keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534355/recent-research-trends-in-neuroinflammatory-and-neurodegenerative-disorders
#1
REVIEW
Jessica Cohen, Annette Mathew, Kirk D Dourvetakis, Estella Sanchez-Guerrero, Rajendra P Pangeni, Narasimman Gurusamy, Kristina K Aenlle, Geeta Ravindran, Assma Twahir, Dylan Isler, Sara Rukmini Sosa-Garcia, Axel Llizo, Alison C Bested, Theoharis C Theoharides, Nancy G Klimas, Duraisamy Kempuraj
Neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), traumatic brain injury (TBI) and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are chronic major health disorders. The exact mechanism of the neuroimmune dysfunctions of these disease pathogeneses is currently not clearly understood. These disorders show dysregulated neuroimmune and inflammatory responses, including activation of neurons, glial cells, and neurovascular unit damage associated with excessive release of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, neurotoxic mediators, and infiltration of peripheral immune cells into the brain, as well as entry of inflammatory mediators through damaged neurovascular endothelial cells, blood-brain barrier and tight junction proteins...
March 14, 2024: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38449731/gulf-war-toxicant-induced-effects-on-the-hippocampal-dendritic-arbor-are-reversed-by-treatment-with-a-withania-somnifera-extract
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amaan L Shaikh, Kathleen E Murray, Vijayalakshmi Ravindranath, Bruce A Citron
Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a multi-symptom disorder that manifests with fatigue, sleep disturbances, mood-cognition pathologies, and musculoskeletal symptoms. GWI affects at least 25% of the military personnel that served in Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm from 1990 to 1991. We modeled Gulf War toxicant exposure in C57BL/6J mice by combined exposure to pyridostigmine bromide (an anti-sarin drug), chlorpyrifos (an organophosphate insecticide), and DEET (an insect repellent) for 10 days followed by oral treatment with Withania somnifera root extract for 21 days beginning at 12 weeks post-exposure...
2024: Frontiers in Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38400142/anthrax-vaccines-in-the-21st-century
#3
REVIEW
Apostolos P Georgopoulos, Lisa M James
Vaccination against Bacillus anthracis is the best preventive measure against the development of deadly anthrax disease in the event of exposure to anthrax either as a bioweapon or in its naturally occurring form. Anthrax vaccines, however, have historically been plagued with controversy, particularly related to their safety. Fortunately, recent improvements in anthrax vaccines have been shown to confer protection with reduced short-term safety concerns, although questions about long-term safety remain. Here, we (a) review recent and ongoing advances in anthrax vaccine development, (b) emphasize the need for thorough characterization of current (and future) vaccines, (c) bring to focus the importance of host immunogenetics as the ultimate determinant of successful antibody production and protection, and (d) discuss the need for the systematic, active, and targeted monitoring of vaccine recipients for possible Chronic Multisymptom Illness (CMI)...
February 3, 2024: Vaccines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38395810/improving-care-for-veterans-environmental-exposure-concerns-applications-of-the-consolidated-framework-for-implementation-research-in-program-evaluation
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katharine Bloeser, Justin M Kimber, Susan L Santos, Chana B Krupka, Lisa M McAndrew
BACKGROUND: Healthcare systems, like the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), need policies and procedures for delivering care to special populations including those with environmental exposure concerns. Despite being common and pervasive, especially among Veterans, environmental exposures are largely overlooked by healthcare providers. To successfully implement care for Veterans with military environmental exposure concerns, an understanding of contextual factors impeding care on the provider (e...
February 23, 2024: BMC Health Services Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38313276/exposure-to-gulf-war-illness-related-chemicals-exacerbates-alcohol-induced-liver-damage-in-rodents
#5
Anca Petrescu, Julie Venter, Daria D Danilenko, Daniela Medina, Stephanie Grant, Su Yeon An, Elaina Williams, Patrick Mireles, Matthew Tjahja, Sharon DeMorrow
Gulf War Illness (GWI) describes a series of symptoms suffered by veterans of the Gulf war consisting of cognitive, neurological and gastrointestinal dysfunctions. Two chemicals associated with GWI are the insecticide permethrin (PER) and the nerve gas prophylactic pyridostigmine-bromide (PB). In this study we assessed the effects of PER and PB exposure on pathology and subsequent alcohol (EtOH)-induced liver injury, and the influence of a macrophage depletor, PLX3397, on EtOH-induced liver damage in PER/PB- treated mice...
January 18, 2024: Research Square
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38291474/olfactory-and-cognitive-decrements-in-1991-gulf-war-veterans-with-gulf-war-illness-chronic-multisymptom-illness
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Linda L Chao
BACKGROUND: Gulf War illness (GWI)/Chronic Multisymptom Illness (CMI) is a disorder related to military service in the 1991 Gulf War (GW). Prominent symptoms of GWI/CMI include fatigue, pain, and cognitive dysfunction. Although anosmia is not a typical GWI/CMI symptom, anecdotally some GW veterans have reported losing their sense smell shortly after the war. Because olfactory deficit is a prodromal symptom of neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease, and because we previously reported suggestive evidence that deployed GW veterans may be at increased risk for Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and dementia, the current study examined the relationship between olfactory and cognitive function in deployed GW veterans...
January 30, 2024: Environmental Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38272121/mental-health-treatment-utilization-among-gulf-war-era-veterans-with-probable-alcohol-use-disorder
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pallavi Aurora, Catherine E Paquette, Jean C Beckham, Mary Jo Pugh, Nathan A Kimbrel, Patrick S Calhoun
INTRODUCTION: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is prevalent among veterans, and excessive alcohol use is associated with significant mental and physical health consequences. Currently, the largest cohort of veterans seeking services at the VA are those from the 1990s Gulf War Era. This cohort of veterans is unique due to the nature of their deployment resulting in a myriad of unexplained symptoms collectively known as "Gulf War Illness" and higher rates of mental health problems. The present study sought to examine the association between probable AUD and mental health treatment utilization in a sample of 1126 (882 male) Gulf War-era veterans...
January 23, 2024: J Subst Use Addict Treat
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38248536/the-million-veteran-program-1990-1991-gulf-war-era-survey-an-evaluation-of-veteran-response-characteristics-and-representativeness-of-the-gulf-war-era-veteran-population
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kelly M Harrington, Rachel Quaden, Lea Steele, Drew A Helmer, Elizabeth R Hauser, Sarah T Ahmed, Mihaela Aslan, Krishnan Radhakrishnan, Jacqueline Honerlaw, Xuan-Mai T Nguyen, Sumitra Muralidhar, John Concato, Kelly Cho, J Michael Gaziano, Stacey B Whitbourne, On Behalf Of The Va Million Veteran Program
To address gaps in understanding the pathophysiology of Gulf War Illness (GWI), the VA Million Veteran Program (MVP) developed and implemented a survey to MVP enrollees who served in the U.S. military during the 1990-1991 Persian Gulf War (GW). Eligible Veterans were invited via mail to complete a survey assessing health conditions as well as GW-specific deployment characteristics and exposures. We evaluated the representativeness of this GW-era cohort relative to the broader population by comparing demographic, military, and health characteristics between respondents and non-respondents, as well as with all GW-era Veterans who have used Veterans Health Administration (VHA) services and the full population of U...
January 8, 2024: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38201260/prolonged-antibiotic-use-in-a-preclinical-model-of-gulf-war-chronic-multisymptom-illness-causes-renal-fibrosis-like-pathology-via-increased-micro-rna-21-induced-pten-inhibition-that-is-correlated-with-low-host-lachnospiraceae-abundance
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ayushi Trivedi, Dipro Bose, Punnag Saha, Subhajit Roy, Madhura More, Jonathan Skupsky, Nancy G Klimas, Saurabh Chatterjee
Gulf War (GW) veterans show gastrointestinal disturbances and gut dysbiosis. Prolonged antibiotic treatments commonly employed in veterans, especially the use of fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides, have also been associated with dysbiosis. This study investigates the effect of prolonged antibiotic exposure on risks of adverse renal pathology and its association with gut bacterial species abundance in underlying GWI and aims to uncover the molecular mechanisms leading to possible renal dysfunction with aging...
December 27, 2023: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38195674/susceptibility-to-radiation-adverse-effects-in-veterans-with-gulf-war-illness-and-healthy-civilians
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Beatrice Alexandra Golomb, Brinton Keith Berg, Jun Hee Han
We evaluated whether veterans with Gulf War illness (VGWI) report greater ionizing radiation adverse effects (RadAEs) than controls; whether radiation-sensitivity is tied to reported chemical-sensitivity; and whether environmental exposures are apparent risk factors for reported RadAEs (rRadAEs). 81 participants (41 VGWI, 40 controls) rated exposure to, and rRadAEs from, four radiation types. The relations of RadAE-propensity (defined as the ratio of rRadAEs to summed radiation exposures) to Gulf War illness (GWI) presence and severity, and to reported chemical-sensitivity were assessed...
January 9, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38167090/disentangling-the-effects-of-ptsd-from-gulf-war-illness-in-male-veterans-via-a-systems-wide-analysis-of-immune-cell-cytokine-and-symptom-measures
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Esha Sultana, Nandan Shastry, Rishabh Kasarla, Jacob Hardy, Fanny Collado, Kristina Aenlle, Maria Abreu, Emily Sisson, Kimberly Sullivan, Nancy Klimas, Travis J A Craddock
BACKGROUND: One-third of veterans returning from the 1990-1991 Gulf War reported a myriad of symptoms including cognitive dysfunction, skin rashes, musculoskeletal discomfort, and fatigue. This symptom cluster is now referred to as Gulf War Illness (GWI). As the underlying mechanisms of GWI have yet to be fully elucidated, diagnosis and treatment are based on symptomatic presentation. One confounding factor tied to the illness is the high presence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)...
January 2, 2024: Military Medical Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38033143/treatment-and-life-goals-among-veterans-with-gulf-war-illness
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicole Sullivan, Hannah Schorpp, Sarah Crosky, Scott Thien, Drew A Helmer, David R Litke, Wilfred R Pigeon, Karen S Quigley, Lisa M McAndrew
Medically unexplained syndromes (MUS), also termed persistent physical symptoms, are both prevalent and disabling. Yet treatments for MUS are marked by high rates of patient dissatisfaction, as well as disagreement between patients and providers on the management of persistent physical symptoms. A better understanding of patient-generated goals could increase collaborative goal setting and promote person-centered care, a critical component of MUS treatment; yet research in this area is lacking. This paper aimed to develop a typology of treatment and life goals among Gulf War veterans with a medically unexplained syndrome (Gulf War Illness)...
2023: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38019750/living-with-toxic-wounds-the-voices-and-visual-self-representations-of-gulf-war-veterans
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rebekka Dieterich-Hartwell, Bani Malhotra, Aslı Arslanbek, Bryann DeBeer, Tabitha Alverio, Girija Kaimal
Operations Desert Shield and Storm occurred over 30 years ago, yet many of those who were deployed continue to experience chronic and debilitating symptoms, now recognized as Gulf War Illness (GWI). While efforts have been made to explore clinical treatments for GWI, misperceptions and skepticism about its complex nature and a lack of consensus on its etiology impede progress in this area. A critical necessity remains to better understand the experiences, needs, and concerns of veterans with GWI. In this qualitative research study, 40 Gulf War veterans were interviewed about their perceptions regarding symptoms of physical health, cognitive functioning, quality of life, and the quality of care received...
November 29, 2023: Qualitative Health Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37997023/military-exposures-and-gulf-war-illness-in-veterans-with-and-without-posttraumatic-stress-disorder
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stephen H Boyle, Julie Upchurch, Elizabeth J Gifford, Thomas S Redding, Elizabeth R Hauser, Deeksha Malhotra, Ashlyn Press, Kellie J Sims, Christina D Williams
Gulf War illness (GWI) is a chronic multisymptom disorder of unknown etiology that is believed to be caused by neurotoxicant exposure experienced during deployment to the Gulf War. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) covaries with GWI and is believed to play a role in GWI symptoms. The present study examined the association between self-reported military exposures and GWI, stratified by PTSD status, in veterans from the Gulf War Era Cohort and Biorepository who were deployed to the Persian Gulf during the war...
November 23, 2023: Journal of Traumatic Stress
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37989436/gulf-war-toxicant-induced-reductions-in-dendritic-arbors-and-spine-densities-of-dentate-granule-cells-are-improved-by-treatment-with-a-nrf2-activator
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kathleen E Murray, Whitney A Ratliff, Vedad Delic, Bruce A Citron
Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a chronic multi-symptom disorder affecting approximately 30 % of Veterans deployed to the Persian Gulf from 1990 to 91. GWI encompasses a wide spectrum of symptoms which frequently include neurological problems such as learning and memory impairments, mood disorders, and an increased incidence of neurodegenerative disorders. Combined exposure to both reversible and irreversible acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors has been identified as a likely risk factor for GWI. It is possible that the exposures affected connectivity in the brain, and it was also unknown whether this could benefit from treatment...
November 19, 2023: Brain Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37986147/the-effect-of-disease-misclassification-on-the-ability-to-detect-a-gene-environment-interaction-implications-of-the-specificity-of-case-definitions-for-research-on-gulf-war-illness
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Robert W Haley, Jill A Dever, Gerald Kramer, John F Teiber
BACKGROUND: Since 1997, research on Gulf War illness (GWI) has predominantly used 3 case definitions-the original Research definition, the CDC definition, and modifications of the Kansas definition-but they have not been compared against an objective standard. METHODS: All 3 case definitions were measured in the U.S. Military Health Survey by a computer-assisted telephone interview in a random sample (n = 6,497) of the 1991 deployed U.S. military force...
November 20, 2023: BMC Medical Research Methodology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37910447/bioenergetic-function-is-decreased-in-peripheral-blood-mononuclear-cells-of-veterans-with-gulf-war-illness
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joel N Meyer, William K Pan, Ian T Ryde, Thomas Alexander, Jacquelyn C Klein-Adams, Duncan S Ndirangu, Michael J Falvo
Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a major health problem for approximately 250,000 Gulf War (GW) veterans, but the etiology of GWI is unclear. We hypothesized that mitochondrial dysfunction is an important contributor to GWI, based on the similarity of some GWI symptoms to those occurring in some mitochondrial diseases; the plausibility that certain pollutants to which GW veterans were exposed affect mitochondria; mitochondrial effects observed in studies in laboratory models of GWI; and previous evidence of mitochondrial outcomes in studies in GW veterans...
2023: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37863487/-ketamine-produces-antidepressant-effects-by-inhibiting-histone-deacetylases-and-upregulating-hippocampal-bdnf-levels-in-a-dfp-based-rat-model-of-gulf-war-illness
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ana Ribeiro-Davis, Dalia Y Al Saeedy, Fay M Jahr, Elisa Hawkins, Joseph L McClay, Laxmikant S Deshpande
Approximately one-third of Gulf War veterans suffer from Gulf War Illness ( GWI), which encompass mood disorders and depressive symptoms. Deployment-related exposure to organophosphate (OP) compounds has been associated with GWI development. Epigenetic modifications have been reported in GWI veterans. We previously showed that epigenetic histone dysregulations were associated with decreased Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) expression in a GWI rat model. GWI has no effective therapies. Ketamine (KET) has recently been approved by the FDA for therapy-resistant depression...
October 20, 2023: Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37794452/cognitive-decrements-in-1991-gulf-war-veterans-associations-with-gulf-war-illness-and-neurotoxicant-exposures-in-the-boston-biorepository-recruitment-and-integrative-network-bbrain-cohorts
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
D Keating, M Krengel, J Dugas, R Toomey, L Chao, L Steele, Lloyd P Janulewicz, T Heeren, E Quinn, N Klimas, K Sullivan
BACKGROUND: During deployment, veterans of the 1991 Gulf War (GW) were exposed to multiple war-related toxicants. Roughly a third of these veterans continue to exhibit neurotoxicant induced symptoms of Gulf War Illness (GWI), a multi-faceted condition that includes fatigue, pain and cognitive decrements. When studied empirically, both deployed veterans with exposures and those who meet the criteria for GWI are more likely to show deficits in the area of neuropsychological functioning...
October 4, 2023: Environmental Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37772504/association-of-atherosclerotic-cardiovascular-disease-hypertension-diabetes-and-hyperlipidemia-with-gulf-war-illness-among-gulf-war-veterans
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah T Ahmed, Ruosha Li, Peter Richardson, Saurendro Ghosh, Lea Steele, Donna L White, Alice Nono Djotsa, Kellie Sims, Elizabeth Gifford, Elizabeth R Hauser, Salim S Virani, Robert Morgan, George Delclos, Drew A Helmer
Background Approximately 30% of the 700 000 Gulf War veterans report a chronic symptom-based illness of varying severity referred to as Gulf War illness (GWI). Toxic deployment-related exposures have been implicated in the cause of GWI, some of which contribute to metabolic dysregulation and lipid abnormalities. As this cohort ages, the relationship between GWI and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a growing concern. We evaluated associations between GWI and ASCVD, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension in veterans of the Gulf War (1990-1991)...
September 29, 2023: Journal of the American Heart Association
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