keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492159/environmental-interventions-for-preventing-atopic-diseases
#21
REVIEW
Scott Pfirrman, Ashley Devonshire, Andrew Winslow
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In this review, we detail the exposome (consisting of environmental factors such as diet, microbial colonization, allergens, pollutants, and stressors), mechanistic and clinical research supporting its influence on atopic disease, and potentiation from climate change. We highlight contemporary environmental interventions and available evidence substantiating their roles in atopic disease prevention, from observational cohorts to randomized controlled trials, when available...
March 16, 2024: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491983/automatically-aligned-and-environment-friendly-twisted-stacking-terahertz-chiral-metasurface-with-giant-circular-dichroism-for-rapid-biosensing
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zongyuan Wang, Jianzhou Huang, Weiguang Liu, Chenjie Xiong, Bin Hu
Chiral metasurfaces are capable of generating a huge superchiral field, which has great potential in optoelectronics and biosensing. However, the conventional fabrication process suffers greatly from time consumption, high cost, and difficult multilayer alignment, which hinder its commercial application. Herein, we propose a twisted stacking carbon-based terahertz (THz) chiral metasurface (TCM) based on laser-induced graphene (LIG) technology. By repeating a two-step process of sticking a polyimide film, followed by laser direct writing, the two layers of the TCM are aligned automatically in the fabrication...
March 16, 2024: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491980/accurate-temperature-reconstruction-in-radiofrequency-ablation-for-atherosclerotic-plaques-based-on-inverse-heat-transfer-analysis
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shuang Shu, Guoliang Yang, Hengxin Han, Taijie Zhan, Hangyu Dang, Yi Xu
Radiofrequency ablation has emerged as a widely accepted treatment for atherosclerotic plaques. However, monitoring the temperature field distribution in the blood vessel wall during this procedure presents challenges. This limitation increases the risk of endothelial cell damage and inflammatory responses, potentially leading to lumen restenosis. The aim of this study is to accurately reconstruct the transient temperature distribution by solving a stochastic heat transfer model with uncertain parameters using an inverse heat transfer algorithm and temperature measurement data...
March 16, 2024: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491765/3d-analysis-of-joint-sparing-charcot-marie-tooth-surgery-effect-on-initial-standing-foot-alignment
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jae Hwang Song, Max P Michalski, Glenn B Pfeffer
BACKGROUND: The complex deformities in cavovarus feet of Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease are difficult to evaluate. The aim of this study was to quantify the initial standing alignment correction achieved after joint-sparing CMT cavovarus reconstruction using pre- and postoperative weightbearing computed tomography (WBCT). METHODS: Twenty-nine CMT cavovarus reconstructions were retrospectively analyzed. Three-dimensional measurements were performed using semiautomated software (Bonelogic 2...
March 15, 2024: Foot & Ankle International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491658/physical-effects-of-learning
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Menachem Stern, Andrea J Liu, Vijay Balasubramanian
Interacting many-body physical systems ranging from neural networks in the brain to folding proteins to self-modifying electrical circuits can learn to perform diverse tasks. This learning, both in nature and in engineered systems, can occur through evolutionary selection or through dynamical rules that drive active learning from experience. Here, we show that learning in linear physical networks with weak input signals leaves architectural imprints on the Hessian of a physical system. Compared to a generic organization of the system components, (a) the effective physical dimension of the response to inputs decreases, (b) the response of physical degrees of freedom to random perturbations (or system "susceptibility") increases, and (c) the low-eigenvalue eigenvectors of the Hessian align with the task...
February 2024: Physical Review. E
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491643/properties-of-packings-and-dispersions-of-superellipse-sector-particles
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John Colt, Lucas Nelson, Sykes Cargile, Ted Brzinski, Scott V Franklin
Superellipse sector particles (SeSPs) are segments of superelliptical curves that form a tunable set of hard-particle shapes for granular and colloidal systems. SeSPs allow for continuous parametrization of corner sharpness, aspect ratio, and particle curvature; rods, circles, rectangles, and staples are examples of shapes SeSPs can model. We compare three computational processes: pair-wise Monte Carlo simulations that explore particle-particle geometric constraints, Monte Carlo simulations that reveal how these geometric constraints play out over dispersions of many particles, and Molecular Dynamics simulations that form random loose and close packings...
February 2024: Physical Review. E
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491588/anti-aligning-interaction-between-active-particles-induces-a-finite-wavelength-instability-the-dancing-hexagons
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Escaff
By considering a simple model for self-propelled particle interaction, we show that anti-aligning forces induce a finite wavelength instability. Consequently, the system exhibits pattern formation. The formed pattern involves, let us say, a choreographic movement of the active entities. At the level of particle density, the system oscillates between a stripe pattern and a hexagonal one. The underlying dynamics of these density oscillations consists of two counterpropagating and purely hexagonal traveling waves...
February 2024: Physical Review. E
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491544/generative-ai-in-healthcare-an-implementation-science-informed-translational-path-on-application-integration-and-governance
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sandeep Reddy
BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly generative AI, has emerged as a transformative tool in healthcare, with the potential to revolutionize clinical decision-making and improve health outcomes. Generative AI, capable of generating new data such as text and images, holds promise in enhancing patient care, revolutionizing disease diagnosis and expanding treatment options. However, the utility and impact of generative AI in healthcare remain poorly understood, with concerns around ethical and medico-legal implications, integration into healthcare service delivery and workforce utilisation...
March 15, 2024: Implementation Science: IS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491542/economic-evaluations-performed-alongside-randomized-implementation-trials-in-clinical-settings-a-systematic-review
#29
REVIEW
Alayna Carrandi, Amy Grove, Helen Skouteris, Angela Melder, Yanan Hu, Michelle Dever, Alisa Higgins
BACKGROUND: Economic evaluations alongside implementation trials compare the outcomes and costs of competing implementation strategies to identify the most efficient strategies. The aims of this systematic review were to investigate how economic evaluations are performed in randomized implementation trials in clinical settings and to assess the quality of these evaluations. METHODS: A systematic literature review was conducted on 23 March 2023 to identify studies that reported on economic evaluations embedded in randomized implementation trials in clinical settings...
March 15, 2024: Implementation science communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491540/extended-reality-to-assess-post-stroke-manual-dexterity-contrasts-between-the-classic-box-and-block-test-immersive-virtual-reality-with-controllers-with-hand-tracking-and-mixed-reality-tests
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gauthier Everard, Quentin Burton, Vincent Van de Sype, Thérèse Ntabuhashe Bibentyo, Edouard Auvinet, Martin Gareth Edwards, Charles Sebiyo Batcho, Thierry Lejeune
BACKGROUND: Recent technological advancements present promising opportunities to enhance the frequency and objectivity of functional assessments, aligning with recent stroke rehabilitation guidelines. Within this framework, we designed and adapted different manual dexterity tests in extended reality (XR), using immersive virtual reality (VR) with controllers (BBT-VR-C), immersive VR with hand-tracking (BBT-VR-HT), and mixed-reality (MD-MR). OBJECTIVE: This study primarily aimed to assess and compare the validity of the BBT-VR-C, BBT-VR-HT and MD-MR to assess post-stroke manual dexterity...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491491/perceptions-of-students-and-faculty-on-ncaaa-accredited-health-informatics-programs-in-saudi-arabia-an-evaluative-study
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haitham Alzghaibi
BACKGROUND: As the healthcare sector becomes increasingly reliant on technology, it is crucial for universities to offer bachelor's degrees in health informatics (HI). HI professionals bridge the gap between IT and healthcare, ensuring that technology complements patient care and clinical workflows; they promote enhanced patient outcomes, support clinical research, and uphold data security and privacy standards. This study aims to evaluate accredited HI academic programs in Saudi Arabia...
March 15, 2024: BMC Medical Education
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491450/does-aligner-refinement-have-the-same-efficiency-in-deep-bite-correction-a-retrospective-study
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jessica Kang, Hyeran Helen Jeon, Nishat Shahabuddin
BACKGROUND: Refinements are very common in clear aligner treatments. The aim of this study is to assess whether the predictability of deep overbite correction is similar over several refinements using clear aligners (Invisalign, Align Technology, San Jose, Calif) and examine the accuracy of vertical movement and inclination change of individual teeth. METHODS: This retrospective study included 20 deep bite patients (7M and 13F; 32.63 ± 11.88 years old; an initial overbite of 5...
March 15, 2024: BMC Oral Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491328/a-novel-method-to-achieve-enhanced-and-optimal-commissural-alignment-during-transcatheter-aortic-valve-implantation
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takuya Tominaga, Yasuhiro Ichibori, Satoshi Nakawatase, Naoki Mori, Tomohiko Sakamoto, Toru Kuratani, Yoshiki Sawa, Yoshiharu Higuchi
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 16, 2024: Cardiovascular Intervention and Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491148/near-room-temperature-water-mediated-densification-of-bulk-van-der-waals-materials-from-their-nanosheets
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiuyi Zhu, Fei Li, YuanZhen Hou, Hang Li, Dingxin Xu, Junyang Tan, Jinhong Du, Shaogang Wang, Zhengbo Liu, HengAn Wu, FengChao Wang, Yang Su, Hui-Ming Cheng
The conventional fabrication of bulk van der Waals (vdW) materials requires a temperature above 1,000 °C to sinter from the corresponding particulates. Here we report the near-room-temperature densification (for example, ∼45 °C for 10 min) of two-dimensional nanosheets to form strong bulk materials with a porosity of <0.1%, which are mechanically stronger than the conventionally made ones. The mechanistic study shows that the water-mediated activation of van der Waals interactions accounts for the strong and dense bulk materials...
March 15, 2024: Nature Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491135/correlation-between-the-spread-of-imp-producing-bacteria-and-the-promoter-strength-of-bla-imp-genes
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuta Kikuchi, Mariko Yoshida, Asaomi Kuwae, Yukihiro Asami, Yuki Inahashi, Akio Abe
The first report of transmissible carbapenem resistance encoded by blaIMP-1 was discovered in Pseudomonas aeruginosa GN17203 in 1988, and blaIMP-1 has since been detected in other bacteria, including Enterobacterales. Currently, many variants of blaIMPs exist, and point mutations in the blaIMP promoter have been shown to alter promoter strength. For example, the promoter (Pc) of blaIMP-1 , first reported in P. aeruginosa GN17203, was a weak promoter (PcW) with low-level expression intensity. This study investigates whether point mutations in the promoter region have helped to create strong promoters under antimicrobial selection pressure...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491021/math-items-about-real-world-content-lower-test-scores-of-students-from-families-with-low-socioeconomic-status
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marjolein Muskens, Willem E Frankenhuis, Lex Borghans
In many countries, standardized math tests are important for achieving academic success. Here, we examine whether content of items, the story that explains a mathematical question, biases performance of low-SES students. In a large-scale cohort study of Trends in International Mathematics and Science Studies (TIMSS)-including data from 58 countries from students in grades 4 and 8 (N = 5501,165)-we examine whether item content that is more likely related to challenges for low-SES students (money, food, social relationships) improves their performance, compared with their average math performance...
March 15, 2024: NPJ Science of Learning
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490874/exploring-clinicians-insertion-experience-with-a-new-peripheral-intravenous-catheter-in-the-emergency-department
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hui Grace Xu, Areum Hyun, Evelyn Kang, Nicole Marsh, Amanda Corley
BACKGROUND: Hospitals frequently introduce new medical devices. However, the process of clinicians adapting to these new vascular access devices has not been well explored. The study aims to explore clinicians' experience with the insertion of a new guidewire peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) introduced in the emergency department (ED) setting. METHODS: The study was conducted at two EDs in Queensland, Australia, utilising a qualitative explorative approach...
March 14, 2024: Australasian emergency care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490809/on-demand-crack-formation-on-dna-film-via-organic-solvent-induced-dehydration
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Soeun Lee, Hyeonbin Moon, Juri Kim, Seunghwa Ryu, Soon Mo Park, Dong Ki Yoon
Crack is found on the soil when severe drought comes, which inspired the idea to rationalize patterning applications using dried deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) film. DNA is one of the massively produced biomaterials in nature, showing the lyotropic liquid crystal (LC) phase in highly concentrated conditions. DNA nanostructures in the hydrated condition can be orientation controlled, which can be extended to make drying-induced cracks. We explore the controlled crack generation in oriented DNA films by inducing mechanical fracture through organic solvent-induced dehydration (OSID) using tetrahydrofuran (THF)...
March 15, 2024: Advanced Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490664/exploring-norwegian-homecare-healthcare-professionals-perceptions-of-risk-and-the-link-to-high-quality-care-a-qualitative-multiple-case-study
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ingvild Idsøe-Jakobsen, Heidi Dombestein, Kolbjørn Kallesten Brønnick, Siri Wiig
OBJECTIVES: Homecare is a critical component of the ongoing restructuring of healthcare worldwide, given the shift from institution- to home-based care. The homecare evidence base still contains significant gaps: There is a lack of knowledge regarding quality and safety work and interventions. This study explores how home healthcare professionals perceive and use the concept of risk to guide them in providing high-quality healthcare while maintaining resilience. DESIGN: The study design is a qualitative multiple case study...
March 15, 2024: BMJ Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490564/optimizing-crispr-cas9-approaches-in-the-polymorphic-tunicate-ciona-intestinalis
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alessandro Pennati, Miloš Jakobi, Fan Zeng, Luca Ciampa, Ute Rothbächer
CRISPR/Cas9 became a powerful tool for genetic engineering and in vivo knockout also in the invertebrate chordate Ciona intestinalis. Ciona (ascidians, tunicates) is an important model organism because it shares developmental features with the vertebrates, considered the sister group of tunicates, and offers outstanding experimental advantages: a compact genome and an invariant developmental cell lineage that, combined with electroporation mediated transgenesis allows for precise and cell type specific targeting in vivo...
March 13, 2024: Developmental Biology
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