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• keyword#1
Jasna Hrenovic, Goran Durn, Martina Seruga Music, Svjetlana Dekic, Tamara Troskot-Corbic, Dijana Skoric
In a karst pit above City of Rijeka in Croatia the hazardous industrial waste was continuously disposed from 1955 to 1990, and later it was periodically used as an illegal dump site. The surface part of a technosol at the edge of dump was analysed mineralogically, geochemically and bacteriologically. From the technosol rich in petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals three isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii were recovered. Isolates from technosol shared many features that are previously described for clinically isolates: the affiliation to IC1 and 2, multi-drug resistant (MDR) or extensively drug-resistant (XDR) antibiotic resistance profile, carbapenem resistance mediated by blaOXA72 and blaOXA23 genes, and the expression of virulence factors...
July 15, 2017: Science of the Total Environment
#2
Shamayeeta Ray, Santosh Panjikar, Ruchi Anand
Phenolic aromatic compounds are a major source of environmental pollution. Currently there are no in situ methods for specifically and selectively detecting these pollutants. Here, we exploit the nature's biosensory machinery by employing Acinetobacter calcoaceticus NCIB8250 protein, MopR, as a model system to develop biosensors for selective detection of a spectrum of these pollutants. The X-ray structure of the sensor domain of MopR was used as a scaffold for logic-based tunable biosensor design. By employing a combination of in silico structure guided approaches, mutagenesis and isothermal calorimetric studies, we were able to generate biosensor templates, that can selectively and specifically sense harmful compounds like chlorophenols, cresols, catechol, and xylenols...
March 24, 2017: ACS Sensors
#3
Stephanie W Gallo, Carlos Alexandre S Ferreira, Sílvia D de Oliveira
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
July 18, 2017: Journal of Medical Microbiology
#4
Shogo Yoshimoto, Yuki Ohara, Hajime Nakatani, Katsutoshi Hori
BACKGROUND: Immobilization of microbial cells is an important strategy for the efficient use of whole-cell catalysts because it simplifies product separation, enables the cell concentration to be increased, stabilizes enzymatic activity, and permits repeated or continuous biocatalyst use. However, conventional immobilization methods have practical limitations, such as limited mass transfer in the inner part of a gel, gel fragility, cell leakage from the support matrix, and adverse effects on cell viability and catalytic activity...
July 18, 2017: Microbial Cell Factories
#5
Yan Q Xiong, Angeles Estellés, L Li, W Abdelhady, R Gonzales, Arnold S Bayer, Edgar Tenorio, Anton Leighton, Stefan Ryser, Lawrence M Kauvar
Many serious bacterial infections are antibiotic-refractory due to biofilm formation. A key structural component of biofilm is extracellular DNA which is stabilized by bacterial proteins, including those from the DNABII family. TRL1068 is a high affinity human monoclonal antibody against a DNABII epitope conserved across both gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial species. In the current study, the efficacy of TRL1068 for disruption of biofilm was demonstrated in vitro in the absence of antibiotics by scanning electron microscopy...
July 17, 2017: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
#6
Bahiah Ismail, Mohd Nazri Shafei, Azian Harun, Saedah Ali, Mahamarowi Omar, Zakuan Zainy Deris
BACKGROUND: With increasing prevalence and spread of multidrug resistant Gram-negative infections, parenteral polymyxins resurged in clinical practice. The primary aim of the study was to determine the predictors of treatment failure and in-hospital mortality among critically ill patients treated with polymyxin B. METHODS: Demographic data, underlying diseases, procedures and details on polymyxin B therapy were retrospectively analyzed in a cohort of 84 patients who received intravenous polymyxin B in an intensive care unit from 2010 to 2014...
June 29, 2017: Journal of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infection, Wei Mian Yu Gan Ran za Zhi
#7
Anastasia V Popova, Daria G Lavysh, Evgeniy I Klimuk, Mikhail V Edelstein, Alexander G Bogun, Mikhail M Shneider, Artemiy E Goncharov, Sergey V Leonov, Konstantin V Severinov
Acinetobacter baumannii is a gram-negative, non-fermenting aerobic bacterium which is often associated with hospital-acquired infections and known for its ability to develop resistance to antibiotics, form biofilms, and survive for long periods in hospital environments. In this study, we present two novel viruses, vB_AbaP_AS11 and vB_AbaP_AS12, specifically infecting and lysing distinct multidrug-resistant clinical A. baumannii strains with K19 and K27 capsular polysaccharide structures, respectively. Both phages demonstrate rapid adsorption, short latent periods, and high burst sizes in one-step growth experiments...
July 17, 2017: Viruses
#8
Prioritizing multiple therapeutic targets in parallel using automated DNA-encoded library screening.
Carl A Machutta, Christopher S Kollmann, Kenneth E Lind, Xiaopeng Bai, Pan F Chan, Jianzhong Huang, Lluis Ballell, Svetlana Belyanskaya, Gurdyal S Besra, David Barros-Aguirre, Robert H Bates, Paolo A Centrella, Sandy S Chang, Jing Chai, Anthony E Choudhry, Aaron Coffin, Christopher P Davie, Hongfeng Deng, Jianghe Deng, Yun Ding, Jason W Dodson, David T Fosbenner, Enoch N Gao, Taylor L Graham, Todd L Graybill, Karen Ingraham, Walter P Johnson, Bryan W King, Christopher R Kwiatkowski, Joël Lelièvre, Yue Li, Xiaorong Liu, Quinn Lu, Ruth Lehr, Alfonso Mendoza-Losana, John Martin, Lynn McCloskey, Patti McCormick, Heather P O'Keefe, Thomas O'Keeffe, Christina Pao, Christopher B Phelps, Hongwei Qi, Keith Rafferty, Genaro S Scavello, Matt S Steiginga, Flora S Sundersingh, Sharon M Sweitzer, Lawrence M Szewczuk, Amy Taylor, May Fern Toh, Juan Wang, Minghui Wang, Devan J Wilkins, Bing Xia, Gang Yao, Jean Zhang, Jingye Zhou, Christine P Donahue, Jeffrey A Messer, David Holmes, Christopher C Arico-Muendel, Andrew J Pope, Jeffrey W Gross, Ghotas Evindar
The identification and prioritization of chemically tractable therapeutic targets is a significant challenge in the discovery of new medicines. We have developed a novel method that rapidly screens multiple proteins in parallel using DNA-encoded library technology (ELT). Initial efforts were focused on the efficient discovery of antibacterial leads against 119 targets from Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus. The success of this effort led to the hypothesis that the relative number of ELT binders alone could be used to assess the ligandability of large sets of proteins...
July 17, 2017: Nature Communications
#9
Rong Chen, Ruichen Lv, Lisheng Xiao, Min Wang, Zongmin Du, Yafang Tan, Yujun Cui, Yanfeng Yan, Yanping Luo, Ruifu Yang, Yajun Song
Two-component systems in Acinetobacter baumannii are associated with its virulence, drug resistance, motility, biofilm formation, and other characteristics. In this study, we used RecAb , a genetic engineering method, to investigate the function of A1S_2811 in A. baumannii strain ATCC17978. A1S_2811, a hypothetical hybrid sensor histidine kinase/response regulator, has four histidine-containing phosphotransfer domains, a CheA-like regulatory domain, and a CheY-like receiver domain at its C terminus. Compared with the ATCC17978 strain, both surface motility and biofilm formation at the gas-liquid interface decreased significantly in the A1S_2811 knock-out strain...
July 17, 2017: MicrobiologyOpen
#10
Yi-Fan Hu, Charles Jia-Yin Hou, Chien-Feng Kuo, Nai-Yu Wang, Alice Ying-Jung Wu, Ching-Hsiang Leung, Chang-Pan Liu, Hung-I Yeh
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the predominant clones of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) in our hospital in Taiwan by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) technique. METHODS: We collected 108 non-duplicate A. baumannii clinical blood isolates from January 2012 to December 2013 in MacKay Memorial Hospital. PFGE and MLST were used for typing the A. baumannii isolates and for investigation of the predominant clones...
June 22, 2017: Journal of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infection, Wei Mian Yu Gan Ran za Zhi
#11
Alexander Reinisch, Patrizia Malkomes, Nils Habbe, Wolf Otto Bechstein, Juliane Liese
PURPOSE: Bacterial infections are a factor for morbidity in patients with acute appendicitis (AA). The spreading of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria is a significant problem in surgery, and the most relevant MDR pathogens are summarized as Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococci (ESKAPE) bacteria. Data regarding the species and distribution of bacteria in AA are available, but information about the resistances and their relevance is deficient...
July 15, 2017: International Journal of Colorectal Disease
#12
Angela Huttner, Werner C Albrich, Pierre-Yves Bochud, Angèle Gayet-Ageron, Anne Rossel, Elodie von Dach, Stephan Harbarth, Laurent Kaiser
INTRODUCTION: Antibiotic overuse drives antibiotic resistance. The optimal duration of antibiotic therapy for Gram-negative bacteraemia (GNB), a common community and hospital-associated infection, remains unknown and unstudied via randomised controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This investigator-initiated, multicentre, non-inferiority, informatics-based point-of-care RCT will randomly assign adult hospitalised patients receiving microbiologically efficacious antibiotic(s) for GNB to (1) 14 days of antibiotic therapy, (2) 7 days of therapy or (3) an individualised duration determined by clinical response and 75% reduction in peak C reactive protein (CRP) values...
July 13, 2017: BMJ Open
#13
Tasnee Chonmaitree, Kristofer Jennings, Georgiy Golovko, Kamil Khanipov, Maria Pimenova, Janak A Patel, David P McCormick, Michael J Loeffelholz, Yuriy Fofanov
BACKGROUND: Interferences between pathogenic bacteria and specific commensals are known. We determined the interactions between nasopharyngeal microbial pathogens and commensals during viral upper respiratory tract infection (URI) and acute otitis media (AOM) in infants. METHODS: We analyzed 971 specimens collected monthly and during URI and AOM episodes from 139 infants. The 16S rRNA V4 gene regions were sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq platform. RESULTS: Among the high abundant genus-level nasopharyngeal microbiota were Moraxella, Haemophilus, and Streptococcus (3 otopathogen genera), Corynebacterium, Dolosigranulum, Staphylococcus, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, and Bifidobacterium...
2017: PloS One
#14
Nayab Qamar, Yasir Rehman, Shahida Hasnain
AIMS: The aim of the study was to explore irrigation water polluted with industrial waste and corresponding cropland to screen bacteria for As-detoxification and plant growth promotion. METHODS AND RESULTS: Plant growth promoting As-resistant cropland bacteria were isolated from contaminated irrigation water and corresponding agricultural soil. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolates belonged to 2 distinct bacterial lineages; Firmicutes and γ-Proteobacteria...
July 14, 2017: Journal of Applied Microbiology
#15
John C Thomas, Thorunn Helgason, Chris J Sinclair, James W B Moir
Metaldehyde is a common molluscicide, used to control slugs in agriculture and horticulture. It is resistant to breakdown by current water treatment processes, and its accumulation in drinking water sources leads to regular regulatory failures in drinking water quality. To address this problem, we isolated metaldehyde-degrading microbes from domestic soils. Two distinct bacterial isolates were cultured, that were able to grow prototrophically using metaldehyde as sole carbon and energy source. One isolate belonged to the genus Acinetobacter (strain designation E1) and the other isolate belonged to the genus Variovorax (strain designation E3)...
July 13, 2017: Microbial Biotechnology
#16
Marilina Fernández, Gustavo M Morales, Elizabeth Agostini, Paola S González
Acinetobacter guillouiae SFC 500-1A, a native bacterial strain isolated from tannery sediments, is able to simultaneously remove high concentrations of Cr(VI) and phenol. In this complementary study, high-resolution microscopy techniques, such as atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), were used to improve our understanding of some bacterial adaptive mechanisms that enhance their ability to survive. AFM contributed in gaining insight into changes in bacterial size and morphology...
July 13, 2017: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
#17
Tzu-Chao Lin, Rui-Xin Wu, Chih-Chien Chiu, Ya-Sung Yang, Yi Lee, Jung-Chung Lin, Feng-Yee Chang
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Bloodstream infection is a leading cause of mortality among burn patients. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors, causative pathogens, and the relationship between bloodstream infections and other infections among burn patients from the Formosa Fun Coast Dust Explosion. METHODS: This retrospective study evaluated the demographic and clinical characteristics, infection types, causative pathogen(s), and isolates' antibiotic susceptibilities from patients who were hospitalized between June 27 and September 31, 2015...
June 22, 2017: Journal of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infection, Wei Mian Yu Gan Ran za Zhi
#18
Puyuan Li, Yong Huang, Lan Yu, Yannan Liu, Wenkai Niu, Dayang Zou, Huiying Liu, Jing Zheng, Xiuyun Yin, Jing Yuan, Xin Yuan, Changqing Bai
OBJECTIVES: Heteroresistance is a phenomenon in which there are various responses to antibiotics from bacterial cells within the same population. Here, we isolated and characterised an imipenem heteroresistant Acinetobacter baumannii strain (HRAB-85). METHODS: The genome of strain HRAB-85 was completely sequenced and analysed to understand its antibiotic resistance mechanisms. POPULATION: analysis and multilocus sequence typing were performed...
July 10, 2017: International Journal of Infectious Diseases: IJID
#19
Vishvanath Tiwari, Deepika Tiwari, Varsha Patel, Monalisa Tiwari
Acinetobacter baumannii, opportunistic nosocomial pathogen, increases gradually in the clinical setup. The high level of resistance mechanisms acquired by these bacteria makes their eradication difficult and biofilm formation is one of them. Biofilm comprises of closely packed bacterial population crowded together by extra-cellular matrix (ECM). ECM contains bacterial secreted polymers such as exopolysaccharides (EPS), proteins and extracellular-DNA (e-DNA) and rarely amyloidogenic proteins. Biofilm offers protection of underlying bacterial population against chemotherapeutic agents and host immune system...
July 11, 2017: Microbial Pathogenesis
#20
Wadha A Alfouzan, A R Noel, Karen E Bowker, Mlg Attwood, S G Tomaselli, Alasdair P MacGowan
OBJECTIVES: Minocycline (MIN) is an old antibiotic which may have an important role in the treatment of multidrug Gram-negative infection as the burden of such infectious increase. METHODS: We used a single compartment dilutional pharmacokinetic model to determine the relationship between MIN exposure and antibacterial effect, including risk of emergence of resistance against strains of Acinetobacter baumannii. RESULTS: The unbound drug area-under-the-curve to MIC ratio (fAUC/MIC) associated with a 24h bacteriostatic effect was 16...
July 10, 2017: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
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