve osteointegration in bone defects caused by diseases such as osteoporosis, bone tumor, or bone metastasis...

BACKGROUND: Spinal anesthesia is used for femoral trochanteric fracture surgery, but frequently induces hypotension and the causative factors remain unclear. We examined background factors for the use of an intraoperative vasopressor in elderly patients receiving spinal anesthesia for femoral trochanteric fracture surgery. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 203 patients >75 years (mean age, 87.9 years) with femoral trochanteric fractures who underwent short nail fixation under orthopedically managed spinal anesthesia at our hospital between April 2020 and July 2023...

Many patients with rheumatologic conditions receive care from physicians other than rheumatologists. Here we note key findings from 6 studies in rheumatology published in 2023 that offer valuable insights for internal medicine specialists and subspecialists outside of rheumatology. The first study investigated the effect of low-dose glucocorticoids on patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) over 2 years and challenged existing perceptions about the risks of glucocorticoids in this setting. The second study focused on the updated guideline for preventing and treating glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis...

UNLABELLED: Osteoporosis treatment following arthroplasty for femoral neck fracture (FNF) is associated with lower rates of periprosthetic fracture (PPF). Our study evaluated the economic viability of treatment in patients following arthroplasty and demonstrates that treatment with oral bisphosphonates can be cost-effective in preventing PPF. INTRODUCTION: Osteoporosis treatment following arthroplasty for femoral neck fracture (FNF) is associated with lower rates of periprosthetic fracture (PPF)...

BACKGROUND: comprehensive medication management (CMM) can reduce medication-related risks of falling. However, knowledge about inter-individual treatment effects and patient-related barriers remains scarce. OBJECTIVE: to gain in-depth insights into how geriatric patients who have fallen view their medication-related risks of falling and to identify effects and barriers of a CMM in preventing falls. DESIGN: complementary mixed-methods pre-post study, based on an embedded quasi-experimental model...

BACKGROUND: High-cost patients account for most healthcare costs and are highly heterogeneous. This study aims to classify high-cost patients into clinically homogeneous subgroups, describe healthcare utilization patterns of subgroups, and identify subgroups with relatively high preventable inpatient cost (PIC) in rural China. METHODS: A population-based retrospective study was performed using claims data in Xi County, Henan Province. 32,108 high-cost patients, representing the top 10% of individuals with the highest total spending, were identified...

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis, the silent epidemic, is defined as a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low mineral bone mass and micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue. Osteoporosis is considered a burden to global economic, social, and health development. Osteoporosis exerts a substantial global influence, markedly influencing rates of illness and death on a broad scale. Clinical features of osteoporosis can include chronic back pain, loss of height, and a stooped posture, as well as an increased risk of fractures in the spine, hip, and wrist...

Objective This study aims to analyze three different bonding protocol strategies in determining the fracture resistance on the reattachment of fragments in permanent anterior teeth. Methodology This study evaluated the ability of three bonding methods (Group A, total-etch technique; Group B, selective-etch technique; and Group C, self-etch technique) to enhance the fracture resistance of reattached tooth fragments. Sixty permanent maxillary central incisors were chosen, segmented at 3 mm from the incisal edge, and randomly distributed among the three groups...

Objective In light of several advancements and considerations in endodontic dentistry, there still remains a need to comprehensively evaluate the outcome disparities between repairing and replacing broken dental restorations. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of repairing dental restorations versus replacing them, focusing on how each method affects the structural strength and longevity of the restorations. Methods The study included 60 freshly removed human maxillary premolars. Initial processing involved rigorous washing, descaling, and polishing of the teeth...

Diaphyseal forearm fractures are typically treated with open reduction and plate fixation, which has been proven to be the most effective method in numerous trials. However, the risk of periosteal stripping, haemorrhage evacuation, nonunion, and infection is always present and may cause a delayed union and other surgical consequences. Although intramedullary nails have been mentioned in the literature for forearm bone fractures, issues regarding their common complication of nail migration, especially of the ulnar fracture, before the fracture has been consolidated is an issue, and has not been addressed...

Understanding the types, characteristics, and controlling factors of natural fractures in deep and ultradeep carbonates is crucial for evaluating reservoir quality, optimizing well deployment, and comprehending their impact on hydrocarbon exploitation. Multiple types of natural fractures are widespread in the deep carbonates of the Feixianguan Formation in the Puguang area, northeastern Sichuan Basin, China, and the main controlling factors are complex. Based on geological, geophysical, and experimental data, this study defined fracture types and analyzed the fracture development characteristics in the deep Feixianguan carbonates...

BACKGROUND: Hiking is one of the most popular leisure sport activities practiced in the Alps during the summer season, but bears the risk of mountain emergencies, accidents, and fatalities. This paper provides an updated analysis of hiking accidents for the years 2015 to 2021 in the Austrian Alps, thereby outlining fatal and non-fatal accident characteristics. METHODS: For this retrospective analysis, mountain hiking accidents documented by the Austrian Alpine Police during a 7-year period were screened for potential exclusion criteria...

Vitamin D is commonly used to prevent and treat osteoporosis, with studies indicating its potential to reduce fractures, falls, and mortality. However, meta-analyses present inconsistent findings regarding its efficacy, particularly reflecting significant variability in data and outcomes related to various dosing regimens. In this meta-analysis, we assessed the impact of high-dose intermittent oral administration of vitamin D3 on serum 25(OH)D levels, fractures, falls, and mortality among elderly individuals...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the cost-effectiveness of Fracture Liaison Service (FLS) compared to the standard of care for secondary prevention of fragility fractures form the perspective of the Catalan Health Service. METHODS: Cost-utility assessment through a Markov model that simulated disease progression of a patients' cohort candidates to initiate antiosteoporotic treatment after a fragility fracture. A time horizon of 10 years and a 6-month duration per cycle was established...

BACKGROUND Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a paraneoplastic syndrome caused by aberrant fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23)-producing tumors. Early surgical resection is the optimal strategy for preventing TIO progression. Thus, tumor localization is a priority for successful treatment. A simple and safe examination method to identify functional endocrine tumors is essential to achieve better outcomes in patients with TIO. CASE REPORT A 64-year-old Japanese man with recurrent fractures, hypophosphatemia, and elevated alkaline phosphatase and FGF-23 levels (109 pg/mL) was admitted to our university hospital and was diagnosed with FGF23-related hypophosphatemic osteomalacia...

Hip fracture is a common condition in older adults, leading to disability and mortality. Several studies have demonstrated the association between nutritional status and the risk of a negative health outcome after fractures. In this systematic review, we evaluated the association between malnutrition and mortality, changes in mobility/living arrangements, and postoperative complications, such as delirium, in older patients with hip fractures. A literature search on the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, up to September 2023, was conducted to identify all studies involving older subjects that reported an association between MNA/GNRI/PNI/CONUT and health outcome after hip fracture...

Solving the challenges facing the mining industry is crucial for shaping the global attitude towards clean energy technologies associated with critical minerals extracted from depth. One of these challenges is the well-known explosion-like fractures (rockbursts) or spalling failures associated with the initiation of internal cracks. To prevent such catastrophic failure, shotcrete, as a cement grout, is widely used in tunnel support applications. In areas where the tunnels are constructed within the limestone strata using tunnel boring machines (TBM), drilling, and/or blasting, millions of cubic meters of crushed limestone (CL) in powder form are extracted and landfilled as waste...

During the rice milling process, single and continuous compression occurs between brown rice and the processing parts. When the external load exceeds the yield limit of brown rice, brown rice kernels are damaged; with an increase in compression deformation or the extent of compression, the amount of damage to the kernels expands and accumulates, ultimately leading to the fracture and breakage of kernels. In order to investigate the mechanical compression damage characteristics of brown rice kernels under real-world working conditions, this study constructs an elastic-plastic compression model and a continuous damage model of brown rice kernels based on Hertz theory and continuous damage theory; the accuracy of this model is verified through experiments, and the relevant processing critical parameters are calculated...

Background : Among the risk factors for nonunion are unchangeable patient factors such as the type of injury and comorbidities, and factors that can be influenced by the surgeon such as fracture treatment and the postoperative course. While there are numerous studies analyzing unchangeable factors, there is poor evidence for factors that can be affected by the physician. This raises the need to fill the existing knowledge gaps and lay the foundations for future prevention and in-depth treatment strategies. Therefore, the goal of this study was to illuminate knowledge about nonunion in general and uncover the possible reasons for their development; Methods : This was a retrospective analysis of 327 patients from 2015 to 2020 from a level I trauma center in Germany...