Thrombolysis urokinase

Thrombolytic therapy is one of the most effective treatments for thrombus dissolution and recanalization of blocked vessels in thrombotic diseases. However, the application of the thrombolytic strategy has been limited due to unsatisfactory thrombolytic efficacy, relatively higher bleeding complications, and consequently restricted indications. Recombinant staphylokinase (r-SAK) is a third-generation thrombolytic agent produced by genetic engineering technology, which exhibits a better thrombolytic efficacy than urokinase and recombinant streptokinase...

PURPOSE: This study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of the clinical efficacy and safety between pharmacomechanical thrombectomy (PMT) and catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) in the context of acute lower-extremity deep venous thrombosis (LEDVT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of our institution's patient database spanning from February 2011 to December 2019 was performed to identify cases of acute LEDVT. The patients were categorized into two distinct groups based on the thrombolytic interventions administered: the PMT group, specifically denoting PMT with AngioJet in our investigation, and the CDT group...

Global public health is seriously threatened by thrombotic disorders because of their high rates of mortality and disability. Most thrombolytic agents, especially protein-based pharmaceuticals, have a short half-life in circulation, reducing their effectiveness in thrombolysis. The creation of an intelligent drug delivery system that delivers medication precisely and releases it under regulated conditions at nearby thrombus sites is essential for effective thrombolysis. In this article, we present a unique medication delivery system (MCRUA) that selectively targets platelets and releases drugs by stimulation from the thrombus' microenvironment...

Acute thrombosis and its complications are leading global causes of disability and death. Existing thrombolytic drugs, such as alteplase and urokinase (UK), carry a significant bleeding risk during clinical treatments. Thus, the development of a novel thrombolysis strategy is of utmost urgency. Based on the previous work, the hollow structure of microcapsules (MC) is fabricated. Subsequently, armor-piercing MC, known as Fucoidan/S-Nitrosoglutathione/Melanin@MC (FGM@MC) is obtained, using a layer-by-layer (LBL) self-assembly method...

OBJECTIVES: Ultrasound Needle, which is an improved ultrasonic horn device, has shown great potential for promoting the diffusion of thrombolytic drugs within clots and enhancing clot lysis efficiency. However, the clot lysis efficiency of different thrombolytic drugs with the synergy of Ultrasound Needle remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to compare the lysis efficiency of the non-fibrin-specific drug urokinase and fibrin-specific drug reteplase with the synergy of Ultrasound Needle...

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a venous return disorder caused by abnormal clotting of blood in deep veins. After thrombosis, most of the thrombus will spread to the deep vein trunk throughout the limb. If DVT is not treated in time, most of them will develop into thrombosis sequelae and even threaten life. Intravenous thrombolytic drugs are the most promising strategy for treating DVT, but current drugs used for thrombolysis suffer from short half-lives and narrow therapeutic indexes. To effectively manage DVT, it is necessary to develop a novel multifunctional drug-loading system to effectively prolong the treatment time and improve the therapeutic efficacy...

BACKGROUND: Thromboembolism, which leads to pulmonary embolism and ischemic stroke, remains one of the main causes of death. Ultrasound-assisted thrombolysis (UAT) is an effective thrombolytic method. However, further studies are required to elucidate the mechanism of ultrasound on arterial and venous thrombi. METHODS: We employed the blood-on-a-chip technology to simulate thrombus formation in coronary stenosis and deep vein valves. Subsequently, UAT was conducted on the chip to assess the impact of ultrasound on thrombolysis under varying flow conditions...

Objective: To compare the efficacy of urokinase and alteplase intravenous thrombolysis in the treatment of acute phase cerebral infarction and investigate their impact on serum S-100β and nerve growth factor (NGF) levels. Methods: Parameters assessed included NIHSS score reduction, vascular recanalization rates, mRS, Barthel Index, and adverse reactions. Post-treatment blood samples were also collected for further analysis. Results: The clinical treatment effectiveness and Vascular recanalization rate in Group A was higher than in Group B, with P < 0...

The synergistic advantage of combining tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) with pro-urokinase (proUK) for thrombolysis has been demonstrated in several in vitro experiments, and a single site proUK mutant (m-proUK) has been developed for better stability in plasma. Based on these studies, combination thrombolytic therapy with intravenous tPA and m-proUK has been suggested as a promising treatment for patients with ischemic stroke. This paper evaluates the efficacy and safety of the dual therapy by computational simulations of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics coupled with a local fibrinolysis model...

Thrombus-induced cardiovascular diseases threaten human health. Current treatment strategies often rely on urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) for its efficacy, yet it has such limiting factors as short half-life, lack of thrombus targeting, and systemic side effects leading to unintended bleeding. In addition, thrombolytic interventions can trigger inflammation-induced damage at thrombus sites, which affects endothelial function. To address these challenges, Fer-1/uPA@pep-CREKA-Lipo (Fu@pep-CLipo) has been developed...

Fibrinolysis is the process of the fibrin-platelet clot dissolution initiated after bleeding has been stopped. It is regulated by a cascade of proteolytic enzymes with plasmin at its core. In pathological cases, the balance of normal clot formation and dissolution is replaced by a too rapid lysis, leading to bleeding, or an insufficient one, leading to an increased thrombotic risk. The only approved therapy for emergency thrombus lysis in ischemic stroke is recombinant tissue plasminogen activator, though streptokinase or urokinase-type plasminogen activators could be used for other conditions...

Arterial thrombosis is a critical thrombotic disease that poses a significant threat to human health. However, the existing clinical treatment of arterial thrombosis lacks effective targeting and precise drug release capability. In this study, we developed a system for targeted delivery and on-demand release in arterial thrombosis treatment. The carrier was constructed using chitosan (CS) and fucoidan (Fu) through layer-by-layer assembly, with subsequent surface modification using cRGD peptide. Upon encapsulation of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), the resulting therapeutic drug delivery system, uPA-CS/Fu@cRGD, demonstrated dual-targeting abilities towards P-selectin and αIIbβ3, as well as pH and platelet-responsive release properties...

Thrombosis-related diseases represent the leading causes of disability or death worldwide. However, conventional thrombolytic therapies are subjected to narrow therapeutic window, short circulation half-life and bleeding. Herein, we rationally design and develop a safe and efficient nonpharmaceutical thrombolysis strategy based on a specific piezocatalytic effect arising from platelet membrane (PM)-conjugated two-dimensional (2D) piezoelectric selenene, Se-PM nanosheets (NSs). The 2D selenene is fabricated from nonlayered bulk selenium powder by a facile liquid-phase exfoliation method, and the PM conjugation confers selenene with the distinct thrombus-homing feature...

INTRODUCTION: Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a disabling complication of diabetes mellitus. Here, we attempted to assess whether long-term intrafemoral artery infusion of low-dose urokinase therapy improved DFUs and decreased cardiovascular events in patients with DFUs. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This trial was a single-center, randomized, parallel study. A total of 195 patients with DFU were randomized to continuous intrafemoral thrombolysis or conventional therapy groups...

To investigate the predictive role of the neutrophil-platelet ratio (NPR) before intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) on hemorrhagic transformation (HT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). AIS patients treated with IVT without endovascular therapy between June 2019 and February 2023 were included. Patients were divided into high NPR (>35) and low NPR (≤35) groups according to the optimal threshold NPR value for identifying high-risk patients before IVT. The baseline data and the incidence of HT and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) were compared between the two groups...

BACKGROUND: Haemorrhage transformation (HT) is a serious complication of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in acute ischaemic stroke (AIS). Accurate and timely prediction of the risk of HT before IVT may change the treatment decision and improve clinical prognosis. We aimed to develop a deep learning method for predicting HT after IVT for AIS using noncontrast computed tomography (NCCT) images. METHODS: We retrospectively collected data from 828 AIS patients undergoing recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) treatment within a 4...

Objectives  Direct intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (DIPS) stent placement is an effective treatment for patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS); however, thrombotic occlusion of DIPS stent remains a cause of concern. The purpose of this study is to describe a novel technique of balloon-occluded-thrombolysis (BOT) for occluded DIPS stent, and compare it with the conventional catheter-directed-thrombolysis (CDT). Methods  In this retrospective study, the hospital database was searched for BCS patients who underwent DIPS revision for thrombotic stent occlusion between January 2015 and February 2021...

Nowadays, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases caused by venous thromboembolism become main causes of mortality around the world. The current thrombolytic strategies in clinics are confined primarily due to poor penetration of nanoplatforms, limited thrombolytic efficiency, and extremely-low imaging accuracy. Herein, a novel nanomotor (NM) is engineered by combining iron oxide/perfluorohexane (PFH)/urokinase (UK) into liposome nanovesicle, which exhibits near-infrared/ultrasound (NIR/US) triggered transformation, achieves non-invasive vein thrombolysis, and realizes multimodal imaging diagnosis altogether...

INTRODUCTION: Isolated calf muscular vein thrombosis (ICMVT) can result in pulmonary embolism (PE), but the treatment of ICMVT remains controversial. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the optimal treatment for the ICMVT by comparing the efficacy and safety of different treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A network meta-analysis was conducted to search for studies published from database inception to April 30, 2022, that compared the outcomes of two or more treatments for ICMVT...

We herein report a 99-year-old woman with hypertension and dyslipidemia. From the beginning of August 20XX, significant edema from the left thigh to the toes had been observed, so she had consulted her previous doctor. She had been suspected of having cellulitis and was given antibiotics, but no improvement in her symptoms was noted, so she was transferred to our hospital. The edema of the lower leg was localized to the left lower leg only, and the D-dimer level was as high as 16.6 μg/mL at her visit to the emergency room, so deep vein thrombosis (DVT) was suspected, and the patient received immediate hospitalization...