keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544612/forgotten-goiter-presenting-as-acute-respiratory-distress-following-a-thyroidectomy-a-case-report
#21
Beatriz Marques, Rita Oliveira, Roberto J Ameiro, Manuela Paiva
Airway complications account for a significant amount of post-thyroidectomy complications. Forgotten goiter is a residual thyroid mass left after total thyroidectomy, an event already depicted in the literature. Clinical presentation is diverse, ranging from asymptomatic tracheal deviation to symptoms caused by hormonally active thyroid tissue or airway obstruction due to mass effect. However, it has never been documented as the cause of acute respiratory distress following thyroid surgery. We report the case of a 65-year-old female undergoing left hemithyroidectomy due to long-standing substernal goiter...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544576/improving-asthma-outcomes-clinicians-perspectives-on-peripheral-airways
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gregory G King, Li Ping Chung, Omar S Usmani, Kris Nilsen, Bruce R Thompson
Disease of the peripheral (or small) airways is fundamental in asthma, being closely related to symptoms (or lack of control of them), airway hyperresponsiveness, spirometric abnormalities, risk of loss of control, or exacerbations and inflammation. Current technology now allows routine measurement of peripheral airway function. Having a working concept of peripheral airways disease in asthma is arguably very useful to clinicians and beneficial to patients because it allows a more comprehensive assessment of asthma severity (rather than just symptoms alone, which is the norm), tracking of progress or deterioration, and assessing response to treatment...
May 2024: J Allergy Clin Immunol Glob
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543928/design-and-preclinical-evaluation-of-a-nanoparticle-vaccine-against-respiratory-syncytial-virus-based-on-the-attachment-protein-g
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Richard Voorzaat, Freek Cox, Daan van Overveld, Lam Le, Lisanne Tettero, Joost Vaneman, Mark J G Bakkers, Johannes P M Langedijk
Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) poses a significant human health threat, particularly to infants and the elderly. While efficacious vaccines based on the F protein have recently received market authorization, uncertainties remain regarding the future need for vaccine updates to counteract potential viral drift. The attachment protein G has long been ignored as a vaccine target due to perceived non-essentiality and ineffective neutralization on immortalized cells. Here, we show strong G-based neutralization in fully differentiated human airway epithelial cell (hAEC) cultures that is comparable to F-based neutralization...
March 12, 2024: Vaccines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543775/severe-pneumonia-caused-by-respiratory-syncytial-virus-and-adenovirus-in-children-from-2-to-24-months-at-children-s-hospital-1-in-ho-chi-minh-city-vietnam
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suong Thi Thu Nguyen, Tuan Anh Tran, Giau Van Vo
In Vietnam, due to the lack of facilities to detect respiratory viruses from patients' specimens, there are only a few studies on the detection of viral pathogens causing pneumonia in children, especially respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and adenovirus (Adv). Here, we performed a cross-sectional descriptive prospective study on 138 children patients from 2 to 24 months old diagnosed with severe pneumonia hospitalized at the Respiratory Department of Children's Hospital 1 from November 2021 to August 2022. The number of patients selected in this study was based on the formula n = ([Z(1 - α/2)]2 × P [1 - P])/d2, with α = 0...
March 7, 2024: Viruses
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543727/proteomic-and-lipidomic-profiling-of-calves-experimentally-co-infected-with-influenza-d-virus-and-mycoplasma-bovis-insights-into-the-host-pathogen-interactions
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ignacio Alvarez, Mariette Ducatez, Yongzhi Guo, Adrien Lion, Anna Widgren, Marc Dubourdeau, Vincent Baillif, Laure Saias, Siamak Zohari, Jonas Bergquist, Gilles Meyer, Jean-Francois Valarcher, Sara Hägglund
The role of Influenza D virus (IDV) in bovine respiratory disease remains unclear. An in vivo experiment resulted in increased clinical signs, lesions, and pathogen replication in calves co-infected with IDV and Mycoplasma bovis ( M . bovis ), compared to single-infected calves. The present study aimed to elucidate the host-pathogen interactions and profile the kinetics of lipid mediators in the airways of these calves. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples collected at 2 days post-infection (dpi) were used for proteomic analyses by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)...
February 27, 2024: Viruses
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543268/phage-delivery-strategies-for-biocontrolling-human-animal-and-plant-bacterial-infections-state-of-the-art
#26
REVIEW
Marta M D C Vila, Liliane M N Balcão, Victor M Balcão
This review aims at presenting the main strategies that are currently available for the delivery of bacteriophages to combat bacterial infections in humans, animals, and plants. It can be seen that the main routes for phage delivery are topical, oral, systemic, and airways for humans. In animals, the topical and oral routes are the most used. To combat infections in plant species, spraying the plant's phyllosphere or drenching the soil are the most commonly used methods. In both phage therapy and biocontrol using phages, very promising results have been obtained so far...
March 8, 2024: Pharmaceutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543241/state-of-the-art-review-on-inhalable-lipid-and-polymer-nanocarriers-design-and-development-perspectives
#27
REVIEW
Gabriella Costabile, Gemma Conte, Susy Brusco, Pouria Savadi, Agnese Miro, Fabiana Quaglia, Ivana d'Angelo, Francesca Ungaro
Nowadays, the interest in research towards the local administration of drugs via the inhalation route is growing as it enables the direct targeting of the lung tissue, at the same time reducing systemic side effects. This is of great significance in the era of nucleic acid therapeutics and personalized medicine for the local treatment of severe lung diseases. However, the success of any inhalation therapy is driven by a delicate interplay of factors, such as the physiochemical profile of the payload, formulation, inhalation device, aerodynamic properties, and interaction with the lung fluids...
March 1, 2024: Pharmaceutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543079/trpv4-activation-during-guinea-pig-airway-smooth-muscle-contraction-promotes-ca-2-and-na-influx
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Luis M Montaño, Abril Carbajal-García, María F Casas-Hernández, David Arredondo-Zamarripa, Jorge Reyes-García
Airway smooth muscle (ASM) contraction is determined by the increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+ ]i ) caused by its release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) or by extracellular Ca2+ influx. Major channels involved in Ca2+ influx in ASM cells are L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (L-VDCCs) and nonselective cation channels (NSCCs). Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is an NSCC recently studied in ASM. Mechanical stimuli, such as contraction, can activate TRPV4. We investigated the possible activation of TRPV4 by histamine (His)- or carbachol (CCh)-induced contraction in guinea pig ASM...
February 24, 2024: Pharmaceuticals
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542511/role-of-sensory-nerves-in-pulmonary-fibrosis
#29
REVIEW
Charles E Norton
Pulmonary fibrosis results from the deposition and proliferation of extracellular matrix components in the lungs. Despite being an airway disorder, pulmonary fibrosis also has notable effects on the pulmonary vasculature, with the development and severity of pulmonary hypertension tied closely to patient mortality. Furthermore, the anatomical proximity of blood vessels, the alveolar epithelium, lymphatic tissue, and airway spaces highlights the need to identify shared pathogenic mechanisms and pleiotropic signaling across various cell types...
March 21, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542424/micronutrients-at-supplemental-levels-tight-junctions-and-epithelial-barrier-function-a-narrative-review
#30
REVIEW
Katherine M DiGuilio, Elizabeth A Del Rio, Ronald N Harty, James M Mullin
Disease modifiers, whether from cancer, sepsis, systemic inflammation, or microbial pathogens, all appear to induce epithelial barrier leak, with induced changes of the Tight Junctional (TJ) complex being pivotal to the process. This leak-and the ensuant breakdown of compartmentation-plays a central role in disease morbidity on many levels. Accumulation of lung water in the luminal compartment of airways was a major driver of morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 and is an excellent example of the phenomenon...
March 19, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542260/upregulation-of-notch-signaling-and-cell-differentiation-inhibitory-transcription-factors-in-stable-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-patients
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Antonino Di Stefano, Isabella Gnemmi, Umberto Rosani, Mauro Maniscalco, Silvestro Ennio D'Anna, Paola Brun, Vitina Carriero, Francesca Bertolini, Bruno Balbi, Fabio Luigi Massimo Ricciardolo
Notch signaling is involved in the prevention of cell differentiation and cell fate in various organs, including the lungs. We aimed to determine the transcriptomic and protein expression of Notch receptors, their ligands, and related transcription factors in stable COPD. The expression and localization of Notch receptors, their ligands, and related transcription factors were measured in bronchial biopsies of individuals with stable mild/moderate (MCOPD) (n = 18) or severe/very severe (SCOPD) (n = 16) COPD, control smokers (CSs) (n = 13), and control nonsmokers (CNSs) (n = 11), and in the lung parenchyma of those with MCOPD (n = 13), CSs (n = 10), and CNSs (n = 10) using immunohistochemistry, ELISA tests, and transcriptome analyses...
March 14, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542124/role-of-the-fungus-pneumocystis-in-il1%C3%AE-pathway-activation-and-airways-collagen-deposition-in-elastase-induced-copd-animals
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Krishna Coronado, Carla Herrada, Diego A Rojas
Inflammation and mucus production are prevalent characteristics of chronic respiratory conditions, such as asthma and chronic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Biological co-factors, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi, may exacerbate these diseases by activating various pathways associated with airway diseases. An example is the fungus Pneumocystis , which is linked to severe COPD in human patients. Recent evidence has demonstrated that Pneumocystis significantly enhanced inflammation and mucus hypersecretion in a rat model of elastase-induced COPD...
March 9, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541936/the-impact-of-antimicrobial-resistance-in-cystic-fibrosis
#33
REVIEW
Antonio Vitiello, Francesco Blasi, Michela Sabbatucci, Andrea Zovi, Francesco Miele, Annarita Ponzo, Roberto Langella, Mariarosaria Boccellino
The phenomenon of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical global health challenge, with prospects indicating its potential to become the leading cause of death worldwide in the coming years. Individuals with pre-existing conditions, such as neoplastic disease undergoing chemotherapy, those on immunosuppressive therapy, and individuals with rare diseases like cystic fibrosis (CF), face heightened challenges due to AMR. CF is a rare disease caused by a deficiency in the synthesis of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) channel protein, resulting in multi-organ clinical symptoms, particularly in the respiratory system...
March 16, 2024: Journal of Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541862/the-present-and-future-of-the-clinical-use-of-physiological-traits-for-the-treatment-of-patients-with-osa-a-narrative-review
#34
REVIEW
Yvonne Chu, Andrey Zinchuk
People with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are a heterogeneous group. While many succeed in the treatment of their OSA, many others struggle with therapy. Herein, we discuss how anatomical and physiological factors that cause sleep apnea (OSA traits) impact treatment response and may offer an avenue for more precise care. These OSA traits, including anatomical (upper-airway collapsibility) and physiological (loop gain, airway muscle responsiveness, and arousal threshold) factors, may help determine who can succeed with continuous positive airway pressure, oral appliances, hypoglossal nerve stimulation, or pharmacotherapy...
March 13, 2024: Journal of Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541730/sensitivity-analysis-and-uncertainty-quantification-of-nanoparticle-deposition-from-tongue-morphological-variations
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tiancheng Yang, Xiuhua Si, Jinxiang Xi
The human tongue has highly variable morphology. Its role in regulating respiratory flows and deposition of inhaled aerosols remains unclear. The objective of this study was to quantify the uncertainty of nanoparticle deposition from the variability in tongue shapes and positions and to rank the importance of these morphological factors. Oropharyngeal models with different tongue postures were reconstructed by modifying an existent anatomically accurate upper airway geometry. An LRN k-ω model was applied to solve the multiregime flows, and the Lagrangian tracking approach with near-wall treatment was used to simulate the behavior and fate of inhaled aerosols...
March 19, 2024: Life
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541701/non-invasive-positive-pressure-ventilation-use-practice-recommendations-of-the-slovak-society-of-pulmonology-and-phthisiology
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pavol Pobeha, Imrich Mucska, Robert Vysehradsky, Marta Hajkova, Ivana Paranicova, Pavol Joppa
Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) is increasingly used as a treatment method for patients with respiratory failure. The first recommendations for the use of NIPPV in Slovakia were developed by the Slovak Society of Pulmonology and Phthisiology in 2007 and were partially revised in 2015. New scientific evidence prompted the present update, which is based on widely accepted international guidelines and was adapted to address local needs. Important features of the present update include a classification of acute indications for NIPPV into three categories based on the level of supporting evidence, namely 1...
March 13, 2024: Life
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541220/respiratory-support-effects-over-time-on-regional-lung-ventilation-assessed-by-electrical-impedance-tomography-in-premature-infants
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ernestas Virsilas, Arunas Valiulis, Raimondas Kubilius, Skaiste Peciuliene, Arunas Liubsys
Background and objectives: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) frequently necessitates respiratory support. While non-invasive methods are typically the preferred approach, mechanical ventilation becomes necessary for patients with insufficient response. Our study aimed to compare two common respiratory support modes, volume-targeted mechanical ventilation and non-invasive ventilation continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC), using electrical impedance tomography. Materials and Methods : Infants with very low birth weight and gestational ages of less than 32 weeks were eligible for inclusion in the study...
March 17, 2024: Medicina
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541197/the-effect-of-thyroid-surgery-on-the-accuracy-of-palpation-based-cricothyroid-membrane-identification-in-female-patients-a-prospective-observational-cohort-study
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jaesik Park, A Rim Yang, Hyunji Lee, Kwangsoon Kim, Min Suk Chae
Background and Objectives : This study examined how a history of thyroid surgery impacts the precision of cricothyroid membrane (CTM) identification through palpation (validated by ultrasound) in female patients visiting the operating room for surgeries unrelated to neck procedures. Materials and Methods : This prospective observational cohort study enrolled adult female patients undergoing elective non-neck surgery, dividing them into control (no thyroid surgery history; n = 40) and experimental (with thyroid surgery history; n = 40) groups...
March 13, 2024: Medicina
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541177/effective-differences-between-2d-and-3d-planned-brachytherapy-in-lung-cancer-an-institutional-retrospective-study
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nensi Lalić, Marko Bojović, Olivera Ivanov, Jelena Ličina, Spasoje Popević, Mihailo Stjepanović, Daliborka Bursać, Ivica Lalić, Rade Milić, Sanja Tomić, Biljana Parapid, Aleksandar Anđelković
Background and Objectives : Advanced lung cancer is usually manifested by endoluminal tumor propagation, resulting in central airway obstruction. The objective of this study is to compare the high dose rate brachytherapy treatment outcomes in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) depending on the treatment planning pattern-two-dimension (2D) or three-dimension (3D) treatment planning. Materials and Methods : The study was retrospective and two groups of patients were compared in it (a group of 101 patients who underwent 2D planned high-dose-rate endobronchial brachytherapy (HDR-EBBT) in 2017/18 and a group of 83 patients who underwent 3D planned HDR-EBBT between January 2021 and June 2023)...
March 8, 2024: Medicina
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541172/lower-arginine-bioavailability-increased-feno-levels-and-airway-resistance-on-impulse-oscillometry-are-characteristics-of-asthma-in-children-and-young-adults-with-sickle-cell-disease
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aylin Kont Ozhan, Tugba Arikoglu, Melih Er, Selma Unal, Didem Derici Yıldırım, Funda Erkasar, Şenay Balcı, Lulufer Tamer, Semanur Kuyucu
Background and Objectives : Data on characteristics of asthma in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) is conflicting. Recently, the L-arginine pathway has gained attention in the pathogenesis of asthma and SCD. This study aimed to determine the distinctive clinical and laboratory features and the role of arginine metabolism in asthmatic children with SCD. Materials and Methods : A total of 52 children and adolescents with SCD, including 24 with asthma (SCD-A) and 28 without asthma (SCD-NA), and 40 healthy controls were included...
March 8, 2024: Medicina
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