Compounding

A novel dual-mode fluorometric and colorimetric sensing platform is reported for determining glutathione S-transferase (GST) by utilizing polyethyleneimine-capped silver nanoclusters (PEI-AgNCs) and cobalt-manganese oxide nanosheets (CoMn-ONSs) with oxidase-like activity. Abundant active oxygen species (O2 •- ) can be produced through the CoMn-ONSs interacting with dissolved oxygen. Afterward, the pink oxDPD was generated through the oxidation of colorless N,N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPD) by O2 •- , and two absorption peaks at 510 and 551 nm could be observed...

This study identified 16 pyridoxal phosphate-dependent decarboxylases in olive at the whole-genome level, conducted analyses on their physicochemical properties, evolutionary relationships and characterized their activity. Group II pyridoxal phosphate-dependent decarboxylases (PLP_deC II) mediate the biosynthesis of characteristic olive metabolites, such as oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol. However, there have been no report on the functional differentiation of this gene family at the whole-genome level. This study conducted an exploration of the family members of PLP_deC II at the whole-genome level, identified 16 PLP_deC II genes, and analyzed their gene structure, physicochemical properties, cis-acting elements, phylogenetic evolution, and gene expression patterns...

The pathogenic free-living amoebae, Naegleria fowleri and Acanthamoeba polyphaga, are found in freshwater, soil, and unchlorinated or minimally chlorinated swimming pools. N. fowleri and A. polyphaga are becoming problematic as water leisure activities and drinking water are sources of infection. Chlorine dioxide (ClO2 ) gas is a potent disinfectant that is relatively harmless to humans at the concentration used for disinfection. In this study, we examined the amoebicidal effects of ClO2 gas on N. fowleri and A...

PURPOSE: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) commonly involves hand dexterity impairment. However, the factors affecting hand dexterity impairment are unknown and there is currently no established treatment. The purpose of the current study was to clarify factors influencing hand dexterity impairment in taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy using subjective and objective assessments. METHODS: We assessed patient characteristics, treatment-related factors, subjective symptoms of CIPN (Patient Neurotoxicity Questionnaire [PNQ]), psychological symptoms, and upper limb dysfunction (Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand [Quick DASH])...

The evolving landscape of personalized medicine necessitates a shift from traditional therapeutic interventions towards precision-driven approaches. Embracing this paradigm, our research probes the therapeutic efficacy of the aqueous crude extract (ACE) of Calocybe indica in cervical cancer treatment, merging botanical insights with advanced molecular research. We observed that ACE exerts significant influences on nuclear morphology and cell cycle modulation, further inducing early apoptosis and showcasing prebiotic attributes...

BI 187004, a selective small-molecule inhibitor of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 (11β-HSD1), displayed complex nonlinear pharmacokinetics (PK) in humans. Following nine single oral doses, BI 187004 exhibited nonlinear PK at low doses and linear PK at higher doses. Notably, substantial hepatic 11β-HSD1 inhibition (50%) was detected in a very low-dose group, achieving a consistent 70% hepatic enzyme inhibition in subsequent ascending doses without any dose-dependent effects. The unusual PK and PD profiles of BI 187004 suggest the presence of pharmacological target-mediated drug disposition (TMDD), arising from the saturable binding of BI 187004 compound to its high-affinity and low-capacity target 11β-HSD1...

Cancer is considered as the biggest medicinal challenge worldwide. During a typical treatment, the tumorous tissue is removed in a surgical procedure and the patient further treated by chemotherapy. One of the most frequently applied drugs are platinum complexes. Despite their clinical success, these compounds are associated with severe side effects and low therapeutic efficiency. To overcome these limitations, herein, the synthesis and biological evaluation of Cu(II) terpyridine complexes as chemotherapeutic drug candidates is suggested...

A sequential dearomatization/rearrangement reaction between quinazoline-derived azomethine imines and crotonate sulfonium salts has been developed to provide a series of three-dimensional cage-like molecules. The reaction involves two dearomatizations, two cyclizations, and two C-C bond and three C-N bond formations in one step. The new transformation has a broad substrate scope, does not require any added reagents, and proceeds under room temperature in a short time. A mechanistic rationale for the sequential dearomatization/rearrangement is also presented...

Laves phases exhibit a plethora of different structures and a multitude of physical properties. Investigations in the ternary system Hf-V-Al led to the discovery of numerous members of the solid solution Hf(V1- x Al x )2 , which adopt the hexagonal MgZn2 type (C14) for medium to high amounts of Al ( x = 0.2-1) and the cubic MgCu2 type (C15) for small Al amounts ( x = 0.05-0.1). While all members exhibit Pauli-paramagnetic behavior due to the absence of localized magnetic moments, the V-rich cubic member Hf(V0...

Aromatic carbonyls have been mainly probed as photosensitizers for aqueous secondary organic aerosol (aqSOA) and light-absorbing organic aerosol (i.e., brown carbon or BrC) formation, but due to their organic nature, they can also undergo oxidation to form aqSOA and BrC. However, photochemical transformations of aromatic carbonyl photosensitizers, particularly in multicomponent systems, are understudied. This study explored aqSOA formation from the irradiation of aromatic carbonyl photosensitizers in mixed and single systems under cloud/fog conditions...

Octahedrally coordinated spin crossover (SCO) FeII complexes represent an important class of switchable molecular materials. This study presents the synthesis and characterisation of a novel complex, [FeII (ppt-2Fph)2 ]0 ·2MeOH, where ppt-2Fph is a new asymmetric ionogenic tridentate planar ligand 2-(5-(2-fluorophenyl)-4 H -1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-6-(1 H -pyrazol-1-yl)pyridine. The complex exhibits a hysteretic thermally induced SCO transition at 285 K on cooling and at 293 K on heating, as well as light induced excited spin state trapping (LIESST) at lower temperatures with a relaxation T (LIESST) temperature of 73 K...

This study critically reevaluates reported Biginelli-like reactions using a Kamlet-Abboud-Taft-based solvent effect model. Surprisingly, structural misassignments were discovered in certain multicomponent reactions, leading to the identification of pseudo three-component derivatives instead of the expected MCR adducts. Attempts to replicate literature conditions failed, prompting reconsideration of the described MCRs and proposed mechanisms. Electrospray ionization (tandem) mass spectrometry, NMR, melting points, elemental analyses and single-crystal X-ray analysis exposed inaccuracies in reported MCRs and allowed for the proposition of a complete catalytic cycle...

In this work, a measurement setup to study the Seebeck and Nernst effect at high temperatures and high magnetic fields is introduced and discussed. The measurement system allows for simultaneous measurements of both thermoelectric effects up to 700 K and magnetic fields up to 12 T. Based on theoretical concepts, measurement equations are derived that counteract constant spurious offset voltages and, therefore, inhibit systematic errors in the measurement setup. The functionality is demonstrated on polycrystalline samples of elemental bismuth as well as various full-Heusler materials, exhibiting an anomalous Nernst effect...

Transition metal complexes, particularly copper hydrides, play an important role in various catalytic processes and molecular inorganic chemistry. This study employs synchrotron hard X-ray spectroscopy to gain insights into the geometric and electronic properties of copper hydrides as potential catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation. The potential of high energy resolution X-ray absorption near-edge structure (HERFD-XANES) and valence-to-core X-ray emission (VtC-XES) is demonstrated with measurement on Stryker's reagent (Cu6H6) and [Cu3(μ3-H)(dpmppe)2](PF6)2 (Cu3H), alongside a non-hydride copper compound (Cu-I)...

This work seeks to generate new knowledge about the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of cranberry against urinary tract infections (UTI). Using Caco-2 cells grown in Transwell inserts as an intestinal barrier model, we found that a cranberry-derived digestive fluid (containing 135 ± 5 mg of phenolic compounds/L) increased transepithelial electrical resistance with respect to control (ΔTEER = 54.5 Ω cm2 ) and decreased FITC-dextran paracellular transport by about 30%, which was related to the upregulation of the gene expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins (i...

UNLABELLED: Due to fungal diseases that threaten immunocompromised patients, along with the limited availability of antifungal agents, there is an urgent need for new antifungal compounds to treat fungal infections. Here, we aimed to identify potential antifungal drugs from natural products using the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe as a model organism since it shares many features with some pathogenic fungi. Here, we identified tubeimoside I (TBMS1), an extract from Chinese herbal medicine, that showed strong antifungal activity against S...

UNLABELLED: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant worldwide public health crisis that continues to threaten our ability to successfully treat bacterial infections. With the decline in effectiveness of conventional antimicrobial therapies and the lack of new antibiotic pipelines, there is a renewed interest in exploring the potential of metal-based antimicrobial compounds. Antimony-based compounds with a long history of use in medicine have re-emerged as potential antimicrobial agents...

UNLABELLED: Acquired immunity is an important way to construct the intestinal immune barrier in mammals, which is almost dependent on suckling. To develop a new strategy for accelerating the construction of gut microbiome, newborn Holstein calves were continuously fed with 40 mL of compound probiotics (containing Lactobacillus plantarum T-14, Enterococcus faecium T-11, Saccharomyces cerevisiae T-209, and Bacillus licheniformis T-231) per day for 60 days. Through diarrhea rate monitoring, immune index testing, antioxidant capacity detection, and metagenome sequencing, the changes in diarrhea incidence, average daily gain, immune index, and gut microbiome of newborn calves within 60 days were investigated...

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a pressing global issue exacerbated by the abuse of antibiotics and the formation of bacterial biofilms, which cause up to 80% of human bacterial infections. This study presents a computational strategy to address AMR by developing three novel quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models based on molecular topology to identify potential anti-biofilm and antibacterial agents. The models aim to determine the chemo-topological pattern of Gram (+) antibacterial, Gram (-) antibacterial, and biofilm formation inhibition activity...

Selective and sensitive detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) holds paramount importance in real-world applications. This study proposes an innovative approach utilizing a single ReS2 field-effect transistor (FET) characterized by distinct in-plane anisotropy, specifically tailored for VOC recognition. The unique responses of ReS2, endowed with robust in-plane anisotropic properties, demonstrate significant difference along the a-axis and b-axis directions when exposed to four kinds of VOCs: acetone, methanol, ethanol, and IPA...