keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518683/ineffectiveness-of-colistin-monotherapy-in-treating-carbapenem-resistant-acinetobacter-baumannii-pneumonia-a-retrospective-single-center-cohort-study
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cheon-Hoo Jeon, Si-Ho Kim, Hyoung-Tae Kim, Kyoung-Jin Park, Yu Mi Wi
BACKGROUND: Acinetobacter baumannii, a common carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacillus, usually causes nosocomial infections. Colistin has been used for carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) infections; however, only a few studies have evaluated colistin as a treatment option compared to appropriate controls. We investigated the effectiveness of colistin monotherapy in treating CRAB pneumonia compared to those treated without an active drug. METHODS: Adult patients (≥ 18 years) with CRAB isolated from respiratory specimens were screened from September 2017 to August 2022...
March 6, 2024: Journal of Infection and Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516448/a-rare-organism-causing-cholecystitis-with-bacteremia-in-a-breast-cancer-patient
#22
Mina Ghaly, Alyssa Zakala, Kavya Penmethsa, Kristy D Johnson-Pich
Pantoea , a gram-negative, rod-shaped, anaerobic bacterium, is a rare cause of human disease. Pantoea species have been known to mostly cause pulmonary disease in agricultural workers as they are native to select crops and wild animal furs. However, in very few documented cases, Pantoea has been discovered as the source of nosocomial infections, usually in the setting of an immunocompromised host. This case report details the clinical course of a 62-year-old immunocompromised female with stage 3 breast cancer presenting with acute cholecystitis and bacteremia and the unexpected discovery of Pantoea in peripheral and chemotherapy port blood cultures...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512984/reciprocal-regulation-of-enterococcal-cephalosporin-resistance-by-products-of-the-autoregulated-yvcj-glmr-yvcl-operon-enhances-fitness-during-cephalosporin-exposure
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dušanka Djorić, Samantha N Atkinson, Christopher J Kristich
Enterococci are commensal members of the gastrointestinal tract and also major nosocomial pathogens. They possess both intrinsic and acquired resistance to many antibiotics, including intrinsic resistance to cephalosporins that target bacterial cell wall synthesis. These antimicrobial resistance traits make enterococcal infections challenging to treat. Moreover, prior therapy with antibiotics, including broad-spectrum cephalosporins, promotes enterococcal proliferation in the gut, resulting in dissemination to other sites of the body and subsequent infection...
March 21, 2024: PLoS Genetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38510907/effectiveness-of-ceftazidime-avibactam-in-gram-negative-nosocomial-pneumonia-a-real-world-study-in-india
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Neha Gupta, Sanjith Saseedharan, Yashesh Paliwal
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The incidences of nosocomial pneumonia in intensive care units (ICUs) in India have been reported to range from 9% to 58% and are associated with a mortality rate of 30-70%. Ceftazidime-avibactam has activity against OXA-48-like carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) and has a safer adverse effect profile as compared to the nephrotoxic colistin. The current study aimed to assess the effectiveness and usage pattern of ceftazidime-avibactam in gram-negative hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in real-world settings in India...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38510115/cultivation-and-sequencing-free-protocol-for-serratia-marcescens-detection-and-typing
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alessandro Alvaro, Aurora Piazza, Stella Papaleo, Matteo Perini, Ajay Ratan Pasala, Simona Panelli, Tiago Nardi, Riccardo Nodari, Lodovico Sterzi, Cristina Pagani, Cristina Merla, Daniele Castelli, Emanuela Olivieri, Silvia Bracco, Maria Laura Ferrando, Francesca Saluzzo, Sara Giordana Rimoldi, Marta Corbella, Annalisa Cavallero, Paola Prati, Claudio Farina, Daniela Maria Cirillo, Gianvincenzo Zuccotti, Francesco Comandatore
Serratia marcescens is an opportunistic pathogen that survives in inhospitable environments causing large outbreaks, particularly in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Genomic studies revealed that most S. marcescens nosocomial infections are caused by a specific clone (here "Infectious clone"). Whole genome sequencing (WGS) is the only portable method able to identify this clone, but it requires days to obtain results. We present a cultivation-free hypervariable-locus melting typing (HLMT) protocol for the fast detection and typing of S...
April 19, 2024: IScience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38507111/identification-and-characterization-of-acinetobacter-nosocomialis-bfmrs-two-component-regulatory-system-essential-for-biofilm-development
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chul Hee Choi, Seyoung Mun, Man Hwan Oh
BACKGROUND: Biofilm development by bacteria is considered to be an essential stage in the bacterial infection. Acinetobacter nosocomialis is an important nosocomial pathogen causing a variety of human infections. However, characteristics and specific determinants of biofilm development have been poorly characterized in A. nosocomialis. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the factors involved in the biofilm development by A. nosocomialis. METHODS: Library of random transposon mutants was constructed using the Tn5 mutagenesis...
March 20, 2024: Genes & Genomics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38506718/-in-vitro-and-in-silico-assessment-of-anti-biofilm-and-anti-quorum-sensing-properties-of-2-4-di-tert-butylphenol-against-acinetobacter-baumannii
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nisha Kumari Jha, Venkadesaperumal Gopu, Chandran Sivasankar, Satya Ranjan Singh, Palanisamy Bruntha Devi, Ayaluru Murali, Prathapkumar Halady Shetty
Introduction. Acinetobacter baumannii is a nosocomial pathogen with a high potential to cause food-borne infections. It is designated as a critical pathogen by the World Health Organization due to its multi-drug resistance and mortalities reported. Biofilm governs major virulence factors, which promotes drug resistance in A. baumannii . Thus, a compound with minimum selection pressure on the pathogen can be helpful to breach biofilm-related virulence. Hypothesis/Gap Statement. To identify anti-biofilm and anti-virulent metabolites from extracts of wild Mangifera indica (mango) brine pickle bacteria that diminishes pathogenesis and resistance of A...
March 2024: Journal of Medical Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38506388/post-trauma-acinetobacter-baumanii-meningitis-treatment-approach
#28
Cem Erdoğan, Zeynep Betul Balcioglu, Isa Seida, Denız Kizilaslan
A. baumannii, which is said to be associated with nosocomial infections is considered a significant mortality risk if not adequately addressed. A. baumannii infections typically occur in the aftermath of surgery or trauma. Our patient developed complicated A. baumannii meningitis with lateral ventriculitis and a lumbar abscess post surgery after suffering from a fall. The patient was treated with a 21-day regimen of intrathecally administered colistin and polymyxin B. Following this therapeutic period, the patient's condition improved, ultimately leading to successful recovery and subsequent discharge...
March 2024: Turkish Journal of Trauma & Emergency Surgery: TJTES
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38504567/identification-of-potential-inhibitors-of-three-ndm-variants-of-klebsiella-species-from-natural-compounds-a-molecular-docking-molecular-dynamics-simulation-and-mm-pbsa-study
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nakul Neog, Minakshi Puzari, Pankaj Chetia
BACKGROUND: Klebsiella species have emerged as well-known opportunistic pathogens causing nosocomial infections with β-lactamase-mediated resistance as a prevalent antibiotic resistance mechanism. The discovery and emergence of metallo-β-lactamases, mainly new- Delhi metallo-β-lactamases (NDMs), have increased the threat and challenges in healthcare facilities. OBJECTIVE: A computational screening was conducted using 570 natural compounds from Dr...
March 18, 2024: Current Computer-aided Drug Design
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500839/carriage-of-third-generation-cephalosporin-resistant-and-carbapenem-resistant-enterobacterales-among-children-in-sub-saharan-africa-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Micaela Ruef, Stephane Emonet, Arnaud Merglen, Juan Emmanuel Dewez, Basilice Minka Obama, Gaud Catho, Diego O Andrey, Morgane Kowalski, Stephan Harbarth, Christophe Combescure, Noémie Wagner, Annick Galetto-Lacour
BACKGROUND: The increasing resistance of Enterobacterales to third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is a major public health concern. We did a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies to estimate the carriage prevalence of Enterobacterales not susceptible to third-generation cephalosporins or carbapenems among paediatric populations in SSA. METHODS: We performed a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional and cohort studies to estimate the prevalence of childhood (0-18 years old) carriage of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales (ESCR-E) or carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) in SSA...
April 2024: EClinicalMedicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38498108/best-practices-for-identifying-hospitalized-lower-respiratory-tract-infections-using-administrative-data-a-systematic-literature-review-of-validation-studies
#31
REVIEW
Germaine Hanquet, Christian Theilacker, Jeffrey Vietri, Ingrid Sepúlveda-Pachón, Sonia Menon, Bradford Gessner, Elizabeth Begier
INTRODUCTION: Estimating the burden of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) increasingly relies on administrative databases using International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes, but no standard methodology exists. We defined best practices for ICD-based algorithms that estimate LRTI incidence in adults. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of validation studies assessing the use of ICD code-based algorithms to identify hospitalized LRTIs in adults, published in Medline, EMBASE, and LILACS between January 1996 and January 2022, according to PRISMA guidelines...
March 18, 2024: Infectious Diseases and Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493003/clinical-impact-of-vancomycin-mic-on-outcomes-in-patients-with-coagulase-negative-staphylococcal-bacteremia
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wade Wheat, Brenda Simiyu, Gabriela Andonie, Lillian Bellfi
PURPOSE: Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are Gram-positive organisms that are a known component of normal skin flora and the most common cause of nosocomial bacteremia. For CoNS species, the vancomycin MIC breakpoint for susceptibility set by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute is ≤4 µg/mL. There has been published reports of vancomycin heteroresistance in CoNS with vancomycin MICs of 2 to 4 µg/mL. The aim of this retrospective cohort analysis was to assess the clinical impact of vancomycin MICs <2 µg/mL versus ≥2 µg/mL in adult patients with CoNS bloodstream infections...
March 15, 2024: Clinical Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489099/biofilm-producing-and-carbapenems-resistant-escherichia-coli-nosocomial-uropathogens-a-cross-sectional-study
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Doaa Abo-Alella, Wessam Abdelmoniem, Enas Tantawy, Ahmed Asaad
OBJECTIVES: This cross-sectional study aims to determine the incidence and potential risk factors associated with biofilm-producing uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) nosocomial strains from a tertiary care hospital and to examine the prospective correlation between biofilm generation and antibiotic resistance phenotypes and genotypes. METHODS: A total of 130 UPEC nosocomial isolates were identified, their biofilm formation was quantified using a modified microtiter plate assay, and their antibiotic susceptibilities were assessed utilizing the disc diffusion method...
March 15, 2024: International Microbiology: the Official Journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489041/sub-inhibitory-concentrations-of-colistin-and-imipenem-impact-the-expression-of-biofilm-associated-genes-in-acinetobacter-baumannii
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J N Bhavya, Sureddi Sai Anugna, Ramya Premanath
Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen that is responsible for nosocomial infections. Imipenem and colistin are drugs that are commonly used to treat severe infections caused by A. baumannii, such as sepsis, ventilator-associated pneumonia, and bacteremia. However, some strains of A. baumannii have become resistant to these drugs, which is a concern for public health. Biofilms produced by A. baumannii increase their resistance to antibiotics and the cells within the inner layers of biofilm are exposed to sub-inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of antibiotics...
March 15, 2024: Archives of Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488974/covid-19-outbreak-among-employees-of-a-german-hospital-risk-factor-analysis-based-on-a-follow-up-questionnaire-and-seroprevalence
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jennifer Kosenkow, Juliane Ankert, Michael Baier, Miriam Kesselmeier, Mathias W Pletz
BACKGROUND: The Co-FriSero study describes a COVID-19 outbreak at the Friedrichroda hospital in Thuringia, Germany, with 185 beds and 404 employees, at the onset of the pandemic between March 30th, 2020, and April 13th, 2020. This study aimed to analyze potential sources of SARS-CoV-2 transmission amongst hospital employees. METHODS: After the outbreak, a comprehensive follow-up was conducted through a questionnaire and a seroprevalence study using two different immunoassays for IgG detection and a third for discordant results...
March 15, 2024: Infection
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487146/ventilator-associated-lower-respiratory-tract-infections-and-their-association-with-covid-19-a-retrospective-cohort-study-in-a-portuguese-intensive-treatment-unit
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
André Fernandes, Joao Nuno Patricio, Rita Jorge, Raquel Nazareth, Carlos S Pereira
Introduction Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most common infectious complication related to admission to an Intensive Treatment Unit (ITU). Ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infection (VA-LRTI) is a broader diagnosis than VAP. By disregarding radiological criteria, it will include both VAP and ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis. This study, conducted in the setting of a Portuguese ITU, aims to study the incidence, microbiology and clinical outcome of VA-LRTI and its association with COVID-19...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486459/-in-silico-strategies-for-identifying-therapeutic-candidates-against-acinetobacter-baumannii-spotlight-on-the-udp-n-acetylmuramoyl-l-alanine-d-glutamate-meso-diaminopimelate-ligase-mure
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ankit Kumar, Pratyaksha Singh, Ekampreet Singh, Monika Jain, Jayaraman Muthukumaran, Amit Kumar Singh
The opportunistic bacterium Acinetobacter baumannii , which belongs to ESKAPE group of pathogenic bacteria, is leading cause of infections associated with gram-negative bacteria. Acinetobacter baumannii causes severe diseases, such as VAP (ventilator-associated pneumonia), meningitis, and UTI (urinary tract infections) among the nosocomial infections contracted in hospitals. The high infection rate and growing resistance to the vast array of antibiotics makes it paramount to look for new therapeutic strategies against this pathogen...
March 14, 2024: Journal of Biomolecular Structure & Dynamics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485022/antibacterial-efficacy-mode-of-action-and-safety-of-a-novel-nano-antibiotic-against-antibiotic-resistant-escherichia-coli-strains
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chukwudi S Ubah, Lok R Pokhrel, Jordan E Williams, Shaw M Akula, Stephanie L Richards, Gregory D Kearney, Andre Williams
Globally rising antibiotic-resistant (AR) and multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacterial infections are of public health concern due to treatment failure with current antibiotics. Enterobacteria, particularly Escherichia coli, cause infections of surgical wound, bloodstream, and urinary tract, including pneumonia and sepsis. Herein, we tested in vitro antibacterial efficacy, mode of action (MoA), and safety of novel amino-functionalized silver nanoparticles (NH2 -AgNP) against the AR bacteria. Two AR E. coli strains (i...
March 12, 2024: Science of the Total Environment
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484958/phenotypic-and-molecular-characterization-of-multi-drug-resistant-klebsiella-spp-isolates-recovered-from-clinical-settings
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hassan Diab, Kelven Rahy, Tamima Jisr, Mira El Chaar, Edmond Abboud, Sima Tokajian
Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the gastrointestinal tract and nasopharynx with many being linked to nosocomial infections. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL)-producing and carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae is recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a critical public health concern. In this study, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) - based analysis was performed to understand the molecular epidemiology of multi-drug resistant Klebsiella spp. clinical isolates...
March 12, 2024: Infection, Genetics and Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484340/clinical-characteristics-and-risk-factors-for-klebsiella-pneumoniae-bloodstream-infection-in-152-immunocompetent-patients
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qun Zhang, Pan Wang, Menghuan Shen, Chun Shan
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognostic risk factors for Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infections in immunocompetent patients. METHODS: The study included patients with K. pneumoniae bloodstream infection treated in Zhongda Hospital from June 2016 to June 2021. Clinical data and antibiotic susceptibility test results were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Independent risk factors for mortality were screened using the chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression...
February 29, 2024: Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
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