anaerobic metabolism

This study focuses on isolated thermophilic Bacillus species' adaptability and physiological diversity, highlighting their ecological roles and potential industrial applications. We specifically investigated their capacity to thrive in extreme conditions by examining their environmental tolerances and adaptations at the metabolic and genetic levels. The primary objective is to evaluate the suitability of these species for biotechnological applications, considering their resilience in harsh environments. We conducted a comparative analysis of the environmental adaptability parameters for various Bacillus species...

Fulvic acid, prevalent in humus derived from the anaerobic digestion of kitchen wastewater, is crucial in organic matter transformation. However, its effects and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, the fate of anaerobic digestion of artificial and kitchen wastewater with different fulvic acid contents was investigated. The results showed that 125 mg/L fulvic acid resulted in a 64.02 and 51.72 % increase in methane production in synthetic and kitchen wastewater, respectively. Fulvic acid acted as an electron mediator and increased substrate oxidation by boosting NAD and ATP levels, thereby increasing microbial metabolic rates and ensuring an adequate substrate for methane generation...

Discharge of gas-rich brines fuels productive chemosynthetic ecosystems in the deep sea. In these salty, methanic and sulfidic brines, microbial communities adapt to specific niches along the physicochemical gradients. However, the molecular mechanisms that underpin these adaptations are not fully known. Using metagenomics, we investigated the dense (∼106  cell ml-1 ) microbial communities that occupy small deep-sea brine pools found in the Southeastern Mediterranean Sea (1150 m water depth, ∼22 °C, ∼60 PSU salinity, sulfide, methane, ammonia reaching millimolar levels, and oxygen usually depleted), reaching high productivity rates of 685 μg C L-1 d-1 ex-situ...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second-highest cause of cancer-associated mortality among both men and women worldwide. One of the risk factors for CRC is obesity, which is correlated with a high-fat diet prevalent in Western dietary habits. The association between an obesogenic high-fat diet and CRC has been established for several decades; however, the mechanisms by which a high-fat diet increases the risk of CRC remain unclear. Recent studies indicate that gut microbiota strongly influence the pathogenesis of both high-fat diet-induced obesity and CRC...

This article presents comprehensive data derived from lab-scale batch anaerobic digesters that were subjected to inhibition by various sources of ammonia. To counter this inhibition, zeolite was introduced into selected digesters. The provided dataset offers a detailed depiction of degradation performance dynamics over time, as well as insights into both microbial and metabolic changes during the inhibition. In detail, 10 conditions were tested in triplicate. In a first series of 15 bioreactors ammonia was introduced to achieve a TAN concentration of 8 g/L, utilizing NH3 solution, NH4 Cl salt, (NH4 )2 CO3 salt, or (NH4 )2 PO4 salt as inhibitors...

Anaerobic digestion in two sequential phases, acidogenesis and methanogenesis, has been shown to be beneficial for enhancing the biomethane generation from wastewater. In this work, the application of glycerol (GOH) as a fermentation co-substrate during the wastewater treatment was evaluated on the biodegradation of different pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs). GOH co-digestion during acidogenesis led to a significant increase in the biodegradation of acetaminophen (from 78 to 89%), ciprofloxacin (from 25 to 46%), naproxen (from 73 to 86%), diclofenac (from 36 to 48%), ibuprofen (from 65 to 88%), metoprolol (from 45 to 59%), methylparaben (from 64 to 78%) and propylparaben (from 68 to 74%)...

The presence of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) in stormwater treatment processes is a continuous challenge because of the intertwined nature of its decomposition, bioavailability, and biodegradability and its unclear molecular characteristics. In this paper, 21 tesla Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) in combination with quantitative polymerase chain reaction was applied to elucidate the molecular change of DON and microbial population dynamics in a field-scale water filtration system filled with two specialty adsorbents for comparison in South Florida where the dry and wet seasons are distinctive annually...

The main sources of redox gradients supporting high-productivity life in the Europan and other icy ocean world oceans were proposed to be photolytically derived oxidants, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) from the icy shell, and reductants (Fe(II), S(-II), CH4 , H2 ) from bottom waters reacting with a (ultra)mafic seafloor. Important roadblocks to maintaining life, however, are that the degree of ocean mixing to combine redox species is unknown, and ROS damage biomolecules. Here, we envisage a unique solution using an acid mine drainage (AMD)-filled pit lakes analog system for the Europan ocean, which previous models predicted to be acidic...

A new variant of Methanothermobacter wolfeii was isolated from an anaerobic digester using enrichment cultivation in anaerobic conditions. The new isolate was taxonomically identified via 16S rRNA gene sequencing and tagged as M. wolfeii BSEL. The whole genome of the new variant was sequenced and de novo assembled. Genomic variations between the BSEL strain and the type strain were discovered, suggesting evolutionary adaptations of the BSEL strain that conferred advantages while growing under a low concentration of nutrients...

OBJECTIVE: Chondrocytes, which typically rely on anaerobic metabolism, exhibit upregulated biosynthetic activity when subjected to conditions that elicit mixed aerobic-anaerobic metabolism. Previously, we observed that increasing media volume resulted in the transition from anaerobic to mixed aerobic-anaerobic metabolism. Maximal extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation occurred at this transition as a result of changes in HIF-1α signaling and associated hypoxic gene expression. This study aimed to explore the effect of further increases in media availability on ECM synthesis and chondrocyte metabolism...

OBJECTIVES: Acute lung injury is a critical complication of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). The gut microbiota and its metabolites play an important role in SAP development and may provide new targets for AP-associated lung injury. Based on the ability to reverse AP injury, we proposed that Clostridium butyricum may reduce the potential for AP-associated lung injury by modulating with intestinal microbiota and related metabolic pathways. METHODS: An AP disease model was established in mice and treated with C...

Microbial electrolysis cells (MEC) have the potential for enhancing the efficiency of anaerobic digestion (AD). In this study, microbiological and metabolic pathways in the biocathode of anaerobic digestion coupled with microbial electrolysis cells system (AD-MEC) were revealed to separate bioanode. The biocathode efficiently degraded 90 % propionate within 48 h, leading to a methane production rate of 3222 mL·m-2 ·d-1 . The protein and heme-rich cathodic biofilm enhanced redox capacity and facilitated interspecies electron transfer...

Microbial conversion of agri-food waste to valuable compounds offers a sustainable route to develop the bioeconomy and contribute to sustainable biorefinery. Clostridium tyrobutyricum displays a series of native traits suitable for high productivity conversion of agri-food waste, which make it a promising host for the production of various compounds, such as the short-chain fatty acids and their derivative esters products. In this study, a butanol synthetic pathway was constructed in C. tyrobutyricum , and then efficient butyl butyrate production through in situ esterification was achieved by the supplementation of lipase into the fermentation...

Largely removed from anthropogenic delivery of nitrogen (N), Antarctica has notably low levels of nitrogen. Though our understanding of biological sources of ammonia have been elucidated, the microbial drivers of nitrate (NO3 - ) cycling in coastal Antarctica remains poorly understood. Here, we explore microbial N cycling in coastal Antarctica, unraveling the biological origin of NO3 - via oxygen isotopes in soil and lake sediment, and through the reconstruction of 1968 metagenome-assembled genomes from 29 microbial phyla...

Mechanistic understanding of acetoclastic methanogenesis is pivotal for optimizing anaerobic digestion for efficient methane production. In this study, two different operational modes, continuous flow reactor (CFR) and sequencing batch reactor (SBR), accompanied with solids retention times (SRT) of 10 days (SBR10d and CFR10d ) and 25 days (SBR25d and CFR25d ) were implemented to elucidate their impacts on microbial communities and energy metabolism of methanogens in acetate-fed systems. Microbial community analysis revealed that the relative abundance of Methanosarcina (16...

Globally, more than half of the world's regions and populations inhabit psychrophilic and seasonally cold environments. Lower temperatures can inhibit the metabolic activity of microorganisms, thereby restricting the application of traditional biological treatment technologies. Bioelectrochemical systems (BES), which combine electrochemistry and biocatalysis, can enhance the resistance of microorganisms to unfavorable environments through electrical stimulation, thus showing promising applications in low-temperature environments...

Anisakiasis is a parasitic disease transmitted through the consumption of raw or undercooked fish and cephalopods that are infected with larvae of Anisakis simplex (sensu stricto) or Anisakis pegreffii. The purpose of this study was to investigate how A. simplex (s. s.) responds to the influence of anthelmintics such as ivermectin (IVM) and pyrantel (PYR). In vitro experiments were conducted using larvae at two developmental stages of A. simplex (s. s.) (L3 and L4) obtained from Baltic herring (Clupea harengus membras)...

The productivity and efficiency of two-chamber microbial electrolysis cell and anaerobic digestion integrated system (MEC-AD) were promoted by a complex of anaerobic granular sludge and iron oxides (Fe-AnGS) as inoculum. Results showed that MEC-AD with Fe-AnGS achieved biogas upgrading with a 23%-29% increase in the energy recovery rate of external circuit current and a 26%-31% decrease in volatile fatty acids. The energy recovery rate of MEC-AD remained at 52%-57%, indicating a stable operation performance...

This research aimed to explore the potential influence of mitochondria on the rate of anaerobic glycolysis. We hypothesized that mitochondria could reduce the rate of anaerobic glycolysis and pH decline by metabolizing a portion of glycolytic pyruvate. We utilized an in vitro model and incorporated CPI-613 and Avidin to inhibit pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and pyruvate carboxylase (PC), respectively. Four treatments were tested: 400 μM CPI-613, 1.5 U/ml Avidin, 400 μM CPI-613 + 1...

BACKGROUND: Cardiac surgery patients may be exposed to tissue hypoperfusion and anaerobic metabolism. OBJECTIVE: To verify whether the biomarkers of tissue hypoperfusion have predictive value for prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) stay in patients with left ventricular dysfunction who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery. METHODS: After approval by the institution's Ethics Committee and the signing of informed consent, 87 patients with left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction < 50%) undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery were enrolled...