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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mark E Harrison, Nicolas J Deere, Muhammad Ali Imron, Darmae Nasir, Adul, Hastin Ambar Asti, Joana Aragay Soler, Nicholas C Boyd, Susan M Cheyne, Sarah A Collins, Laura J D'Arcy, Wendy M Erb, Hannah Green, William Healy, Hendri, Brendan Holly, Peter R Houlihan, Simon J Husson, Iwan, Karen A Jeffers, Ici P Kulu, Kitso Kusin, Nicholas C Marchant, Helen C Morrogh-Bernard, Susan E Page, Ari Purwanto, Bernat Ripoll Capilla, Oscar Rodriguez de Rivera Ortega, Santiano, Katie L Spencer, Jito Sugardjito, Jatna Supriatna, Sara A Thornton, F J Frank van Veen, Yulintine, Matthew J Struebig
Uncontrolled fires place considerable burdens on forest ecosystems, compromising our ability to meet conservation and restoration goals. A poor understanding of the impacts of fire on ecosystems and their biodiversity exacerbates this challenge, particularly in tropical regions where few studies have applied consistent analytical techniques to examine a broad range of ecological impacts over multiyear time frames. We compiled 16 y of data on ecosystem properties (17 variables) and biodiversity (21 variables) from a tropical peatland in Indonesia to assess fire impacts and infer the potential for recovery...
April 23, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dingyue Liu, Chengzhang Zhao, Geyang Li, Zhini Chen, Suhong Wang, Chenglu Huang, Peixian Zhang
The leaf is an important site for energy acquisition and material transformation in plants. Leaf functional traits and their trade-off mechanisms reflect the resource utilisation efficiency and habitat adaptation strategies of plants, and contribute to our understanding of the mechanism by which the distribution pattern of plant populations in arid and semi-arid areas influences the evolution of vegetation structure and function. We selected two natural environments, the tree-shrub community canopy area and the shrub-grass community open area in the transition zone between the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Loess Plateau...
April 2024: Functional Plant Biology: FPB
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suwimon Wicharuck, Nuttapon Khongdee, Ar Man, Wahyu Nurkholis Hadi Syahputra, Parichat Yalangkan, Prapaporn Chaiphak, Chatchawan Chaichana
BACKGROUND: Greenhouse vertical farming under natural sunlight is an alternative farming technique that grows crops in a stacking column and extends in a vertical direction. Sunlight availability is one of the crucial factors for crop development in vertical farming. Therefore, this investigation aimed to examine the effect of sunlight availability on lettuce growth and yields at different levels of vertical shelves. METHODS: Six shelves were constructed with three levels: upper, middle and lower levels...
2024: PeerJ
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Huitao Zhou, Mingxiong Ou, Xiang Dong, Wang Zhou, Shiqun Dai, Weidong Jia
Electrostatic spraying technology can improve the efficiency of pesticide deposition on the surface of leaves and reduce the environmental pollution caused by pesticide drift, which has an important prospect in agricultural pesticide application. To improve the deposition and penetration of droplets in the crop canopy, we designed and optimized an air-assisted electrostatic nozzle and conducted the spraying performance experiment. Parameters, such as charge-to-mass ratio (CMR) and particle size, were tested and analyzed to obtain the suitable operating parameters of nozzle...
2024: Frontiers in Plant Science
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jonathon Taylor, Charles Simpson, Oscar Brousse, Anna-Kaisa Viitanen, Clare Heaviside
Increasing temperatures and more frequent heatwave events pose threats to population health, particularly in urban environments due to the urban heat island (UHI) effect. Greening, in particular planting trees, is widely discussed as a means of reducing heat exposure and associated mortality in cities. This study aims to use data from personal weather stations (PWS) across the Greater London Authority to understand how urban temperatures vary according to tree canopy coverage and estimate the heat-health impacts of London's urban trees...
May 1, 2024: Environmental Research Letters
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anamika Jangra, Kishan Kumar, Sandeep Maikhuri, Maneesh S Bhandari, Shailesh Pandey, Hukum Singh, Santan Barthwal
In the face of the formidable environmental challenges precipitated by the ongoing climate change, Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) are gaining widespread acknowledgement for their potential as biofertilizers, biocontrol agents, and microbial inoculants. However, a knowledge gap pertains to the ability of PGPB to improve stress tolerance in forestry species via cross-inoculation. To address this gap, the current investigation centres on PGPBs, namely, Acinetobacter johnsonii, Cronobacter muytjensii, and Priestia endophytica, selected from the phyllosphere of robust and healthy plants thriving in the face of stress-inducing conditions...
April 9, 2024: Plant Physiology and Biochemistry: PPB
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lin Wang, Baogang Zhang, Yunying Fang, Huajun Yin, Shenglei Fu, Scott X Chang, Yanjiang Cai
Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition inevitably alters soil nutrient status, subsequently prompting plants to modify their root morphology (i.e., adopting a do-it-yourself strategy), mycorrhizal symbioses (i.e., outsourcing strategy), and root exudation (i.e., nutrient-mining strategy) linking with resource acquisition. However, how N deposition influences the integrated pattern of these resource-acquisition strategies remains unclear. Furthermore, most studies in forest ecosystems have focused on understory N and inorganic N deposition, neglecting canopy-associated processes (e...
April 11, 2024: Science of the Total Environment
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ashni Kumar Dhawale, Anindya Sinha
Many primate species show various behavioural and ecological adaptations to provisioning, one of which is the unusual occurrence of twins. Here, we report observations on two pairs of surviving twins in lion-tailed macaques Macaca silenus in the Anamalai Hills of the Western Ghats, India. The Puthuthottam population of lion-tailed macaques has historically been restricted to a rainforest fragment measuring 92 ha, situated adjacent to human settlements. Over the last 10 years, however, several groups from this population have begun to directly interact with the local human communities, visiting settlements at a rate of 0...
April 13, 2024: Primates; Journal of Primatology
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sam Finnie, Philip Butterill, Vojtech Novotny, Conor Redmond, Leonardo Ré Jorge, Tomokazu Abe, Greg P A Lamarre, Vincent Maicher, Katerina Sam
Insect herbivores and their parasitoids play a crucial role in terrestrial trophic interactions in tropical forests. These interactions occur across the entire vertical gradient of the forest. This study compares how caterpillar communities, and their parasitism rates, vary across vertical strata and between caterpillar defensive strategies in a semi deciduous tropical forest in Nditam, Cameroon. Within a 0.1 ha plot, all trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 5 cm were felled and systematically searched for caterpillars...
April 13, 2024: Oecologia
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vinícius Villa E Vila, Patricia Angélica Alves Marques, Tamara Maria Gomes, Alan Ferreira Nunes, Victório Goulart Montenegro, Gustavo Soares Wenneck, Laís Barreto Franco
In regions where water is a limited resource, lettuce production can be challenging. To address this, water management strategies like deficit irrigation are used to improve water-use efficiency in agriculture. Associating this strategy with silicon (Si) application could help maintain adequate levels of agricultural production even with limited water availability. Two lettuce crop cycles were conducted in a completely randomized design, with a factorial scheme (2 × 3), with three irrigation levels (60%, 80% and 100%) of crop evapotranspiration (ETc), and with and without Si application...
April 5, 2024: Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wen Li, Yulei Xiong, Jin Tong, Wen Lin, Jianfu Xue, Yuechao Wang, Zhiqiang Gao
The optimized winter wheat sowing method comprising wide-belt sowing (WBS) can improve the ears number and biomass to increase the grain yield, compared with conventional narrow-drill sowing (NDS). The seed rate and the interaction between the sowing method and seed rate also affect yield formation. However, the effects of the sowing method and seed rate, as well as their interaction on biomass production, particularly the interception of solar radiation (ISR) and radiation use efficiency (RUE), are unclear...
March 29, 2024: Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Janez Kermavnar, Lado Kutnar
The spread of neophytes (non-native plant species) challenges the conservation status and ecological integrity of forests, especially in lowland areas. Long-term resurvey studies are needed to evaluate the temporal dynamics of neophytes in forests; however, such data are scarce. In 2023, we resampled a set of 45 permanent vegetation plots (established in 1992/93) in two forest vegetation types: oak-hornbeam forests dominated by Quercus robur and colline oak-beech forests dominated by Q. petraea . Over the last 30 years, oak forests have experienced extensive oak tree mortality, with the degree of habitat degradation being greater in Q...
March 27, 2024: Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Runzheng Niu, Yuan Zhuang, Mohammad Naeem Lali, Li Zhao, Jiawei Xie, Huaye Xiong, Yuheng Wang, Xinhua He, Xiaojun Shi, Yueqiang Zhang
Citrus is the largest fruit crop around the world, while high nitrogen (N) application in citrus orchards is widespread in many countries, which results not only in yield, quality and environmental issues but also slows down the establishment of citrus canopies in newly cultivated orchards. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the physiological inhibitory mechanism of excessive N application on the growth of citrus seedlings. A pot experiment with the citrus variety Orah ( Orah/Citrus junos ) at four N fertilization rates (0, 50, 100, and 400 mg N/kg dry soil, denoted as N0, N50, N100, and N400, respectively) was performed to evaluate the changes of root morphology, biomass, N accumulation, enzyme activities, and so on...
March 23, 2024: Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Priyanka Gupta, Dericks Praise Shukla
Mizoram (India) is part of UNESCO's biodiversity hotspots in India that is primarily populated by tribes who engage in shifting agriculture. Hence, the land use land cover (LULC) pattern of the state is frequently changing. We have used Landsat 5 and 8 satellite images to prepare LULC maps from 2000 to 2020 in every 5 years. The atmospherically corrected images were pre-processed for removal of cloud cover and then classified into six classes: waterbodies, farmland, settlement, open forest, dense forest, and bare land...
April 12, 2024: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David J Eldridge, Jingyi Ding, Josh Dorrough, Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo, Osvaldo Sala, Nicolas Gross, Yoann Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Max Mallen-Cooper, Hugo Saiz, Sergio Asensio, Victoria Ochoa, Beatriz Gozalo, Emilio Guirado, Miguel García-Gómez, Enrique Valencia, Jaime Martínez-Valderrama, César Plaza, Mehdi Abedi, Negar Ahmadian, Rodrigo J Ahumada, Julio M Alcántara, Fateh Amghar, Luísa Azevedo, Farah Ben Salem, Miguel Berdugo, Niels Blaum, Bazartseren Boldgiv, Matthew Bowker, Donaldo Bran, Chongfeng Bu, Rafaella Canessa, Andrea P Castillo-Monroy, Ignacio Castro, Patricio Castro-Quezada, Simone Cesarz, Roukaya Chibani, Abel Augusto Conceição, Anthony Darrouzet-Nardi, Yvonne C Davila, Balázs Deák, Paloma Díaz-Martínez, David A Donoso, Andrew David Dougill, Jorge Durán, Nico Eisenhauer, Hamid Ejtehadi, Carlos Ivan Espinosa, Alex Fajardo, Mohammad Farzam, Ana Foronda, Jorgelina Franzese, Lauchlan H Fraser, Juan Gaitán, Katja Geissler, Sofía Laura Gonzalez, Elizabeth Gusman-Montalvan, Rosa Mary Hernández, Norbert Hölzel, Frederic Mendes Hughes, Oswaldo Jadan, Anke Jentsch, Mengchen Ju, Kudzai F Kaseke, Melanie Köbel, Anika Lehmann, Pierre Liancourt, Anja Linstädter, Michelle A Louw, Quanhui Ma, Mancha Mabaso, Gillian Maggs-Kölling, Thulani P Makhalanyane, Oumarou Malam Issa, Eugene Marais, Mitchel McClaran, Betty Mendoza, Vincent Mokoka, Juan P Mora, Gerardo Moreno, Seth Munson, Alice Nunes, Gabriel Oliva, Gastón R Oñatibia, Brooke Osborne, Guadalupe Peter, Margerie Pierre, Yolanda Pueyo, R Emiliano Quiroga, Sasha Reed, Ana Rey, Pedro Rey, Víctor Manuel Reyes Gómez, Víctor Rolo, Matthias C Rillig, Peter C le Roux, Jan Christian Ruppert, Ayman Salah, Phokgedi Julius Sebei, Anarmaa Sharkhuu, Ilan Stavi, Colton Stephens, Alberto L Teixido, Andrew David Thomas, Katja Tielbörger, Silvia Torres Robles, Samantha Travers, Orsolya Valkó, Liesbeth van den Brink, Frederike Velbert, Andreas von Heßberg, Wanyoike Wamiti, Deli Wang, Lixin Wang, Glenda M Wardle, Laura Yahdjian, Eli Zaady, Yuanming Zhang, Xiaobing Zhou, Fernando T Maestre
Perennial plants create productive and biodiverse hotspots, known as fertile islands, beneath their canopies. These hotspots largely determine the structure and functioning of drylands worldwide. Despite their ubiquity, the factors controlling fertile islands under conditions of contrasting grazing by livestock, the most prevalent land use in drylands, remain virtually unknown. Here we evaluated the relative importance of grazing pressure and herbivore type, climate and plant functional traits on 24 soil physical and chemical attributes that represent proxies of key ecosystem services related to decomposition, soil fertility, and soil and water conservation...
April 12, 2024: Nature Plants
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
How natural are the forests in Rajiv Gandhi (Nagarhole) Tiger Reserve? A multi-source data approach.
B Swarada, S V Pasha, V K Dadhwal
This study aimed to monitor long-term land use dynamics for understanding the natural forest integrity and intactness of the Rajiv Gandhi (Nagarhole) Tiger Reserve (RTR) pre- and post-declarations as TR. We employed multi-source data from Survey of India Toposheets (1:50 k), Landsat-7, and Sentinel-2A along with Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) vegetation canopy height (10 m) data, a high-spatial resolution CORONA (1970) images and temporal Google Earth Pro images for mapping and validation...
April 12, 2024: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gabor Pozsgai, Sébastien Lhoumeau, Isabel R Amorim, Mário Boieiro, Pedro Cardoso, Ricardo Costa, Maria Teresa Ferreira, Abrão Leite, Jagoba Malumbres-Olarte, Guilherme Oyarzabal, François Rigal, Alejandra Ros-Prieto, Ana M C Santos, Rosalina Gabriel, Paulo A V Borges
Globally, there is a concerning decline in many insect populations, and this trend likely extends to all arthropods, potentially impacting unique island biota. Native non-endemic and endemic species on islands are under threat due to habitat destruction, with the introduction of exotic, and potentially invasive, species, further contributing to this decline. While long-term studies of plants and vertebrate fauna are available, long-term arthropod datasets are limited, hindering comparisons with better-studied taxa...
April 11, 2024: Scientific Data
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Huanyuan Zhang-Zheng, Stephen Adu-Bredu, Akwasi Duah-Gyamfi, Sam Moore, Shalom D Addo-Danso, Lucy Amissah, Riccardo Valentini, Gloria Djagbletey, Kelvin Anim-Adjei, John Quansah, Bernice Sarpong, Kennedy Owusu-Afriyie, Agne Gvozdevaite, Minxue Tang, Maria C Ruiz-Jaen, Forzia Ibrahim, Cécile A J Girardin, Sami Rifai, Cecilia A L Dahlsjö, Terhi Riutta, Xiongjie Deng, Yuheng Sun, Iain Colin Prentice, Imma Oliveras Menor, Yadvinder Malhi
Tropical forests cover large areas of equatorial Africa and play a substantial role in the global carbon cycle. However, there has been a lack of biometric measurements to understand the forests' gross and net primary productivity (GPP, NPP) and their allocation. Here we present a detailed field assessment of the carbon budget of multiple forest sites in Africa, by monitoring 14 one-hectare plots along an aridity gradient in Ghana, West Africa. When compared with an equivalent aridity gradient in Amazonia, the studied West African forests generally had higher productivity and lower carbon use efficiency (CUE)...
April 11, 2024: Nature Communications
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kayla Warner, Nancy Falxa Sonti, Elizabeth M Cook, Richard A Hallett, Lucy R Hutyra, Andrew B Reinmann
Tree growth is a key mechanism driving carbon sequestration in forest ecosystems. Environmental conditions are important regulators of tree growth that can vary considerably between nearby urban and rural forests. For example, trees growing in cities often experience hotter and drier conditions than their rural counterparts while also being exposed to higher levels of light, pollution, and nutrient inputs. However, the extent to which these intrinsic differences in the growing conditions of trees in urban versus rural forests influence tree growth response to climate is not well known...
April 11, 2024: Ecological Applications
#20
REVIEW
Roberto Pierro, Abdelhameed Moussa, Nicola Mori, Carmine Marcone, Fabio Quaglino, Gianfranco Romanazzi
Among grapevine yellows, Bois noir (BN), associated with ' Candidatus Phytoplasma solani', represents the biggest threat in the main wine-growing areas worldwide, causing significant losses in berry quality and yields. BN epidemiology involves multiple plant hosts and several insect vectors, making considerably complex the development of effective management strategies. Since application of insecticides on the grapevine canopy is not effective to manage vectors, BN management includes an integrated approach based on treatments to the canopy to make the plant more resistant to the pathogen and/or inhibit the vector feeding, and actions on reservoir plants to reduce possibilities that the vector reaches the grapevine and transmit the phytoplasma...
2024: Frontiers in Plant Science
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