keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38395082/airway-hyperresponsiveness-in-asthma-the-role-of-the-epithelium
#21
REVIEW
Peter Bradding, Celeste Porsbjerg, Andréanne Côté, Sven-Erik Dahlén, Teal S Hallstrand, Christopher E Brightling
Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is a key clinical feature of asthma. The presence of AHR in people with asthma provides the substrate for bronchoconstriction in response to numerous diverse stimuli, contributing to airflow limitation and symptoms including breathlessness, wheeze and chest tightness. Dysfunctional airway smooth muscle (ASM) significantly contributes to AHR and is displayed as increased sensitivity to direct pharmacological bronchoconstrictor stimuli, such as inhaled histamine and methacholine (direct AHR), or to endogenous mediators released by activated airway cells such as mast cells (indirect AHR)...
February 21, 2024: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38376135/il-6-levels-dominate-the-serum-cytokine-signature-of-severe-epidermolysis-bullosa-a-prospective-cohort-study
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A Reimer-Taschenbrecker, M Hess, M Davidovic, A Hwang, S Hübner, M Hofsaess, S Gewert, K Eyerich, C Has
BACKGROUND: Systemic inflammation is considered a major player in the pathogenesis of epidermolysis bullosa (EB), but its pattern has only been described in small heterogeneous cohorts. There is controversy if and how systemic inflammation should be therapeutically targeted. METHODS: We examined serum proinflammatory, anti-inflammatory, and itch related cytokines in a paediatric cohort of 29 patients with junctional and dystrophic EB. The cytokine that emerged as the most relevant was measured in a validation cohort of 42 patients during follow-up visits over 2 years...
February 20, 2024: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology: JEADV
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38375846/novel-perspectives-of-tslp-and-rxr-signaling-in-corticosteroid-resistant-asthma-updates-on-tslp-blockers
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Song Zhang, Karen Dsouza, Narasimha M Beeraka, Junqi Liu, Oksana Reshetniak, Hemanth Vikram Pr, L G Priyanka, M V Greeshma, Pradeep Kumar Bhupalam, Mahesh Pa, Prasath Manogaran, Rajashree Deka, Gurupadayya Bannimath, Mikhail Y Sinelnikov, Vladimir N Nikolenko, Kirill Bulygin, Ruitai Fan
Previous studies described that asthma patients who received corticosteroid therapy have been constrained by the corticosteroid resistance subsequently fostered to severe refractory asthma. In this review, we discussed the implications of TSLP, RXR, the role of STAT5-activating cytokines, and IL-33/NH-cell signaling pathways, and recent clinical evidence on TSLP blockers in steroid-resistant asthma. We have searched several public databases such as Pubmed, Scopus, and Relemed and obtained information pertinent to the TSLP, RXR, TSLP blockers, the STAT5-activating cytokines, and IL-33...
February 16, 2024: Current Medicinal Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38367901/house-dust-mite-allergens-induce-ca-2-signalling-and-alarmin-responses-in-asthma-airway-epithelial-cells
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xuan Ouyang, James A Reihill, Lisa E J Douglas, Orla M Dunne, Gerard P Sergeant, S Lorraine Martin
Type 2 inflammation in asthma develops with exposure to stimuli to include inhaled allergens from house dust mites (HDM). Features include mucus hypersecretion and the formation of pro-secretory ion transport characterised by elevated basal Cl- current. Studies using human sinonasal epithelial cells treated with HDM extract report a higher protease activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) agonist-induced calcium mobilisation that may be related to airway sensitisation by allergen-associated proteases. Herein, this study aimed to investigate the effect of HDM on Ca2+ signalling and inflammatory responses in asthmatic airway epithelial cells...
February 15, 2024: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. Molecular Basis of Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38367654/high-performance-production-process-development-and-scale-up-of-an-anti-tslp-nanobody
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaofei Li, Peng Qiao, Yicai Zhang, Guoxin Liu, Min Zhu, Junwei Gai, Yakun Wan
Nanobodies (Nbs) represent a class of single-domain antibodies with great potential application value across diverse biotechnology fields, including therapy and diagnostics. Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin (TSLP) is an epithelial cell-derived cytokine, playing a crucial role in the regulation of type 2 immune responses at barrier surfaces such as skin and the respiratory/gastrointestinal tract. In this study, a method for the expression and purification of anti-TSLP nanobody (Nb3341) was established at 7 L scale and subsequently scaled up to 100 L scale...
February 16, 2024: Protein Expression and Purification
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38339203/trpv1-channel-in-human-eosinophils-functional-expression-and-inflammatory-modulation
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tobias Weihrauch, Natalie Gray, Daniela Wiebe, Martin Schmelz, Maren M Limberg, Ulrike Raap
The transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is a non-selective cation channel expressed on sensory neurons and immune cells. We hypothesize that TRPV1 plays a role in human eosinophil function and is modulated by inflammatory conditions. TRPV1 expression on human eosinophils was examined by qPCR, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemistry, respectively. TRPV1 functionality was analyzed by investigating calcium flux, apoptosis, modulation by cytokines and acidic pH, and CD69 externalization using flow cytometry...
February 5, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38339008/p2x7-receptor-induced-human-mast-cell-degranulation-is-enhanced-by-interleukin-33
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Barbora Salcman, Rajia Bahri, Peter W West, Chiara Tontini, Karen Affleck, Silvia Bulfone-Paus
MCs are tissue-resident immune cells that strategically reside in barrier organs and respond effectively to a wide range of stimuli, such as IL-33, a mediator released upon epithelial damage. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) accumulates at sites of tissue injury and is known to modulate MC activities. This study investigated how an inflammatory tissue environment rich in IL-33 modulates the ATP-mediated activation of MCs. Human primary MCs primed with IL-33 displayed a strongly increased response to ATP but not ADP...
January 31, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38338983/the-new-therapeutic-frontiers-in-the-treatment-of-eosinophilic-esophagitis-biological-drugs
#28
REVIEW
Erminia Ridolo, Alessandro Barone, Martina Ottoni, Silvia Peveri, Marcello Montagni, Francesca Nicoletta
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a multifaceted disease characterized by a wide heterogeneity of clinical manifestations, endoscopic and histopathologic patterns, and responsiveness to therapy. From the perspective of an effective approach to the patient, the different inflammatory mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of EoE and biologics, in particular monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), targeting these pathways are needed. Currently, the most relevant is dupilumab, which interferes with both interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 pathways by binding IL-4 receptor α, and is the only mAb approved by the European Medicine Agency and US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of EoE...
January 30, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38331120/calycosin-enhances-treg-differentiation-for-alleviating-skin-inflammation-in-atopic-dermatitis
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xin Ma, Guoshu Deng, Na Tian, Hao Wang, Hang Zhao, Le Kuai, Ying Luo, Chunjie Gao, Xiaojie Ding, Bin Li, Bin Li
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent chronic inflammatory skin disorder that poses a significant global health challenge. There is a lack of safe and effective medications to treat AD. Astragalus membranaceous is a traditional Chinese medicine widely used in clinical treatment of skin diseases. Calycosin (CA), derived from the root of Astragalus membranaceous, exhibits dual attributes of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, suggesting its promise for addressing cutaneous inflammation...
February 6, 2024: Journal of Ethnopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38329323/heme-oxygenase-1-alleviates-allergic-airway-inflammation-by-suppressing-nf-%C3%AE%C2%BAb-mediated-pyroptosis-of-bronchial-epithelial-cells
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiajia Lv, Yao Zhou, Jing Wang, Yujiao Wu, Qianying Yu, Meng Zhang, Wen Su, Zhiwei Tang, Qun Wu, Min Wu, Zhenwei Xia
Allergic asthma development and pathogenesis are influenced by airway epithelial cells in response to allergens. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), an inducible enzyme responsible for the breakdown of heme, has been considered an appealing target for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases. Herein, we report that alleviation of allergic airway inflammation by HO-1-mediated suppression of pyroptosis in airway epithelial cells (AECs). Using house dust mite (HDM)-induced asthma models of mice, we found increased gasdermin D (GSDMD) in the airway epithelium...
February 15, 2024: FASEB Journal: Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38314445/in-vitro-anti-inflammatory-and-skin-protective-effects-of-codium-fragile-extract-on-macrophages-and-human-keratinocytes-in-atopic-dermatitis
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A-Yeong Jang, JeongUn Choi, Weerawan Rod-In, Ki Young Choi, Dae-Hee Lee, Woo Jung Park
Codium fragile has been traditionally used in oriental medicine to treat enterobiasis, dropsy, and dysuria, and it has been shown to possess many biological properties. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the types of skin inflammation and barrier disruption, which leads to chronic inflammatory skin diseases. In the current investigation, the protective effects of C. fragile extract (CFE) on anti-inflammation and skin barrier improvement were investigated. In LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, nitric oxide generation and the expression levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-6, iNOS, COX-2 , and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF)-α were reduced by CFE...
January 17, 2024: Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38310765/radical-s-adenosyl-methionine-domain-containing-2-a-potential-target-of-d-tryptophan-in-asthma-treatment-regulates-t-helper-cell-type-1-2-balance
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fei Wang, Yunxiao Shang
Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease. D-tryptophan (D-TRP) can inhibit allergic airway inflammation and T helper cell type 2 (Th2) immune response. RNA-sequencing results have indicated that radical S-adenosyl methionine domain-containing 2 (RSAD2) might be a potential molecular target of D-TRP in asthma treatment. Herein, we established a mouse model of asthma using ovalbumin (OVA) via intraperitoneal injection and inhalational challenge. Gain- and loss-of-function studies of RSAD2 were performed in mice following the intratracheal delivery of lentiviral vectors (3 × 106 TU/mL)...
February 3, 2024: International Immunopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38294251/differential-interferon-responses-to-influenza-a-and-b-viruses-in-primary-ferret-respiratory-epithelial-cells
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thomas Rowe, William Davis, David E Wentworth, Ted Ross
Influenza B viruses (IBV) cocirculate with influenza A viruses (IAV) and cause periodic epidemics of disease, yet antibody and cellular responses following IBV infection are less well understood. Using the ferret model for antisera generation for influenza surveillance purposes, IAV resulted in robust antibody responses following infection, whereas IBV required an additional booster dose, over 85% of the time, to generate equivalent antibody titers. In this study, we utilized primary differentiated ferret nasal epithelial cells (FNECs) which were inoculated with IAV and IBV to study differences in innate immune responses which may result in differences in adaptive immune responses in the host...
January 31, 2024: Journal of Virology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38284169/discovery-and-characterization-of-a-bicyclic-peptide-bicycle-binder-to-thymic-stromal-lymphopoietin
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Frank Narjes, Fredrik Edfeldt, Jens Petersen, Linda Öster, Corinne Hamblet, James Bird, Peter Bold, Rebecca Rae, Elisabeth Bäck, Stina Stomilovic, Pavol Zlatoidsky, Tor Svensson, Lotta Hidestål, Lavaniya Kunalingam, Igor Shamovsky, Leonardo De Maria, Euan Gordon, Richard J Lewis, Sophie Watcham, Katerine van Rietschoten, Gemma E Mudd, Helen Harrison, Liuhong Chen, Michael J Skynner
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is an epithelial-derived pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in the development of asthma and other atopic diseases. We used Bicycle Therapeutics' proprietary phage display platform to identify bicyclic peptides (Bicycles) with high affinity for TSLP, a target that is difficult to drug with conventional small molecules due to the extended protein-protein interactions it forms with both receptors. The hit series was shown to bind to TSLP in a hotspot, that is also used by IL-7Rα...
January 29, 2024: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38273281/impact-of-social-distancing-from-the-covid-19-pandemic-on-the-immuno-inflammatory-response-of-older-adults
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Giulia Beletato Nery, Carlos Ariel Rodrigues de Araujo, Giovanna Beatriz da Silva, Helena Bittar, Valéria Pacheco Bordallo, Jônatas B Amaral, Markus Hardt, Luciana Marti, Alexander Birbrair, Manuel Jimenez, Marta Ferreira Bastos, Luiz Henrique Silva Nali, Priscila Larcher Longo, Gilberto Candido Laurentino, André L L Bachi, Debora Heller
BACKGROUND: Older adults, as the population considered at increased risk for severe COVID-19, were the most impacted by social isolation. Thus, this study aimed to assess the salivary immune/inflammatory response of older adults before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: A cohort of 11 older adults (mean age 66.8 ± 6.1) was followed at three different time points: before (S1) and after 6 (S2) and 20 months (S3) of the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil...
January 26, 2024: BMC Geriatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38272716/exogenous-drugs-induced-mouse-models-of-atopic-dermatitis
#36
REVIEW
Rou Zheng, Yan Ren, Xinyue Liu, Canxia He, Hua Liu, Yixuan Wang, Jianing Li, Shuya Xia, Zhifang Liu, Yizhao Ma, Dianchen Wang, Suling Xu, Geng Wang, Na Li
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin disease characterized by intense pruritus. AD is harmful to both children and adults, but its pathogenic mechanism has yet to be fully elucidated. The development of mouse models for AD has greatly contributed to its study and treatment. Among these models, the exogenous drug-induced mouse model has shown promising results and significant advantages. Until now, a large amount of AD-related research has utilized exogenous drug-induced mouse models, leading to notable advancements in research...
January 12, 2024: Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38258052/anti-inflammatory-effects-of-the-lk5-herbal-complex-on-lps-and-il-4-il-13-stimulated-hacat-cells-and-a-dncb-induced-animal-model-of-atopic-dermatitis-in-balb-c-mice
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hyun-Jeong Kim, So-Yeon Kim, Ho Jung Bae, Yu-Yeong Choi, Ju-Yeon An, Ye Eun Cho, So-Young Cho, Su-Jung Lee, Sanghyun Lee, MinSub Sin, Young Min Yun, Jong Ryul Lee, Se Jin Park
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease influenced by a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. The activation of the JAK-STAT pathway increases the expression of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-13, further deteriorating AD. Therefore, for the treatment of AD, the JAK-STAT pathway is emerging as a significant target, alongside inflammatory cytokines. This study investigates the potential therapeutic effects of a novel herbal complex, LK5, composed of Scutellaria baicalensis , Liriope platyphylla , Sophora flavescens , Dictammus dasycarpus , and Phellodendron schneider , known for their anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating properties...
December 27, 2023: Pharmaceutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38247218/ozonated-sunflower-oil-oso-alleviates-inflammatory-responses-in-oxazolone-induced-atopic-dermatitis-ad-like-mice-and-lps-treated-raw-264-7-cells
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Su-Young Kim, Jung Ok Lee, Sue Lee, Jihye Heo, Kyung-Hyun Cho, Ashutosh Bahuguna, Kwang-Ho Yoo, Beom Joon Kim
Ozone, a highly reactive oxidant molecule, is widely used as a complementary therapy for various skin diseases, including wound healing, pressure ulcers, diabetic foot, and infections. However, there is limited research on the effectiveness of ozone for atopic dermatitis (AD). Ozonated sunflower oil (OSO) is an active ingredient obtained from partially ozonated sunflower oil (SO). OSO markedly reduced the LPS-induced increase in IL-1β and nitric oxide (NO) levels in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cells. Oxazolone (OXZ) was applied to hairless mice to induce AD-like skin symptoms and immune response...
January 12, 2024: Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38237730/interleukin-26-potentiates-type-2-skin-inflammation-in-presence-of-interleukin-1%C3%AE
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katharina Bier, Zuzana Senajova, Fanny Henrion, Yichen Wang, Sandro Bruno, Celine Rauld, Lisa C Hörmann, Carmen Barske, Corinne Delucis-Bronn, Sebastian Bergling, Marc Altorfer, Jasmin Hägele, Judith Knehr, Tobias Junt, Ben Roediger, Till A Röhn, Frank Kolbinger
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a debilitating inflammatory skin disorder. Biologics targeting the IL-4/IL-13 axis are effective in AD, but there is still a large proportion of patients that do not respond to IL-4R blockade. Further exploration of potentially pathogenic T cell-derived cytokines in AD may lead to new effective treatments. This study aimed to investigate the downstream effects of IL-26 on skin in the context of type 2 skin inflammation. We found that IL-26 alone exhibited limited inflammatory activity in skin...
January 16, 2024: Journal of Investigative Dermatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38236184/group-iii-secreted-phospholipase-a-2-driven-lysophospholipid-pathway-protects-against-allergic-asthma
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Asako Hamu-Tanoue, Koichi Takagi, Yoshitaka Taketomi, Yoshimi Miki, Yasumasa Nishito, Kuniyuki Kano, Junken Aoki, Takahiro Matsuyama, Kiyotaka Kondo, Yoichi Dotake, Hiromi Matsuyama, Kentaro Machida, Makoto Murakami, Hiromasa Inoue
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by recurrent episodes of airway obstruction, hyperresponsiveness, remodeling, and eosinophilia. Phospholipase A2 s (PLA2 s), which release fatty acids and lysophospholipids from membrane phospholipids, have been implicated in exacerbating asthma by generating pro-asthmatic lipid mediators, but an understanding of the association between individual PLA2 subtypes and asthma is still incomplete. Here, we show that group III-secreted PLA2 (sPLA2 -III) plays an ameliorating, rather than aggravating, role in asthma pathology...
January 31, 2024: FASEB Journal: Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
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