keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535167/deductive-reasoning-skills-in-children-aged-4-8-years-old
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Krisztián Józsa, Tun Zaw Oo, Diana Borbélyová, Judit Podráczky
Young children possess the fundamental deductive reasoning skills for solving their upcoming problems in their daily lives. These skills are of great importance for their school readiness and academic development. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the age differences and predictive variables of deductive reasoning skills in young Hungarian children aged 4-8 years old who reside in Hungary and Slovakia. Face-to-face data were collected from 3050 participants. The instrument of deductive reasoning skills assessment was extracted from the school readiness test, DIFER (Diagnostic System for Assessing Development)...
March 12, 2024: Journal of Intelligence
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534983/collateral-damage-in-the-placenta-during-viral-infection-in-pregnancy-a-possible-mechanism-for-vertical-transmission-and-an-adverse-pregnancy-outcome
#22
REVIEW
Victor Javier Cruz-Holguín, Luis Didier González-García, Manuel Adrián Velázquez-Cervantes, Haruki Arévalo-Romero, Luis Adrián De Jesús-González, Addy Cecilia Helguera-Repetto, Guadalupe León-Reyes, Ma Isabel Salazar, Leticia Cedillo-Barrón, Moisés León-Juárez
In mammals, the placenta is a connection between a mother and a new developing organism. This tissue has a protective function against some microorganisms, transports nutrients, and exchanges gases and excretory substances between the mother and the fetus. Placental tissue is mainly composed of chorionic villi functional units called trophoblasts (cytotrophoblasts, the syncytiotrophoblast, and extravillous trophoblasts). However, some viruses have developed mechanisms that help them invade the placenta, causing various conditions such as necrosis, poor perfusion, and membrane rupture which, in turn, can impact the development of the fetus and put the mother's health at risk...
March 20, 2024: Diseases (Basel)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534692/pan-genome-plasticity-and-virulence-factors-a-natural-treasure-trove-for-acinetobacter-baumannii
#23
REVIEW
Theodoros Karampatakis, Katerina Tsergouli, Payam Behzadi
Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative pathogen responsible for a variety of community- and hospital-acquired infections. It is recognized as a life-threatening pathogen among hospitalized individuals and, in particular, immunocompromised patients in many countries. A. baumannii, as a member of the ESKAPE group, encompasses high genomic plasticity and simultaneously is predisposed to receive and exchange the mobile genetic elements (MGEs) through horizontal genetic transfer (HGT). Indeed, A. baumannii is a treasure trove that contains a high number of virulence factors...
March 14, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534628/cellulose-diacetate-aerogels-with-low-drying-shrinkage-high-efficient-thermal-insulation-and-superior-mechanical-strength
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sizhao Zhang, Kunming Lu, Yangbiao Hu, Guangyu Xu, Jing Wang, Yanrong Liao, Shuai Yu
The inherent characteristics of cellulose-derived aerogels, such as their natural abundance and environmental friendliness, make them highly interesting. However, its significant shrinkage before and after the supercritical drying procedure and low mechanical strength limit its potential application. Here, we propose a strategy to prepare cellulose diacetate aerogels (CDAAs) with low drying shrinkage, exceptional thermal insulation, and superior mechanical strength. The low drying shrinkage (radial drying shrinkage of 1...
March 21, 2024: Gels
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534200/bile-induced-biofilm-formation-in-bacteroides-thetaiotaomicron-requires-magnesium-efflux-by-an-rnd-pump
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anne-Aurélie Lopes, Sol Vendrell-Fernández, Julien Deschamps, Sonia Georgeault, Thomas Cokelaer, Romain Briandet, Jean-Marc Ghigo
Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron is a prominent member of the human gut microbiota contributing to nutrient exchange, gut function, and maturation of the host's immune system. This obligate anaerobe symbiont can adopt a biofilm lifestyle, and it was recently shown that B. thetaiotaomicron biofilm formation is promoted by the presence of bile. This process also requires a B. thetaiotaomicron extracellular DNase, which is not, however, regulated by bile. Here, we showed that bile induces the expression of several Resistance-Nodulation-Division (RND) efflux pumps and that inhibiting their activity with a global competitive efflux inhibitor impaired bile-dependent biofilm formation...
March 27, 2024: MBio
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534023/modeling-of-high-harmonic-generation-in-the-c-60-fullerene-using-ab-initio-dft-based-and-semiempirical-methods
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aleksander P Woźniak, Robert Moszyński
We report calculations of the high-harmonic generation spectra of the C60 fullerene molecule carried out by employing a diverse set of real-time time-dependent quantum chemical methods. All methodologies involve expanding the propagated electronic wave function in bases consisting of the ground and singly excited time-independent eigenstates obtained through the solution of the corresponding linear-response equations. We identify the correlation and exchange effect in the spectra by comparing the results from methods relying on the Hartree-Fock reference determinant with those obtained using approaches based on the density functional theory with different exchange-correlation functionals...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Physical Chemistry. A
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534019/electrical-controllable-antiferromagnet-based-tunnel-junction
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lei Han, Xuming Luo, Yingqian Xu, Hua Bai, Wenxuan Zhu, Yuxiang Zhu, Guoqiang Yu, Cheng Song, Feng Pan
An electrical-controllable antiferromagnet tunnel junction is a key goal in spintronics, holding immense promise for ultradense and ultrastable antiferromagnetic memory with high processing speed for modern information technology. Here, we have advanced toward this goal by achieving an electrical-controllable antiferromagnet-based tunnel junction of Pt/Co/Pt/Co/IrMn/MgO/Pt. The exchange coupling between antiferromagnetic IrMn and Co/Pt perpendicular magnetic multilayers results in the formation of an interfacial exchange bias and exchange spring in IrMn...
March 27, 2024: Nano Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533975/cgmp-dependent-kinase-2-na-h-exchanger-nhe3-and-pdz-adaptor-nherf2-co-assemble-in-apical-membrane-microdomains
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Min Luo, Yongjian Liu, Katerina Nikolovska, Brigitte Riederer, Enrico Patrucco, Franz Hofmann, Ursula Seidler
AIM: Trafficking, membrane retention, and signal-specific regulation of the Na+ /H+ exchanger 3 (NHE3) are modulated by the Na+ /H+ Exchanger Regulatory Factor (NHERF) family of PDZ-adapter proteins. This study explored the assembly of NHE3 and NHERF2 with the cGMP-dependent kinase II (cGKII) within detergent-resistant membrane microdomains (DRMs, "lipid rafts") during in vivo guanylate cycle C receptor (Gucy2c) activation in murine small intestine. METHODS: Small intestinal brush border membranes (siBBMs) were isolated from wild type, NHE3-deficient, cGMP-kinase II-deficient, and NHERF2-deficient mice, after oral application of the heat-stable Escherichia coli toxin (STa) analog linaclotide...
March 27, 2024: Acta Physiologica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533724/atypical-co-development-of-the-thalamus-and-cortex-in-autism-evidence-from-age-related-white-gray-contrast-change
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gleb Bezgin, John D Lewis, Vladimir S Fonov, D Louis Collins, Alan C Evans
Recent studies have shown that white-gray contrast (WGC) of either cortical or subcortical gray matter provides for accurate predictions of age in typically developing (TD) children, and that, at least for the cortex, it changes differently with age in subjects with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) compared to their TD peers. Our previous study showed different patterns of contrast change between ASD and TD in sensorimotor and association cortices. While that study was confined to the cortex, we hypothesized that subcortical structures, particularly the thalamus, were involved in the observed cortical dichotomy between lower and higher processing...
April 2024: Human Brain Mapping
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533691/an-overview-and-future-perspectives-of-rechargeable-flexible-zn-air-batteries
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Linming Bai, Dan Wang, Wenlong Wang, Wei Yan
Environmental friendliness and low-cost zinc-air batteries for flexible rechargeable applications have great potential in the field of flexible electronics and smart wearables owing to high energy density and long service life. However, the current technology of flexible rechargeable zinc-air batteries to meet the commercialization needs still facing enormous challenges due to the poor adaptability of each flexible component of the zinc-air batteries. This review focused on the latest progress over the past 5 years in designing and fabricating flexible self-standing air electrodes, flexible electrolytes and zinc electrodes of flexible Zn-air batteries, meanwhile the basic working principle of each component of flexible rechargeable zinc-air batteries and battery structures optimization are also described...
March 27, 2024: ChemSusChem
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533601/inside-out-synergising-leaf-biochemical-traits-with-stomatal-regulated-water-fluxes-to-enhance-transpiration-modelling-during-abiotic-stress
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Robert S Caine, Muhammad S Khan, Robert A Brench, Heather J Walker, Holly L Croft
As the global climate continues to change, plants will increasingly experience abiotic stress(es). Stomata on leaf surfaces are the gatekeepers to plant interiors, regulating gaseous exchanges that are crucial for both photosynthesis and outward water release. To optimise future crop productivity, accurate modelling of how stomata govern plant-environment interactions will be crucial. Here, we synergise optical and thermal imaging data to improve modelled transpiration estimates during water and/or nutrient stress (where leaf N is reduced)...
March 27, 2024: Plant, Cell & Environment
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533411/bickerstaff-encephalitis-in-childhood-a-review-of-74-cases-in-the-literature-from-1951-to-today
#32
REVIEW
Luca Gregorio Giaccari, Donatella Mastria, Rosella Barbieri, Rossella De Maglio, Francesca Madaro, Gianfranco Paiano, Maria Caterina Pace, Pasquale Sansone, Giuseppe Pulito, Luciana Mascia
Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis (BBE) is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by the subacute onset of bilateral external ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and decreased level of consciousness. BBE is part of a group of rare autoimmune diseases in children that can affect the nervous system at any level. The onset of neurological deficits is often sudden and nonspecific. The diagnosis is based on clinical findings and abnormal findings on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)...
2024: Frontiers in Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533078/revisiting-the-effect-of-cholesteryl-sulfate-on-clotting-and-fibrinolysis-inhibition-of-human-thrombin-and-other-human-blood-proteases
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rami A Al-Horani
Cholesteryl sulfate (CS) was quantitatively synthesized by microwave-assisted sulfonation of cholesterol followed by sodium exchange chromatography. In vitro effects of CS on human thrombin and other serine proteases of the coagulation and fibrinolysis processes were investigated using a series of biochemical and biophysical techniques. CS was found to inhibit thrombin with an IC 50 value of 140.8 ± 21.8 μM at pH 7.4 and 25 ○ C. Michaelis-Menten kinetics indicated that thrombin inhibition by CS is non-competitive (allosteric) in nature...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532803/sex-differences-in-multiple-sclerosis-relapse-presentation-and-outcome-a-retrospective-monocentric-study-of-134-relapse-events
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pauline Thränhardt, Admirim Veselaj, Christoph Friedli, Franca Wagner, Stefanie Marti, Lara Diem, Helly Hammer, Piotr Radojewski, Roland Wiest, Andrew Chan, Robert Hoepner, Anke Salmen
BACKGROUND: Reporting of sex-specific analyses in multiple sclerosis (MS) is sparse. Disability accrual results from relapses (relapse-associated worsening) and independent thereof (progression independent of relapses). OBJECTIVES: A population of MS patients during relapse treated per standard of care was analyzed for sex differences and short-term relapse outcome (3-6 months) as measured by Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) change. DESIGN: Single-center retrospective study...
2024: Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532643/finding-the-ajoene-sweet-spot-structure-activity-relations-that-govern-its-blood-stability-and-cancer-cytotoxicity
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel A Kusza, Gerhard A Venter, Mandla Mabunda, James Biwi, Suman K Samanta, Johan D Klinck, Shivendra V Singh, Roger Hunter, Catherine H Kaschula
Ajoene is an organosulfur compound found in crushed garlic, that exerts its anti-cancer activity by S-thiolating cysteine residues on proteins. Its development is hampered due to limited bioavailability. In this study, we synthesised analogues of ajoene to probe the significance of the ajoene vinyl disulfide/sulfoxide core with respect to cytotoxicity and blood stability. Polar side groups were also incorporated to improve aqueous solubility. It was found that derivatives containing a vinyl disulfide functional group (4-7, as in ajoene), were more cytotoxic compared to analogues in which the double bond was removed, although the latter showed superior blood stability...
March 26, 2024: ChemMedChem
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532621/unraveling-the-impact-of-ethylenediaminetetraacetic-acid-chelating-agents-on-the-oil-recovery-processes-an-insight-into-its-role-in-fluid-fluid-and-rock-fluid-interactions
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amir Mohammadi Khanghah, Mahsa Parhizgar Keradeh
In recent years, chelating agents have garnered increasing attention due to their unique capabilities in addressing challenges associated with chemically enhanced oil recovery materials. Most previous studies have primarily focused on examining the influence of chelating agents on rock-fluid interactions. However, their effects on fluid-fluid interactions, specifically on interfacial tension (IFT) characteristics under various conditions, remain relatively unknown. This study investigates the effect of crucial reservoir parameters on the performance of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) chelating agents in the IFT between crude oil and brine...
March 26, 2024: Langmuir: the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532473/unlocking-employee-innovative-behavior-the-role-of-humble-leadership-core-self-evaluation-and-leader-member-exchange
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gaofeng Wang, Laiba Saher, Tang Hao, Asad Ali, Muhammad Waqas Amin
Humble leadership has gained attention in recent years due to its potential impact on employee performance. This study explores the association between humble leadership and follower innovative behavior by investigating the moderating role of core self-evaluation (CSE) and the mediating role of leader-member exchange (LMX). The study uses data from 328 followers and their immediate leaders to test a mediated moderation model. Results show that there is a favorable association between humble leadership and LMX and followers' innovative behavior, particularly pronounced for followers who possess lower levels of CSE...
March 26, 2024: BMC Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532395/providing-medication-for-opioid-use-disorder-and-hiv-pre-exposure-prophylaxis-at-syringe-services-programs-via-telemedicine-a-pilot-study
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mehri S McKellar, Andrea C Des Marais, Hillary Chen, Yujung Choi, Rebecca Lilly, Denae Ayers, Jesse Bennett, Lauren Kestner, Brian Perry, Stephanie Poley, Amy Corneli, Christina S Meade, Nidhi Sachdeva
BACKGROUND: People who inject drugs (PWID) are at high risk for opioid overdose and infectious diseases including HIV. We piloted PARTNER UP, a telemedicine-based program to provide PWID with medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) with buprenorphine/naloxone (bup/nx) and oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine through two syringe services programs (SSP) in North Carolina. We present overall results from this project, including participant retention rates and self-reported medication adherence...
March 26, 2024: Harm Reduction Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532319/effects-of-nitrate-and-ammonium-nitrogen-on-anatomical-and-physiological-responses-of-catalpa-bungei-under-full-and-partial-root-zone-drought
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ting Xu, Zhiyong Wang, Ziye Wang, Mengfan Guo, Xintong Wang, Xuelian He, Junhui Wang, Siddiq Ur Rahman, Mohammed Bourhia, Abdulaziz Abdullah Alsahli, Yi Zhang
Catalpa bungei is a precious timber species distributed in North China where drought often occurs. To clarify adaptive responses of C. bungei to partial- and full- root-zone drought under the influence of nitrogen forms, a two-factor experiment was conducted in which well-watered (WW), partial root-zone drought in horizontal direction (H-PRD) and in vertical direction (V-PRD), and full root-zone drought (FRD) were combined with nitrate-nitrogen (NN) and ammonium-nitrogen (AN) treatments. C. bungei responded to FRD by sharply closing stomata, decreasing gas exchange rate and increasing leaf instantaneous water use efficiency (WUEi )...
March 26, 2024: BMC Plant Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532295/pycomo-a-python-package-for-community-metabolic-model-creation-and-analysis
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael Predl, Marianne Mießkes, Thomas Rattei, Jürgen Zanghellini
SUMMARY: PyCoMo is a python package for quick and easy generation of genome-scale compartmentalised community metabolic models that are compliant with current openCOBRA file formats. The resulting models can be used to predict (i) the maximum growth rate at a given abundance profile, (ii) the feasible community compositions at a given growth rate, and (iii) all exchange metabolites and cross-feeding interactions in a community metabolic model independent of the abundance profile; we demonstrate PyCoMo's capability by analysing methane production in a previously published simplified biogas community metabolic model (Koch et al...
March 26, 2024: Bioinformatics
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