keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38540161/molecular-microscope-diagnostic-system-in-patients-after-kidney-transplantation-first-experience
#1
Monika Beliančinová, Patrícia Kleinová, Tímea Blichová, Matej Vnučák, Karol Graňák, Katarína Kajová Macháleková, Ivana Dedinská
BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of graft rejection relies on the identification of donor-specific antibodies along with histological findings. Borderline changes are particularly challenging, representing non-rejection findings in up to 70% of cases. The analysis aimed to compare the results of histopathological conclusions with the findings from examination using a molecular microscope, which assesses gene expression (whole-genome microarray chip technology). METHODS: Molecular microscope examination (MMDx) was applied to twelve patients (six men and six women) who underwent either indication or protocol graft biopsy...
February 29, 2024: Biomedicines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523879/regulation-maintenance-and-remodeling-of-high-endothelial-venules-in-homeostasis-inflammation-and-cancer
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nancy H Ruddle
High endothelial venules (HEVs), high walled cuboidal blood vessels, through their expression of adhesion molecules and chemokines, allow the entrance of lymphoid cells into primary, secondary, and tertiary lymphoid structures (aka tertiary lymphoid organs). HEV heterogeneity exists between various lymphoid organs in their expression of peripheral node addressin (PNAd) and mucosal vascular addressin adhesion molecule 1(MAdCAM-1). Transcriptomic analyses reveal extensive heterogeneity, plasticity, and regulation of HEV gene expression in ontogeny, acute inflammation, and chronic inflammation within and between lymphoid organs...
December 2023: Current Opinion in Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38510071/dynamic-immune-recovery-process-after-liver-transplantation-revealed-by-single-cell-multi-omics-analysis
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rui Wang, Xiao Peng, Yixin Yuan, Baojie Shi, Yuan Liu, Hengxiao Ni, Wenzhi Guo, Qiwei Yang, Pingguo Liu, Jie Wang, Zhaojie Su, Shengnan Yu, Dehua Liu, Jinyan Zhang, Junjie Xia, Xueni Liu, Hao Li, Zhengfeng Yang, Zhihai Peng
Elucidating the temporal process of immune remodeling under immunosuppressive treatment after liver transplantation (LT) is critical for precise clinical management strategies. Here, we performed a single-cell multi-omics analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) collected from LT patients (with and without acute cellular rejection [ACR]) at 13 time points. Validation was performed in two independent cohorts with additional LT patients and healthy controls. Our study revealed a four-phase recovery process after LT and delineated changes in immune cell composition, expression programs, and interactions along this process...
May 6, 2024: The innovation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38483692/downstaging-hepatocellular-carcinoma-with-checkpoint-inhibitor-therapy-improves-access-to-curative-liver-transplant
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Margaret C Liu, Blanca Lizaola-Mayo, Channa R Jayasekera, Amit K Mathur, Nitin Katariya, Bashar Aqel, Thomas J Byrne, David M H Chascsa
PURPOSE: Liver transplantation is curative for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Checkpoint inhibitor therapy (CPIT) has been used in unresectable HCC, but recent advances have demonstrated CPIT as an innovative method of downstaging advanced HCC with the caveat that CPIT prior to transplantation has risks including irreversible graft rejection. We report the outcomes of Mayo Clinic Arizona patients who underwent downstaging with CPIT. METHODS: This retrospective chart review was conducted for Mayo Clinic Arizona patients who were diagnosed with HCC who underwent downstaging with CPIT with the goal of meeting criteria for transplantation...
March 14, 2024: Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38465633/impact-of-cumulative-6%C3%A2-mg-kg-antithymocyte-globulin-on-early-posttransplant-outcomes-in-kidney-transplant-recipients-with-delayed-graft-function
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Van Anh Vu, Suverta Bhayana, Helen Sweiss, Nohely Castro, Reed Hall, Joelle Nelson
Introduction: Delayed graft function in kidney transplant is associated with an increased risk of rejection and graft loss. Use of rabbit antithymocyte globulin induction in delayed graft function has been correlated with less rejection compared to basiliximab, but optimal dosing remains unknown. Program Evaluation Aims: The purpose of this evaluation was to retrospectively assess the short-term effectiveness and tolerability of a clinical protocol that increased the net state of immunosuppression in delayed graft function kidney transplant recipients using cumulative 6 mg/kg rabbit antithymocyte globulin induction...
March 11, 2024: Progress in Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38464256/defining-the-t-cell-transcriptional-landscape-in-pediatric-liver-transplant-rejection-at-single-cell-resolution
#6
Anna L Peters, Erica A K DePasquale, Gousia Begum, Krishna M Roskin, E Steve Woodle, David A Hildeman
Acute cellular rejection (ACR) affects >80% of pediatric liver transplant recipients within 5 years, and late ACR is associated with graft failure. Traditional anti-rejection therapy for late ACR is ineffective and has remained unchanged for six decades. Although CD8+ T cells promote late ACR, little has been done to define their specificity and gene expression. Here, we used single-cell sequencing and immune repertoire profiling (10X Genomics) on 30 cryopreserved 16G liver biopsies from 14 patients (5 pre-transplant or with no ACR, 9 with ACR)...
February 29, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38460620/sex-specific-patterns-of-donor-derived-cell-free-dna-in-heart-transplant-rejection-an-analysis-from-the-genomic-research-alliance-for-transplantation-graft
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ersilia M DeFilippis, Benjamin Sweigart, Kiran K Khush, Palak Shah, Sean Agbor-Enoh, Hannah A Valantine, Amanda R Vest
INTRODUCTION: Non-invasive methods for surveillance of acute rejection are increasingly used in heart transplantation (HT), including donor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDNA). As other cardiac biomarkers differ by sex, we hypothesized that there may be sex-specific differences in performance of dd-cfDNA for detection of acute rejection. The purpose of the current study was to examine patterns of dd-cfDNA seen in quiescence and acute rejection in males and female transplant recipients. METHODS: Patients enrolled in the Genomic Research Alliance for Transplantation (GRAfT) who were ≥18 years at the time of HT were included...
March 7, 2024: Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38419149/basiliximab-induction-and-postoperative-steroid-free-immunosuppression-with-tacrolimus-in-pediatric-liver-transplantation-a-randomized-clinical-trial
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chong Dong, Zhuolun Song, Chao Sun, Kai Wang, Wei Zhang, Jing Chen, Weiping Zheng, Yang Yang, Zhen Wang, Chao Han, Lijun Jiao, Guofeng Zhang, Enbo Xie, Wei Gao, Zhongyang Shen
BACKGROUND: Optimizing the immunosuppressive regimen is essential to improve the long-term outcomes of pediatric liver transplant recipients. METHODS: We conducted a prospective, randomized, open-label study to compare the safety and efficacy of 2 treatment approaches during pediatric liver transplantation: tacrolimus monotherapy following basiliximab induction (the study group) and a dual regimen of tacrolimus plus steroids (the control group). A total of 150 patients were enrolled, with 75 patients allocated to each group...
February 29, 2024: Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38414976/enhanced-donor-antigen-presentation-by-b-cells-predicts-acute-cellular-rejection-and-late-outcomes-after-transplantation
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chethan Ashokkumar, Mylarappa Ningappa, Vikram Raghu, George Mazariegos, Brandon W Higgs, Paul Morgan, Lisa Remaley, Tamara Fazzolare Martin, Pamela Holzer, Kevin Trostle, Qingyong Xu, Adriana Zeevi, James Squires, Kyle Soltys, Simon Horslen, Ajai Khanna, Armando Ganoza, Rakesh Sindhi
BACKGROUND: Enhanced B-cell presentation of donor alloantigen relative to presentation of HLA-mismatched reference alloantigen is associated with acute cellular rejection (ACR), when expressed as a ratio called the antigen presenting index (API) in an exploratory cohort of liver and intestine transplant (LT and IT) recipients. METHODS: To test clinical performance, we measured the API using the previously described 6-h assay in 84 LT and 54 IT recipients with median age 3...
March 2024: Transplantation Direct
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38409686/what-are-risk-factors-for-graft-loss-in-patients-who-underwent-simultaneous-splenectomy-during-living-donor-liver-transplantation
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takeo Toshima, Noboru Harada, Shinji Itoh, Takahiro Tomiyama, Katsuya Toshida, Kazutoyo Morita, Yoshihiro Nagao, Takeshi Kurihara, Takahiro Tomino, Yukiko Kosai-Fujimoto, Koshi Mimori, Tomoharu Yoshizumi
BACKGROUND: The consensus that portal venous pressure modulation, including splenectomy (Spx), prevents portal hypertension-related complications after living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT) has been established. However, little evidence about the risk factors for graft loss after simultaneous Spx during LDLT is available. This study aimed to identify the independent predictors of graft loss after simultaneous Spx during LDLT. METHODS: Data of 655 recipients who underwent LDLT between 1997 and 2021 were collected and separated into the simultaneous Spx group (n = 461) and no-Spx group (n = 194)...
February 27, 2024: Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38403187/fibrotic-progression-from-acute-cellular-rejection-is-dependent-on-secondary-lymphoid-organs-in-a-mouse-model-of-chronic-lung-allograft-dysfunction
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katsutaka Mineura, Satona Tanaka, Yasufumi Goda, Yuriko Terada, Akihiko Yoshizawa, Keisuke Umemura, Atsuyasu Sato, Yoshito Yamada, Yojiro Yutaka, Akihiro Ohsumi, Daisuke Nakajima, Masatsugu Hamaji, Toshi Mennju, Daniel Kreisel, Hiroshi Date
Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) remains one of the major limitations to long term survival after lung transplantation. We modified a murine model of CLAD and transplanted left lungs from BALB/c donors into B6 recipients that were treated with intermittent cyclosporine and methylprednisolone postoperatively. In this model, the lung allograft developed acute cellular rejection on day 15 (D15) which, by D30 after transplantation, progressed to severe pleural and peribronchovascular fibrosis, reminiscent of changes observed in restrictive allograft syndrome (RAS)...
February 23, 2024: American Journal of Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38402125/real-time-and-non-invasive-acute-lung-rejection-diagnosis-using-confocal-laser-endomicroscopy-in-lung-transplant-recipients-results-from-the-celtics-study
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
T Villeneuve, C Hermant, A Le Borgne, M Murris, G Plat, V Héluain, M Colombat, M Courtade-Saïdi, S Evrard, S Collot, M Salaün, N Guibert
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Traditionally, the diagnosis of acute rejection (AR) relies on invasive transbronchial biopsies (TBBs) to obtain histopathological samples. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic yield of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) as a complementary and non-invasive tool for ACR screening, comparing its results with those obtained from TBBs. METHODS: Between January 2015 and April 2022, we conducted a retrospective study of all lung transplant recipients aged over 18 years at Toulouse University Hospital (France)...
February 23, 2024: Pulmonology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38387008/the-emperor-has-some-clothes-emerging-molecular-diagnostics-in-post-lung-transplant-decision-making
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel R Calabrese, Ciara M Shaver
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 22, 2024: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38385397/frequency-of-complications-after-kidney-transplant-in-the-early-postoperative-period
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Farhod Khadjibaev, Pulat Sultanov, Dilshod Ergashev, Ruslan Sadikov, Jur'at Djuraev, Nurbek Iskhakov, Azizbek Ismatov
OBJECTIVES: Complications after kidney transplant can be divided into surgical and nonsurgical. Our study investigated the incidence of postoperative complications and types of complications in a single center. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the occurrence of postoperative complications in 220 patients who underwent kidney transplantation at the Republican Scientific Center for Emergency Medical Care (Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan) from January 2019 to October 2022...
January 2024: Experimental and Clinical Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38380175/a-gentler-approach-to-monitor-for-heart-transplant-rejection
#15
REVIEW
Jason F Goldberg, Aditya Mehta, Rupinder K Bahniwal, Sean Agbor-Enoh, Palak Shah
Despite developments in circulating biomarker and imaging technology in the assessment of cardiovascular disease, the surveillance and diagnosis of heart transplant rejection has continued to rely on histopathologic interpretation of the endomyocardial biopsy. Increasing evidence shows the utility of molecular evaluations, such as donor-specific antibodies and donor-derived cell-free DNA, as well as advanced imaging techniques, such as cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, in the assessment of rejection, resulting in the elimination of many surveillance endomyocardial biopsies...
2024: Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38375637/racial-differences-in-donor-derived-cell-free-dna-and-mitochondrial-dna-after-heart-transplantation-on-behalf-of-the-graft-investigators
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Palak Shah, Sean Agbor-Enoh, Seiyon Lee, Temesgen E Andargie, Shashank S Sinha, Hyesik Kong, Lawrence Henry, Woojin Park, Erick McNair, Inna Tchoukina, Keyur B Shah, Samer S Najjar, Steven Hsu, Maria E Rodrigo, Moon Kyoo Jang, Charles Marboe, Gerald J Berry, Hannah A Valantine
BACKGROUND: Black heart transplant patients are at higher risk of acute rejection (AR) and death than White patients. We hypothesized that this risk may be associated with higher levels of donor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDNA) and cell-free mitochondrial DNA. METHODS: The Genomic Research Alliance for Transplantation is a multicenter, prospective, longitudinal cohort study. Sequencing was used to quantitate dd-cfDNA and polymerase chain reaction to quantitate cell-free mitochondrial DNA in plasma...
February 20, 2024: Circulation. Heart Failure
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38373559/relationship-between-donor-derived-cell-free-dna-and-tissue-based-rejection-related-transcripts-in-heart-transplantation
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dae Hyun Lee, Ahsan Usmani, Robby Wu, Tammi Wicks, Caroline Y Noh, Ryan Burke, Vani Ravichandran, Theresa Wolf-Doty, Ioana Dumitru, Guilherme H Oliveira, Peter Berman, Benjamin Mackie
INTRODUCTION: Endomyocardial biopsy (EMB)-based traditional microscopy remains the gold standard for the detection of cardiac allograft rejection, despite its limitation of inherent subjectivity leading to inter-reader variability. Alternative techniques now exist to surveil for allograft injury and classify rejection. Donor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDNA) testing is now a validated blood-based assay used to surveil for allograft injury. The molecular microscope diagnostic system (MMDx) utilizes intragraft rejection-associated transcripts (RATs) to classify allograft rejection and identify injury...
February 17, 2024: Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38367601/hepatic-granulomas-following-liver-transplantation-a-retrospective-survey-and-analysis-of-possible-microbiological-etiology
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anisoara Iordache, Kurt Fuursted, Charlotte Vestrup Rift, Allan Rasmussen, Gro Linno Willemoe, Jane Preuss Hasselby
BACKGROUND: Liver granulomas have always been a diagnostic challenge for pathologists. They have been described in up to 15% of liver biopsies and can also be seen in liver allograft biopsy specimens, but there is a paucity of information regarding the prevalence and associated etiologic factors of granulomas in liver transplanted patients. The aim of this study is to shed light on the etiology of liver granulomas. METHODS: Liver biopsies from liver transplanted patients, in the period from 01...
February 9, 2024: Pathology, Research and Practice
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38358857/longitudinal-lower-airway-microbial-signatures-of-acute-cellular-rejection-in-lung-transplantation
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jake G Natalini, Kendrew K Wong, Nathaniel C Nelson, Benjamin G Wu, Darya Rudym, Melissa B Lesko, Seema Qayum, Tyler C Lewis, Adrian Wong, Stephanie H Chang, Justin C Y Chan, Travis C Geraci, Yonghua Li, Chan Wang, Huilin Li, Prerna Pamar, Joseph Schnier, Ian J Mahoney, Tahir Malik, Fares Darawshy, Imran Sulaiman, Matthias C Kugler, Rajbir Singh, Destiny E Collazo, Miao Chang, Shrey Patel, Yaa Kyeremateng, Colin McCormick, Clea R Barnett, Jun-Chieh J Tsay, Shari B Brosnahan, Shivani Singh, Harvey I Pass, Luis F Angel, Leopoldo N Segal
Rationale: Acute cellular rejection (ACR) after lung transplantation is a leading risk factor for chronic lung allograft dysfunction. Prior studies have demonstrated dynamic microbial changes occurring within the allograft and gut that influence local adaptive and innate immune responses. However, the lung microbiome's overall impact on ACR risk remains poorly understood. Objective: To evaluate whether temporal changes in microbial signatures were associated with the development of ACR. Methods: We performed cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses (joint modeling of longitudinal and time-to-event data and trajectory comparisons) of 16S rRNA gene sequencing results derived from lung transplant recipient lower airway samples collected at multiple timepoints...
February 15, 2024: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38357233/monitoring-of-plasma-circulating-donor-dna-reflects-cardiac-graft-injury-report-of-two-cases
#20
Dana Dlouha, Pavlina Huckova, Eva Rohlova, Jevgenija Vymetalova, Sarka Novakova, Jaroslav A Hubacek
The current standard for graft rejection surveillance is endomyocardial biopsy (EMB), an invasive procedure with rare but potentially serious complications. Detection of circulating donor-derived cell-free DNA (ddcfDNA) is an option for noninvasive monitoring of graft injury and rejection. A 63-year-old man and a 65-year-old woman were monitored by EMB for allograft rejection. A total of 48 single-nucleotide polymorphisms with a minor allele frequency range of 0.4-0.5 were screened to distinguish donor and recipient DNA based on homozygosity, and digital droplet PCR was used to analyze ddcfDNA concentrations...
March 2024: Biomedical Reports
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