Foot wear diabetic

AIM/INTRODUCTION: This study was designed as the second phase of a prospective cohort study to evaluate the incidence and risk factors of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted in a university hospital in Iran. Each participant was checked and followed up for two years in terms of developing newfound DFU as ultimate outcome. We investigated the variables using univariate analysis and then by backward elimination multiple logistic regression...

BACKGROUND: Peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common complications of type 2 diabetes, which can lead to impaired balance and walking. Innovative footwear devices designed to stimulate foot sensory receptors, such as vibrating insoles, could offer a new route to improve motor impairments in people with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). RESEARCH QUESTION: Does wearing vibrating insoles for the first time alter measures of balance, walking, and ankle-foot muscle activity, in people with DPN? METHODS: A randomised cross-over study was conducted with 18 ambulant men and women with a diagnosis of DPN...

Clinically, air insoles may be applied to shoes to decrease plantar pressure gradient (PPG) and increase plantar gradient angle (PGA) to reduce foot ulcers. PPG and PGA may cause skin breakdown. The effects of different inner pressures of inflatable air insoles on dynamic PPG and PGA distributions are largely unknown in non-diabetics and people with diabetes. This study aimed to explore the impact of varying inner air insole pressures on PPG and PGA to establish early mitigation strategies for people at risk of foot ulcers...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate therapeutic footwear expectations and usability of individuals with diabetes and foot complications. DESIGN: A prospective multicenter study was conducted on participants with a high risk of developing a diabetic foot ulcer. SETTING: Participants were enrolled in 11 different specialized diabetic foot units in Spain between March 2022 and June 2023. SUBJECTS: Patients with diabetes at moderate to high risk of foot ulceration receiving first therapeutic footwear prescription...

BACKGROUND: Diabetic Foot Ulceration (DFU) is one of the serious complications for people with diabetes and it is also the most devastating but yet preventable complication. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients on their foot complications and foot care practices in Fiji. METHODS: A qualitative study design was used to recruit T2DM patients attending Diabetic clinic in Rotuma Hospital, Fiji from July to September, 2021...

BACKGROUND: Exercise reduces chronic complications in individuals with diabetes and peripheral vascular diseases. In clinical practice, the use of air insole may reduce peak plantar pressure (PPP), and risk for diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). However, there is no guideline on selecting air insole pressure for effectively reducing PPP. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of different air insole pressure on PPP at different walking durations. METHODS: We tested 13 participants using repeated measures study design, including 3 air insole pressures (80, 160, and 240 mm Hg) and 2 walking durations (10 and 20 minutes) for 6 walking conditions...

BACKGROUND: Orthopaedic footwear can only be effective in preventing diabetic foot ulcers if worn by the patient. Robust data on long-term wearing time of orthopaedic footwear are not available, and needed to gain more insights into wearing patterns and associated factors (i.e. participants' demographic, disease-related characteristics, and footwear usability). We aimed to objectively assess long-term wearing patterns and identify factors associated with wearing orthopaedic footwear in people with diabetes at moderate-to-high risk of ulceration...

AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of motivational interviewing (MI) performed by MI-trained podiatrists in improving adherence to wearing orthopedic shoes in comparison to usual care in people with diabetes at low-to-high risk of ulceration. METHODS: People with diabetes with loss of protective sensation and/or peripheral artery disease, and with orthopedic shoes prescription were allocated to receive one MI-consultation by a podiatrist randomized to MI training (n = 53) or usual care only (n = 68)...

Diabetic foot ulcer disease is the combination of vasculopathy, neuropathy and infection. It is important to identify the main aetiology and to treat it for optimal ulcer healing so that limb amputation may be prevented. A literature review spanning five years (2018-2021) was performed to assess the current understanding of these aetiologies and management options for their treatment. Peripheral artery disease is prevalent in patients with diabetes. Before performing any amputations, whether minor or major, vascular supply in these patients needs to be evaluated and, if needed, improved...

BACKGROUND: Individuals with diabetic neuropathy may experience plantar ulcers and postural instability. Although use of an insole with arch support has the potential to decrease the incidence of plantar ulcers, the choice of proper design and material density concerning postural stability is challenging. The objective of this pilot study was to conduct a preliminary evaluation of the immediate effects of custom-made ethyl vinyl acetate insoles with arch support and Shore A values of 30 or 50 on static balance in patients with diabetes and neuropathic foot/feet...

OBJECTIVE: To explore adherence to wearing removable cast walkers (RCWs) among patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). METHOD: A qualitative study was conducted by interviewing patients with active DFUs and using knee-high RCWs as their offloading treatment. The interviews were undertaken at two diabetic foot clinics in Jordan, using a semi-structured guide. Data were analysed through content analysis by developing main themes and categories. RESULTS: Following interviews with 10 patients, two main key themes with a total of six categories were identified: theme 1-reporting of adherence levels was inconsistent, included two categories: i) a belief in achieving optimal adherence, and ii) non-adherence was often reported indoors; and theme 2-adherence was a consequence of multiple psychosocial, physiological and environmental factors, which included four categories: i) specific offloading knowledge or beliefs influenced adherence; ii) severity of foot disease influenced adherence; iii) social support benefitted adherence; and iv) physical features of RCWs (the usability of the offloading device) impacted adherence...

AIM: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), which are a common serious complication of diabetes mellitus, (lifetime occurrence, 19%-34%) account for at least 85% of all lower-limb amputations in diabetic patients. Special footwear (therapeutic footwear) is frequently recommended for such patients to adapt to changes in their foot structure. We aimed to, measure the effect of therapeutic footwear on DFU development and recurrence among previously affected patients in Saudi Arabia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed between June and September 2022...

AIMS: This is the 2023 International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot guideline on the prevention of foot ulcers in persons with diabetes, which updates the 2019 guideline. This guideline is targeted at clinicians and other healthcare professionals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We followed the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations methodology to devise clinical questions and critically important outcomes in the PICO format, to conduct a systematic review of the medical-scientific literature including, where appropriate, meta-analyses, and to write recommendations and their rationale...

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a clinical condition that affects gait performance and control in millions of individuals worldwide. Contrary to basic spatiotemporal parameters, gait-based spectral analysis may provide useful insights into gait neuromotor control. Hence, this study was set to investigate the spectral content of gait at the preferred speed in patients with DM. METHODS: Total 1117 individuals [658 DM and 649 healthy adults (HA)] performed a 10 m walk while wearing an inertial measurement unit over the fourth lumbar vertebra...

Custom foot orthoses are used to treat a variety of foot pathologies. However, orthotic production requires significant hands-on fabrication time and expertise to produce orthoses that are both comfortable and effective. This paper introduces a novel 3D printed orthosis and fabrication method that utilizes custom architectures to produce variable-hardness regions. These novel orthoses are compared to traditionally fabricated orthoses during a 2-week user comfort study. Twenty (n = 20) male volunteers underwent orthotic fitting for both traditional and 3D-printed foot orthoses prior to engaging in treadmill walking trials and 2 weeks of wear...

International guidelines advise people with diabetes to wear close-toed, thick-soled footwear to protect against foot ulceration. However, this type of footwear is incompatible with some of the cultures, climates, and socioeconomic conditions in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This scoping review aims to summarize what is known about footwear used by people with diabetes in LMICs and consider whether international diabetic foot guidelines are practical and actionable in these contexts, given current practices...

UNLABELLED: Insoles are used to treat various foot diseases, including plantar foot, diabetic foot ulcers, and refractory plantar fasciitis. In this study, we investigated the effects of 3-dimensional image-based (3-D) insole in healthy volunteers with no foot diseases. Additionally, the comfort of the 3-D insole was compared with that of a custom-molded insole. A single-center, randomized, open clinical trial was conducted to address the effectiveness of insole use in a healthy population with no foot or knee disease...

OBJECTIVE: Recurrent diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are associated with poor health-related quality of life and reduced mobility. Current guidelines recommend application of non-removable offloading devices (NROLDs) as they may improve the healing of DFUs, but there is a lack of information on the wider effects of wearing these devices. Few studies have examined the impact of NROLDs on holistic wellbeing or physical activity. We aimed to investigate the short-term impact of NROLDs on physical activity and DFU-related quality of life (DFU-QoL) in a small sample of community-dwelling people with recurrent DFUs...

AIMS: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a predictor of foot ulcers and leads to sedentary behaviour. This comparative study evaluated gait and feasibility of a 20-minute fast walk, at 40-60% of cardiopulmonary capacity, in individuals with DPN wearing an offloading boot and a contralateral shoe balancer. METHODS: Gait parameters were measured with inertial sensors on 32 individuals (group with DPN [n = 16], group with diabetes but without DPN [n= 9], and a group without diabetes/DPN [n= 7])...

Pressure coupled with shear stresses are the critical external factors for diabetic foot ulceration assessment and prevention. To date, a wearable system capable of measuring in-shoe multi-directional stresses for out-of-lab analysis has been elusive. The lack of an insole system capable of measuring plantar pressure and shear hinders the development of an effective foot ulcer prevention solution that could be potentially used in a daily living environment. This study reports the development of a first-of-its-kind sensorised insole system and its evaluation in laboratory settings and on human participants, indicating its potential as a wearable technology to be used in real-world applications...