lupus,nephrotic syndrome,renal transplant

Background Renal insufficiency, a critical concern in native and transplant kidneys, necessitates effective screening modalities for evaluation and management. Grayscale sonography has been a cornerstone in renal diagnostics, providing basic anatomical insights such as renal length, cortical thickness, and collecting system dilatation. Despite technological advancements, its impact on the differential diagnosis or management of renal disease remains limited, often showing normal findings in the presence of severe renal dysfunction...

Data about the prevalence of biopsy-proven kidney diseases in Iran are rare, and none of the previous studies used electron microscopy for diagnosis. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of biopsy-proven kidney diseases in Iran's primary referral center. To the best of our knowledge, this is the most extensive study carried out in Iran. Reports of kidney biopsy samples from patients referred to our center in 2007-2018 were reviewed for demographic data, clinical presentation, and final diagnosis. Statistical analyses were performed...

BACKGROUND: tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are an emerging class of small noncoding RNAs derived from tRNA cleavage. SUMMARY: With the development of high-throughput sequencing, various biological roles of tsRNAs have been gradually revealed, including regulation of mRNA stability, transcription, translation, direct interaction with proteins and as epigenetic factors, etc. Recent studies have shown that tsRNAs are also closely related to renal disease. In clinical acute kidney injury (AKI) patients and preclinical AKI models, the production and differential expression of tsRNAs in renal tissue and plasma were observed...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: The prevalence of glomerular diseases, as the leading cause of chronic kidney disease, is increasing. Renal biopsy is still the gold standard for diagnosis of the most kidney disorders. Data on prevalence of the biopsy-proven kidney diseases in Iran is limited and none of the previously reported studies used electron microscopic (EM) evaluation for the diagnosis. This study was conducted to analyze the prevalence of biopsy-proven kidney diseases in a referral center in Iran...

Corticosteroids (steroids) are commonly used concurrently with mycophenolic acid (MPA) as the first-line immunosuppression therapy for the prevention of rejection in solid organ transplantations. Steroids are also commonly administered with MPA in various autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus and idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Despite various review articles having suggested the presence of pharmacokinetic interactions between MPA and steroids, definitive data have not yet been demonstrated...

PURPOSE: This study proposes machine learning to analyze the risk factors of the collapse in patients with non-traumatic hip osteonecrosis of the femoral head. METHODS: We collected data of 900 consecutive patients (634 males) with bilateral (428) or unilateral non-traumatic osteonecrosis diagnosed before collapse (at stage I or stage II). The follow-up was average five years (3 to 8 years). A total of 50 variables related to the osteonecrosis were included in the study...

Primary membranous nephropathy (PMN) is an autoimmune disease caused by the attack of autoantibodies against podocyte antigens leading to the in situ production of immune complexes. However, the etiology is unknown and the pathogenesis is still far from being completely elucidated. MN is prevalently idiopathic or primary, but in about 20-30% of cases it is secondary to chronic infections, systemic diseases, exposure to drugs, or malignancy. The differentiation between primary and secondary MN may be difficult, particularly when MN precedes signs and symptoms of the original disease, as in some cases of cancer or systemic lupus erythematosus...

Pediatric renal biopsy is an uncommon event, and the spectrum of the disease is evaluated and managed mostly on the clinical grounds. Compared to adults, the indications for renal biopsy in pediatric population are very few. We reviewed the pediatric renal biopsies received at our tertiary center in Mumbai, India, over a period of six years to study the incidence of various medical renal diseases, their spectrum on histology and its correlation with electron microscopy (EM). A total of 65 pediatric renal biopsies in the age group of 0-12 years were evaluated over a period of six years...

Collapsing glomerulopathy (CG) is a rare variant of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) that commonly presents as nephrotic syndrome in patients. CG is almost always associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection but is rarely from other infectious sources such as parvovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, and SARS-CoV-2. CG has also been reported to be related to other etiologies such as genetic disorders, lupus, malignancy, and post-renal transplant but is exceedingly rare when related to hepatitis C virus (HCV)...

We report the initial experience of renal biopsy at a new nephrology center in eastern Nepal. A prospective analysis of patients who underwent renal biopsy from January 2016 to December 2018 at the department of nephrology, Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal was done. One hundred and fifty-six patients underwent renal biopsy, mean age of the patients was 32.8 ± 14.6 years, and 88 (56.4%) were female. The most common indication of renal biopsy was nephrotic syndrome (NS) (71 patients, 45...

Full-house staining of glomeruli in renal pathology is highly suggestive of lupus nephritis. Other nonlupus entities can also present with a similar pattern on immune fluorescence. Different authors have used different names for this new entity with full house staining on immunofluorescence (IF) with negative serology for lupus. Some authors used the term full-house nephropathy for this new entity. The aim of our study is to define the clinicopathological spectrum and treatment outcomes of nonlupus "full-house" patterns...

This study was conducted to retrospectively investigate the indications for renal biopsy in the native kidneys of children and to analyze the pathological findings in a single tertiary care hospital in North-East India for the past 12 years. All children (≤18 years) who underwent renal biopsy at our hospital from March 2007 to April 2018 were included. Renal tissue specimens were studied under light and immunofluorescence microscopy. The study group included 254 patients (female 57%). The median age was 15 years (range 6-18 years)...

The review includes studies dated 2011-2021 presenting the newest information on voriconazole (VCZ), mycophenolic acid (MPA), and vancomycin (VAN) therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in children. The need of TDM in pediatric patients has been emphasized by providing the information on the differences in the drugs pharmacokinetics. TDM of VCZ should be mandatory for all pediatric patients with invasive fungal infections (IFIs). Wide inter- and intrapatient variability in VCZ pharmacokinetics cause achieving and maintaining therapeutic concentration during therapy challenging in this population...

INTRODUCTION: Reunion Island's population is characterized by a multiethnic origin, which makes it impossible to transpose epidemiological data of Metropolitan France. Only REIN Registry provides a macroscopic view of kidney disease, limited to the causes of end stage renal disease. METHODS: This is a regional retrospective study whose main objective is to describe renal pathologies in Reunion Island's adults over a period of 3 years. Kidney transplants are excluded...

Rituximab is a chimeric monoclonal antibody capable of depleting B cell populations by targeting the CD20 antigen expressed on the cell surface. Its use in oncology, initially in B cell lymphoma and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders, predates its current utility in various fields of medicine wherein it has become one of the safest and most effective antibody-based therapies. It was subsequently found to be effective for rheumatological conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important global public health problem due to its high prevalence and morbidity. Although the treatment of nephrology patients has changed considerably, ineffectiveness and side effects of medications represent a major issue. In an effort to elucidate the contribution of genetic variants located in several genes in the response to treatment of patients with CKD, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of all available pharmacogenetics studies. The association between genotype distribution and response to medication was examined using the dominant, recessive, and additive inheritance models...

INTRODUCTION: We conducted a cross-sectional study on children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) in a single center in Southern China. METHODS: A total of 166 SRNS cases in the Paediatric Nephrology Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University from September 1, 2006, to August 31, 2016 were retrospectively analysed. The inclusion criteria were: 1) age ≤ 14 years, 2) diagnosed with SRNS, and 3) without purpura nephritis, immunoglobulin A nephropathy, lupus nephritis, or another secondary nephritis...

Glucocorticoids have been a cornerstone of treatment for inflammatory and autoimmune kidney diseases for almost 70 years, yet it is fair to say, we still do not know how 'best' to use them. Significant adverse events are associated with their continued use, which contribute to premature patient mortality. Steroid avoidance or minimization is possible and has been tested in various glomerular diseases, as a result of novel agents or innovative regimens using established therapeutics. It is now time to seriously address our use of steroids and educate physicians on better ways of managing inflammatory kidney diseases...

Introduction: Data on percutaneous kidney biopsy (KBx) incidence and frequencies of hemorrhagic complications among inpatients are limited. Methods: Using nationally representative US hospitalization discharge data, we report temporal trends in inpatient KBx rates from 2007 to 2014 and estimate frequencies of, and risk factors for, utilization of packed red blood cell (pRBC) transfusion and renal angiography. Results: From 2007 to 2014, rates of native KBx among adult inpatients increased from 8...

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To study the clinical profile of patients with glomerular diseases and to study pattern of glomerular diseases in adults. METHODOLOGY: A hospital based retrospective observational study from North Eastern India that includes biopsy proven glomerular disease (GD) in adults. Patients with inadequate biopsy sampling; incomplete medical data and biopsy of transplanted kidney were excluded. RESULTS AND OBSERVATIONS: A total of 102 patients were included of which 25 (24...