Strategies

Isobaric labeling is widely used for unbiased, proteome-wide studies, and it provides several advantages, such as fewer missing values among samples and higher quantitative precision. However, ion interference may lead to compressed or distorted observed ratios due to the coelution and coanalysis of peptides. Here, we introduced a synthetic KnockOut standard (sKO) for evaluating interference in tandem mass tags-based proteomics. sKO is made by mixing TMTpro-labeled tryptic peptides derived from four nonhuman proteins and a whole human proteome as background at different proportions...

Balancing the accuracy and simplicity of aptasensors is a challenge in their construction. This study addresses this issue by leveraging the remarkable loading capacity and peroxidase-like catalytic activity of PtPdCu trimetallic nanoparticles, which reduces the reliance on precious metals. A dual-signal readout aptasensor for enrofloxacin (ENR) detection is designed, incorporating DNA dynamic network cascade reactions to further amplify the output signal. Exploiting the strong loading capacity of PtPdCu nanoparticles, they are self-assembled with thionine (Thi) to form a signal label capable of generating signals in two independent modes...

The combined effects of twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) phenomena have demonstrated a significant influence on excited-state chemistry. These combined TICT and AIE features have been extensively utilized to enhance photodynamic and photothermal therapy. Herein, we demonstrated the synergistic capabilities of TICT and AIE phenomena in the design of the photoremovable protecting group (PRPG), namely, NMe2 -Napy-BF2 . This innovative PRPG incorporates TICT and AIE characteristics, resulting in four remarkable properties: (i) red-shifted absorption wavelength, (ii) strong near-infrared (NIR) emission, (iii) viscosity-sensitive emission property, and (iv) accelerated photorelease rate...

BACKGROUND: A better understanding of SARS-CoV-2 infection risk among Hispanic and Latino populations and in low-resource settings in the United States is needed to inform control efforts and strategies to improve health equity. Puerto Rico has a high poverty rate and other population characteristics associated with increased vulnerability to COVID-19, and there are limited data to date to determine community incidence. OBJECTIVE: This study describes the protocol and baseline seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in a prospective community-based cohort study (COPA COVID-19 [COCOVID] study) to investigate SARS-CoV-2 infection incidence and morbidity in Ponce, Puerto Rico...

Background: Cannabis use is increasing among middle-aged and older US adults, populations that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of cannabis. Risks for adverse effects differ by cannabis use patterns, which have become increasingly heterogeneous. Nevertheless, little is known about age differences in such patterns. Objective: To investigate age differences in cannabis use patterns, comparing younger (age 18-49), middle-aged (age 50-64), and older adults (age ≥65). Methods: A total of 4,151 US adults with past 7-day cannabis consumption completed an online survey (35...

BACKGROUND: To prepare nursing students to deliver high-quality care, educators need strategies to foster person-centered care (PCC). PURPOSE: This pilot study evaluated an intervention with interactive case studies on undergraduate nursing students' PCC competency. METHODS: We conducted a pilot study with sophomore undergraduate nursing students (n = 39) from a Midwestern US university. We developed a 90-minute class seminar with interactive case studies highlighting how patient preferences, values, and circumstances could influence fall risk...

An understanding of the structural properties that allow for optimal cathode performance, and their origin, is necessary for devising advanced cathode design strategies and accelerating the commercialisation of next-generation cathodes. High-voltage, Fe- and Mg-substituted LiNi0.5 Mn1.5 O4 cathodes offer a low-cost and cobalt-free, yet energy-dense alternative to commercial cathodes. In this work, we explore the effect of substituents on several important structure properties including Ni/Mn ordering, charge distribution and extrinsic defects...

Oral delivery of cells, such as probiotics and vaccines, has proved to be inefficient since cells are generally damaged in an acidic stomach prior to arrival at the intestine to exert their health benefits. In addition, short retention in the intestine is another obstacle which affects inefficiency. To overcome these obstacles, a cell-in-shell structure was designed with pH-responsive and mucoadhesive properties. The pH-responsive shell consisting of three cationic layers of chitosan and three anionic layers of trans -cinnamic acid ( t -CA) was made via layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly...

Risk stratification using genetics and minimal residual disease (MRD) has allowed to increase the cure rates of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (pedAML) up to 70% in contemporary protocols. Nevertheless, approximately 30% of patients still experience relapse, indicating a need to optimize stratification strategies. Recently, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression has been shown to hold prognostic power in multiple cancer types. Here, we aimed at refining relapse prediction in pedAML using lncRNA expression...

mRNA lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as powerful modalities for gene therapies to control cancer and infectious and immune diseases. Despite the escalating interest in mRNA-LNPs over the past few decades, endosomal entrapment of delivered mRNAs vastly impedes therapeutic developments. In addition, the molecular mechanism of LNP-mediated mRNA delivery is poorly understood to guide further improvement through rational design. To tackle these challenges, we characterized LNP-mediated mRNA delivery using a library of small molecules targeting endosomal trafficking...

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hereditary hemoglobinopathy marked by hemolytic anemia and vaso-occlusive events (VOE). Chronic endothelial activation, inflammation, and coagulation activation contribute to vascular congestion, VOE, and end-organ damage. Coagulation proteases like thrombin and activated protein C (APC) modulate inflammation and endothelial dysfunction by activating protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1), a G-protein coupled receptor. Thrombin cleaves PAR1 at Arg41, while APC cleaves PAR1 at Arg46, initiating either pro-inflammatory or cytoprotective signaling, respectively, a signaling conundrum known as biased agonism...

OBJECTIVES: This paper analyzed the research on risk management in the doctor-patient relationship (DPR) based on a systematic quantitative literature review approach using bibliometric software. It aims to uncover potential information about current research and predict future research hotspots and trends. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive search for relevant publications in the Scopus database and the Web of Science Core Collection database from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2023...

BACKGROUND: Thoracic surgery without general anesthesia can be traced back to the First World War, and thoracic epidural block was used to complete the operation due to a large number of patients with gunshot wounds who needed emergency thoracic surgery. By reducing the intraoperative opioid dose, intraoperative and postoperative opioid-related adverse events such as respiratory depression, nausea and vomiting, delirium, hyperalgesia, and other side effects can be reduced to the benefit of patients...

Preoperative rehabilitation is an important stage to both physically and mentally prepare patients for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and postoperative rehabilitation. This study aimed to investigate the current preoperative rehabilitation practice after anterior cruciate ligament injury among licensed physical therapists in Saudi Arabia. This was an online-based cross-sectional survey. A total of 114 physical therapists completed the survey. The survey consisted of 16 mandatory questions about management strategies, prescribed exercises, patients' physical and psychological concerns, and discussions about nonoperative management...

Nanoparticle organic hybrid materials (NOHMs) have been proposed as excellent electrolytes for combined CO2 capture and electrochemical conversion due to their conductive nature and chemical tunability. However, CO2 capture behavior and transport properties of these electrolytes after CO2 capture have not yet been studied. Here, we use a variety of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques to explore the carbon speciation and transport properties of branched polyethylenimine (PEI) and PEI-grafted silica nanoparticles (denoted as NOHM-I-PEI) after CO2 capture...

Preclinical studies have shown that immunostimulatory cytokines elicit antitumor immune responses but their clinical use is limited by severe immune-related adverse events upon systemic administration. Here, we report a facile and versatile strategy for noncovalently anchoring potent Fc-fused cytokine molecules to the surface of size-discrete particles decorated with Fc-binding peptide for local administration. Following intratumoral injection, particle-anchored Fc cytokines exhibit size-dependent intratumoral retention...

Hydroformylation reaction is one of the largest homogeneously catalyzed industrial processes yet suffers from difficulty and high cost in catalyst separation and recovery. Heterogeneous single-atom catalysts (SACs), on the other hand, have emerged as a promising alternative due to their high initial activity and reasonable regioselectivity. Nevertheless, the stability of SACs against metal aggregation and leaching during the reaction has rarely been addressed. Herein, we elucidate the mechanism of Rh aggregation and leaching by investigating the structural evolution of Rh1 @silicalite-1 SAC in response to different adsorbates (CO, H2 , alkene, and aldehydes) by using diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy, X-ray adsorption fine structure, and scanning transmission electron microscopy techniques and kinetic studies...

Allogeneic blood and marrow transplantation (alloBMT) is increasingly being used in older patients with blood cancer. Aging is associated with an increasing incidence of clonal hematopoiesis (CH). Although the effects of donor CH on alloBMT has been reported, the impact of recipient CH on alloBMT outcomes is unknown. In this retrospective study, alloBMT recipients age 60 and older with lymphoid malignancies were included. Among 97 consecutive patients who received alloBMT between 2017 and 2022, CH was detected in 60 (62%; 95% CI 51-72%)...

INTRODUCTION: Vaccination during pregnancy protects both the mother and the foetus from vaccine-preventable diseases. However, uptake of the recommended vaccines (influenza, pertussis, COVID-19) by pregnant women remains low in Europe and the USA. Understanding the reasons for this is crucial to inform strategies to increase vaccination rates in pregnant women. This qualitative systematic review aimed to identify the barriers and facilitators to vaccination against influenza, pertussis/whooping cough and COVID-19 during pregnancy and identify possible strategies to increase vaccination rates...

BACKGROUND: Occupational foot-transmitted vibration (FTV) exposure is common in industries like mining, construction, and agriculture, often leading to acute and chronic injuries. Vibration assessments require technical expertise and equipment which can be costly for employers to perform. Alternatively, researchers have observed that self-reported discomfort can be used as an effective indicator of injury risk. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the effect of standing FTV exposure on self-reported ratings of discomfort, and whether these subjective ratings differed by body area and exposure frequency...