Acinetobacter

Single-chamber microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have been shown to be a promising approach for cefazolin sodium (CFZS)-contaminated wastewater treatment, in terms of electricity production, high CFZS tolerance and effective CFZS removal. MFCs exposed to CFZS loadings up to 100 mg L(-1), produced stable power of 18.2 ± 1.1 W m(-3) and a maximum power of 30.4 ± 2.1 W m(-3), similar to that of CFZS-free MFCs (stable power 19.4 ± 0.8 W m(-3) and maximum power 32.5 ± 1.6 W m(-3)), notwithstanding a longer acclimitisation MFC activation...

In the past decade, gut microbiota has come to the fore in search for the cause of disregulation in intestinal homeostasis. Here, we report a possible link between gut microbial dynamics and stress inducing factors using the leaf worm moth Spodoptera litura as a model organism. Investigation reveals that S. litura exhibits dysbiosis i.e. alteration in the gut microbiota composition that might induce or suppress inflammation upon exposure to dextran sulfate, sodium salt, a tissue damaging agent (DSS, 40kD). It primarily corresponds to an expansion of the bacterial phylotypes Enterobacter sp...

Although Vietnamese residents frequently harbor extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-E), it is unclear which foods/beverages are risk factors for acquiring these bacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency with which edible ice served in restaurants is contaminated with antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and thereby clarify whether this product poses a risk for ESBL-E carriage in humans. Ice from restaurants in Vietnam and Japan was screened for bacteria capable of growing on agar containing cefotaxime (BG-CTX)...

Objective: The aim of this work was to report the surveillance and dissemination of NDM-1 positive bacteria in a patient and ward environment. Methods: In 2010, during the therapy for a 51 years old patient, clinical and environmental samples were collected for carbapenem resistant bacterial culture, according to the clinical microbiological examination. Strains identification and antibiotic susceptibility were tested by VITEK Compact 2 system and E-test. The bla(NDM-1) was detected by PCR and analyzed by sequencing...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Objective: To compare risk factors and bacterial etiology in patients with early-onset versus late-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: This prospective cohort study enrolled mechanically ventilated patients hospitalized for more than 48 hours in the first affiliated hospital, China Medical University from Jan 2012 to Jun 2016. Subjects were classified by ventilator status: early-onset VAP (< 5 d ventilation, E-VAP) or late-onset VAP (≥ 5 d ventilation, L-VAP)...

With multidrug resistant bacteria on the rise, novel antibiotics are becoming highly sought after. In 2008, eleven compounds were identified by high throughput screening as inhibitors of BasE, a key enzyme of the non-ribosomal peptide synthetase pathway found in Acinetobacter baumannii. Herein, we describe the preparation of four structurally similar heterocyclic lead compounds from that study, including one 1,2,5-oxadiazole. A further library of 30 analogues containing the oxadiazole moiety was then generated...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

AIMS: The antibiotic colistin, which had been previously abandoned, is being brought back as a last line of defense against bacterial infection. However, colistin resistance was reported shortly after its reintroduction. This study evaluated the risk factors for colonization/infections due to colistin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (ColR-Ab) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (ColR-Kp) strains and characterized the molecular epidemiology of these two strains. RESULTS: Age, previous hospitalization duration, and previous use of carbapenem and colistin were risk factors for ColR-Kp, whereas previous use of carbapenem and colistin was a risk factor for ColR-Ab...

The aim of the study is to explore the experiences in diagnosis and treatment of severe neurosurgical patients with pyogenic ventriculitis caused by gram-negative bacteria (G(-)). Nineteen patients with pyogenic ventriculitis were reviewed for their treatment. The bacterial testing results of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), the clinical intervention, and the patients' prognosis were evaluated. The bacterial smears of ventricular drainage from all the cases were G(-) bacteria. Head CT and MRI scans confirmed that they were intraventricular empyema...

BACKGROUND: Carbapenem-resistant (CR) Gram-negative pathogens are recognized as a major health concern. This study examined the prevalence of infections due to 4 CR Gram-negative species (Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli) in the United States and assessed their impact on hospital stays and mortality. METHODS: Hospitalized patients with laboratory-confirmed infection due to any of the 4 Gram-negative pathogens were identified from the Premier Healthcare Database...

We report an atypical case of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis (ANMDARE). A 27-year-old man diagnosed with ANMDARE received immunotherapy and had a good recovery. However, within one month, he developed severe status epilepticus and decreased level of conscience with new hyperpyrexia and dyspnea, and was admitted to the emergency intensive care unit. Acinetobacter baumanii were found in the sputum culture; and anti-NMDAR antibodies were positive (titer: 1/80) in the cerebrospinal fluid. Repeated immunotherapy was administered with antibacterial agents, and the patient recovered except for mild psychiatric sequelae...

BACKGROUND: Postoperative meningitis is a growing cause of concern, especially with the evolution of multidrug-resistant organism. The authors evaluate the use of intraventricular/intrathecal (IVT/IT) antibiotics for postoperative gram-negative meningitis in patients whom intravenous antibiotics were ineffective. METHODS: Medical records were retrospectively reviewed and neurosurgery patients with gram-negative postoperative infection meningitis/ventriculitis were enrolled in the study...

OBJECTIVES: Ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (VAT) is a common cause of mortality and morbidity in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). This study was conducted to evaluate the clinical course, etiology, and antimicrobial resistance of bacterial agents of VAT in ICUs in Hamedan, Iran. METHODS: During a 12-month period, all patients with VAT in a medical and a surgical ICU were included. The criteria for the diagnosis of VAT were fever, mucus production, a positive culture of tracheal secretions, and the absence of lung infiltration...

BACKGROUND: A reliable method of polymyxin B and E (colistin) susceptibility testing remains elusive. These drugs diffuse poorly into agar, creating potentially inaccurate Etest and disk diffusion results, and testing by these methods is not recommended. Broth microdilution is the reference testing method, although it can be sometimes difficult to interpret. Currently, when a colistin susceptibility test is ordered for a patient in the Ochsner Health System, our diagnostic microbiology laboratory performs the Etest...

Actinomycetes are well-known as the source of bioactive metabolites. In this work, 16 out of 118 (13.6%) isolates of mangrove sediment-derived actinomycetes showed potential antibacterial activity against at least one bacterial strain. Five extracts from isolates AMA11, AMA12 and AMA21 exhibited a broad spectrum antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC35984, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) SK1, Acinetobacter baumannii NPRC004 and Escherichia coli ATCC25922...

INTRODUCTION: Biological particles deposit on air handling system filters as they process air. This study reports and interprets abundance and diversity information regarding biomass accumulation on ordinarily used filters acquired from several locations in a university environment. METHODS: DNA-based analysis was applied both to quantify (via DNA fluorometry and qPCR) and to characterize (via high-throughput sequencing) the microbial material on filters, which mainly processed recirculated indoor air...

One new depsidone, botryorhodine H (1), together with three known analogues, botryorhodines C, D and G (2-4), were obtained from the mangrove endophytic fungus Trichoderma sp. 307 by co-culturing with Acinetobacter johnsonii B2. Structures were determined by 1D and 2D NMR analyses and high-resolution mass spectrum. Compounds 1-3 showed α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50 ranging from 8.1 to 11.2 μM, and compound 1 exhibited potent cytotoxicity against rat prolactinoma MMQ and rat pituitary adenoma GH3 cell lines (IC50 = 3...

Intact human skin surface is essential for protection against infection, preservation of body fluid homeostasis and thermoregulation. Burn injury compromises the skin barrier and enables bacterial infection, hence delaying burn wound healing. This study aimed to determine the microbial profile of burn wounds, and resistance patterns of microbes with respect to the source of the injured patient's wound. Fifty wound swab samples were collected from fifty burn patients at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra (KBTH)...

Infection is a major cause of mortality and morbidity among burn patients. An effective measure to reduce infection is routine monitoring of bacterial infection and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns at the burn unit. This will help to create a burn centre-specific empirical antibiotic therapy protocol. A retrospective, descriptive study was conducted at the Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (RSCM) Burn Unit between September-November 2016. Data regarding bacterial culture isolates, antimicrobial susceptibility spectrum, and the number of burn patients diagnosed with sepsis were collected...