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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohammad Aldahabi, Erwin Neher, Zoltan Nusser
Pronounced differences in neurotransmitter release from a given presynaptic neuron, depending on the synaptic target, are among the most intriguing features of cortical networks. Hippocampal pyramidal cells (PCs) release glutamate with low probability to somatostatin expressing oriens-lacunosum-moleculare (O-LM) interneurons (INs), and the postsynaptic responses show robust short-term facilitation, whereas the release from the same presynaptic axons onto fast-spiking INs (FSINs) is ~10-fold higher and the excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) display depression...
April 30, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yan-Jia Luo, Hechen Bao, Andrew Crowther, Ya-Dong Li, Ze-Ka Chen, Dalton S Tart, Brent Asrican, Libo Zhang, Juan Song
Women are more vulnerable to stress and have a higher likelihood of developing mood disorders. The serotonin (5HT) system has been highly implicated in stress response and mood regulation. However, sex-dependent mechanisms underlying serotonergic regulation of stress vulnerability remain poorly understood. Here, we report that adult hippocampal neural stem cells (NSCs) of the Ascl1 lineage (Ascl1-NSCs) in female mice express functional 5HT1A receptors (5HT1ARs), and selective deletion of 5HT1ARs in Ascl1-NSCs decreases the Ascl1-NSC pool only in females...
April 23, 2024: Cell Reports
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Luis A Rojas-Colón, John B Redell, Pramod K Dash, Pedro E Vegas, Wanda Vélez-Torres
Chronic neuroinflammation has been implicated in neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis. A key feature of neuroinflammation is neuronal loss and glial activation, including microglia and astrocytes. 4R-cembranoid (4R) is a natural compound that inhibits hippocampal pro-inflammatory cytokines and increases memory function in mice. We used the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection model to study the effect of 4R on neuronal density and microglia and astrocyte activation. C57BL/6J wild-type mice were injected with LPS (5 mg/kg) and 2 h later received either 4R (6 mg/kg) or vehicle...
April 2024: Journal of Neuroscience Research
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fatima Aidil-Carvalho, Ana Caulino-Rocha, Joaquim Alexandre Ribeiro, Diana Cunha-Reis
Novelty influences hippocampal-dependent memory through metaplasticity. Mismatch novelty detection activates the human hippocampal CA1 area and enhances rat hippocampal-dependent learning and exploration. Remarkably, mismatch novelty training (NT) also enhances rodent hippocampal synaptic plasticity while inhibition of VIP interneurons promotes rodent exploration. Since VIP, acting on VPAC1 receptors (Rs), restrains hippocampal LTP and depotentiation by modulating disinhibition, we now investigated the impact of NT on VPAC1 modulation of hippocampal synaptic plasticity in male Wistar rats...
April 2024: Journal of Neuroscience Research
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ying-Jay Liou, Mu-N Liu, Kai-Chun Yang, Li-Yu Hu, Wen-Chi Hsieh, Yuan-Hwa Chou
BACKGROUND: Current evidence of volume changes in hippocampal subdivisions in schizophrenia remains inconsistent, and few studies have investigated the relationship between regional hippocampal volumes and symptom remission. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 31 patients with schizophrenia and 31 healthy controls (HCs). Symptomatic remission in schizophrenia was determined according to Remission in Schizophrenia Working Group criteria. The volumes of hippocampal longitudinal subregions and transverse subfields were measured using manual and automatic techniques, respectively...
April 24, 2024: Journal of the Chinese Medical Association: JCMA
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Regina S Wright, Alexa C Allan, Alyssa A Gamaldo, Adrienne A Morgan, Anna K Lee, Guray Erus, Christos Davatzikos, Desirée C Bygrave
It is not well understood how neighborhood disadvantage is associated with specific domains of cognitive function and underlying brain health within older adults. Thus, the objective was to examine associations between neighborhood disadvantage, brain health, and cognitive performance, and examine whether associations were more pronounced among women. The study included 136 older adults who underwent cognitive testing and MRI. Neighborhood disadvantage was characterized using the Area Deprivation Index (ADI)...
April 24, 2024: Neuropsychology, Development, and Cognition. Section B, Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yaxin Wang, Shuran Li, Mengping Chen, Meihua Zeng, Lirun Zhou, Rongmei Yao, Bo Pang, Yingli Xu, Shan Cao, Shanshan Guo, Xiaolan Cui
CONTEXT: Shenyu Ningshen (SYNS) tablet is the first pure Chinese medicinal small compound preparation approved for clinical trials for the treatment of depression in China. Clinical experiments confirmed that the formulation had a significant Improvement effect against depression due to the deficiency of both qi and yin. It has been shown to exhibit noticeable anti-inflammatory effect in an animal model of depression. Our previous study showed that SYNS could effectively inhibit the inflammatory response in a depression model...
April 30, 2024: Heliyon
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shuting Luo, Feilong Wu, Qian Fang, Yue Hu, Huihui Zhang, Shishan Yuan, Chang Yang, Yan Shi, Yixiao Luo
Addressing the treatment of depression is crucial; nevertheless, the etiology and pathogenesis remain unelucidated. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of teriflunomide (TF) on corticosterone (CORT)-induced depression-like behaviors in mice. Notably, TF administration resulted in a substantial amelioration of anxiety and depression-like behaviors observed in CORT-treated mice. This was evidenced by behavioral assessments conducted via the sucrose preference test (SPT), open-field test (OFT), novelty-suppressed feeding test (NSFT), forced swimming test (FST), and tail suspension test (TST)...
April 30, 2024: Heliyon
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shaun Andrew Hanycz, Alborz Noorani, Peter Shih-Ping Hung, Matthew R Walker, Ashley B Zhang, Timur H Latypov, Mojgan Hodaie
INTRODUCTION: Patients with chronic pain frequently report cognitive symptoms that affect memory and attention, which are functions attributed to the hippocampus. Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a chronic neuropathic pain disorder characterized by paroxysmal attacks of unilateral orofacial pain. Given the stereotypical nature of TN pain and lack of negative symptoms including sensory loss, TN provides a unique model to investigate the hippocampal implications of chronic pain. Recent evidence demonstrated that TN is associated with macrostructural hippocampal abnormalities indicated by reduced subfield volumes; however, there is a paucity in our understanding of hippocampal microstructural abnormalities associated with TN...
June 2024: Pain Reports
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maxime Alessandri, Alejandro Osorio-Forero, Anita Lüthi, Jean-Yves Chatton
Epilepsy affects millions globally with a significant portion exhibiting pharmacoresistance. Abnormal neuronal activity elevates brain lactate levels, which prompted the exploration of its receptor, the hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1 (HCAR1) known to downmodulate neuronal activity in physiological conditions. This study revealed that HCAR1-deficient mice (HCAR1-KO) exhibited lowered seizure thresholds, and increased severity and duration compared to wild-type mice. Hippocampal and whole-brain electrographic seizure analyses revealed increased seizure severity in HCAR1-KO mice, supported by time-frequency analysis...
May 17, 2024: IScience
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rosaleena Mohanty, Daniel Ferreira, Eric Westman
INTRODUCTION: Heterogeneity in downstream atrophy in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is predominantly investigated in relation to pathological hallmarks (Aβ, tau) and co-pathologies (cerebrovascular burden) independently. However, the proportional contribution of each pathology in determining atrophy pattern remains unclear. We assessed heterogeneity in atrophy using two recently conceptualized dimensions: typicality (typical AD atrophy at the center and deviant atypical atrophy on either extreme including limbic predominant to hippocampal sparing patterns) and severity (overall neurodegeneration spanning minimal atrophy to diffuse typical AD atrophy) in relation to Aβ, tau, and cerebrovascular burden...
2024: Frontiers in Neuroscience
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pavithraa Seenivasan, Reshma Basak, Rishikesh Narayanan
Brain rhythms have been postulated to play central roles in animal cognition. A prominently reported dichotomy of hippocampal rhythms links theta-frequency oscillations (4-12 Hz) and ripples (120-250 Hz) exclusively to preparatory and consummatory behaviours, respectively. However, because of the differential power expression of these two signals across hippocampal strata, such exclusivity requires validation through analyses of simultaneous multi-strata recordings. We assessed co-occurrence of theta-frequency oscillations with ripples in multi-channel recordings of extracellular potentials across hippocampal strata from foraging rats...
April 23, 2024: Journal of Physiology
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hannah Baumeister, Jacob W Vogel, Philip S Insel, Luca Kleineidam, Steffen Wolfsgruber, Melina Stark, Helena M Gellersen, Renat Yakupov, Matthias C Schmid, Falk Lüsebrink, Frederic Brosseron, Gabriel Ziegler, Silka D Freiesleben, Lukas Preis, Luisa-Sophie Schneider, Eike J Spruth, Slawek Altenstein, Andrea Lohse, Klaus Fliessbach, Ina R Vogt, Claudia Bartels, Björn H Schott, Ayda Rostamzadeh, Wenzel Glanz, Enise I Incesoy, Michaela Butryn, Daniel Janowitz, Boris-Stephan Rauchmann, Ingo Kilimann, Doreen Goerss, Matthias H Munk, Stefan Hetzer, Peter Dechent, Michael Ewers, Klaus Scheffler, Anika Wuestefeld, Olof Strandberg, Danielle van Westen, Niklas Mattsson-Carlgren, Shorena Janelidze, Erik Stomrud, Sebastian Palmqvist, Annika Spottke, Christoph Laske, Stefan Teipel, Robert Perneczky, Katharina Buerger, Anja Schneider, Josef Priller, Oliver Peters, Alfredo Ramirez, Jens Wiltfang, Michael T Heneka, Michael Wagner, Emrah Düzel, Frank Jessen, Oskar Hansson, David Berron
Memory clinic patients are a heterogeneous population representing various aetiologies of pathological aging. It is unknown if divergent spatiotemporal progression patterns of brain atrophy, as previously described in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, are prevalent and clinically meaningful in this group of older adults. To uncover distinct atrophy subtypes, we applied the Subtype and Stage Inference (SuStaIn) algorithm to baseline structural MRI data from 813 participants enrolled in the DELCODE cohort (mean ± SD age = 70...
April 24, 2024: Brain
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaofan Li, Madhumita Yennawar, Alyssa Wiest, William T O'Brien, Bergan Babrowicz, Rachel S White, Delia M Talos, Frances E Jensen
Cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 (CDKL5) deficiency disorder (CDD) is caused by a loss-of-function mutation in CDKL5 gene, encoding a serine-threonine kinase highly expressed in the brain. CDD manifests with early-onset epilepsy, autism, motor impairment and severe intellectual disability. While there are no known treatments for CDD, the use of cannabidiol has recently been introduced into clinical practice for neurodevelopmental disorders. Given the increased clinical utilization of cannabidiol, we examined its efficacy in the CDKL5R59X knock-in (R59X) mice, a CDD model based on a human mutation that exhibits both lifelong seizure susceptibility and behavioural deficits...
April 23, 2024: European Journal of Neuroscience
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rafaela Morais-Ribeiro, Francisco C Almeida, Ana Coelho, Tiago Gil Oliveira
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects the hippocampus. Since hippocampal studies have highlighted a differential subregional regulation along its longitudinal axis, a more detailed analysis addressing subregional changes along the longitudinal hippocampal axis has the potential to provide new relevant biomarkers. This study included structural brain MRI data of 583 participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). Cognitively normal (CN) subjects, mild cognitively impaired (MCI) subjects and AD patients were conveniently selected considering the age and sex match between clinical groups...
April 23, 2024: European Journal of Neuroscience
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sungwoo Kang, Seun Jeon, Young-Gun Lee, Byoung Seok Ye
BACKGROUND: Association of medial temporal lobe (MTL) metabolism with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) has not been evaluated considering their mixed disease (MD). METHODS: 131 patients with AD, 133 with DLB, 122 with MD, and 28 normal controls (NCs) underwent neuropsychological tests, assessments for parkinsonism, cognitive fluctuation (CF), and visual hallucinations (VH), and 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET to quantify MTL metabolism in the amygdala, hippocampus, and entorhinal cortex...
April 23, 2024: Alzheimer's Research & Therapy
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiangang Xie, Linxiao Wang, Yunyun Xu, Yuexiang Ma, Lingqin Zhang, Wen Yin, Yang Huang
BACKGROUND: The incidence of exertional heat stroke (EHS) escalates during periods of elevated temperatures, potentially leading to persistent cognitive impairment postrecovery. Currently, effective prophylactic or therapeutic measures against EHS are nonexistent. METHODS: The selection of days 14 and 23 postinduction for detailed examination was guided by TEM of neuronal cells and HE staining of intestinal villi and the hippocampal regions. Fecal specimens from the ileum and cecum at these designated times were analyzed for changes in gut microbiota and metabolic products...
April 23, 2024: BMC Microbiology
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lingxue Meng, Zedong Ouyang, Yuxin Chen, Chengmeng Huang, Yunjiang Yu, Ruifang Fan
Bisphenol A (BPA) is related to neurological disorders involving mitochondrial dysfunction, while the mechanism remains elusive. Therefore, we explored it through in vitro and in vivo experiments. In vitro, hippocampal neurons derived from neonatal rats of different genders were exposed to 1-100 nM and 100 μM BPA, autophagy activator Rapa and inhibitor 3-MA for 7 d. The results suggested that even nanomolar BPA (1-100 nM) disturbed Ca2+ homeostasis and damaged the integrity of mitochondrial cristae in neurons (p < 0...
April 21, 2024: Science of the Total Environment
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tiantian Huang, Xiao-Kang Gong, Zheng Liang, Rong Yang, Liangwei Wu, Chaoqing Yang, Mengjuan Wu, Xiao-Chuan Wang, Xi-Ji Shu, Jian Bao
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, and moderate exercise holds promise in ameliorating the ongoing neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Here, we investigated whether exercise-enriched blood plasm could yield a beneficial therapeutic effect on AD pathologies and cognitive decline in transgenic AD (P301S) mice. In this investigation, a cohort of 2-month-old C57BL/6 mice were granted continuous access to either a running wheel or a fixed wheel for 6 weeks. After that, their plasmas were extracted and subsequently injected intravenously into 4...
April 21, 2024: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. Molecular Basis of Disease
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jian Wang, Diheng Gu, Ke Jin, Hualong Shen, Yaohua Qian
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a fatal brain injury, but the current treatments for it are inadequate to reduce the severity of secondary brain injury. Our study aims to explore the molecular mechanism of Egr1 and Phlda1 in regulating hemin-induced neuronal pyroptosis, and hope to provide novel therapeutic targets for ICH treatment. Mouse hippocampal neuron cells treated with hemin were used to simulate an in-vitro ICH model. Using qRT-PCR and western blot to evaluate mRNA and protein concentrations. MTT assay was utilized to assess cell viability...
April 17, 2024: Neuroreport
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