Neurophaty

INTRODUCTION: Leprosy is an infectious disease that remains with a high number of new cases in developing countries. Household contacts have a higher risk for the development of the disease, but the neural impairment in this group is not well elucidated yet. Here, we measured the chance of occurrence of peripheral neural impairment in asymptomatic leprosy household. METHODS: Contacts who present anti-PGL-I IgM seropositivity, through electroneuromyography (ENMG) evaluation...

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is characterized by rapidly progressive and generally ascending symmetrical muscle weakness, accompanied by decreased or absent osteotendinous reflexes. The inflammatory process may affect the myelin or the axon. There are 4 clinical forms of GBS: 1) acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, 2) acute motor axonal neuropathy, 3) acute sensory and motor axonal neuropathy, and 4) the Miller-Fisher variant, which is characterized by ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and areflexia, with little muscle weakness...

Bone and joint infections are rare in the neonatal period. They often present with pseudo paralysis of the affected limb due to pain and discomfort caused by movement. The existence of a concomitant neuropathy is a rare and insufficiently understood phenomenon with few cases described. The authors report the case of a 7-week infant, born prematurely and with Staphylococcus aureus neonatal sepsis, who presented to the emergency room with a paretic right upper limb. Osteoarticular infection complicated with brachial plexus neuropathy was considered and MRI and electromyography the confirmed diagnosis...

UNLABELLED: Hypertrophic cranial pachymeningitis (HCP) is an uncommon disorder characterized by localized or diffuse thickening of the dura mater, and it usually presents with multiple cranial neurophaties. It has been associated with a variety of inflammatory, infectious, traumatic, toxic and neoplasic diseases, when no specific cause is found the process is called idiopathic. The infectious cases occur in patients under systemic immunosuppression, which have an evident contiguous source or those who have undergone neurosurgical procedures...

Pontine tegmental cap dysplasia (PTCD) is an exceptionally rare brain stem and cerebellar malformation characterized by ventral pontine hypoplasia, vaulted pontine tegmentum, hypoplasia of the vermis, subtotal absence of middle cerebellar peduncles, lateralized course of the superior cerebellar peduncles, and absence or alteration of the inferior olivary nucleus. The main clinical features are multiple cranial neurophaties and ataxia. Sensorineural hearing loss of varying severity is almost always present. To date, 14 cases of PTCD have been reported in the literature...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine whether the response rate for the paclitaxel-carboplatin combination is superior to carboplatin alone in the treatment of patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with recurrent ovarian carcinoma, 6 months after treatment with a platinum-based regimen and with no more than two previous chemotherapy lines, were randomized to receive carboplatin area under the curve (AUC) 5 (arm A) or paclitaxel 175 mg/m(2) + carboplatin AUC 5 (arm B)...

Clinical, neurophysiological and laboratory data are given for 32 children (30 kinships) considered to represent hereditary motor and sensory neurophaties (HMSN) of neuronal-axonal types. In 25 families (27 cases) one of the parents was found to be affected. In one both parents were normal. The mode of inheritance in the 27 patients with familial neuronal-axonal HMSN was concluded to be autosomal dominant HMSN II (Lambert type). The disability was mild to moderate and, on an average, less pronounced than in de- and remyelinating types of HMSN...