"apraxia of speech"

BACKGROUND: Individuals with childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) were reported to have genetic variations related to gluten sensitivity and some neuroanatomic changes, which could be associated with alterations in neurotransmitters levels such as glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The aim was to measure the levels of antigliadin immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibody, glutamate, and GABA in the plasma of children with CAS compared with children with delayed language development (DLD) and neurotypical (NT) children...

Two subtypes of progressive apraxia of speech (PAOS) have been recognized: phonetic PAOS (PAOS_ph) where speech output is dominated by distorted sound substitutions and prosodic PAOS (PAOS_pr) which is dominated by segmented speech. We investigate whether these PAOS subtypes have different white matter microstructural abnormalities measured by diffusion tensor tractography. Thirty-three patients with PAOS (21 PAOS_ph and 12 PAOS_pr) and 19 healthy controls were recruited by the Neurodegenerative Research Group (NRG) and underwent diffusion MRI...

PURPOSE: Literature on apraxia of speech (AOS) in Chinese speakers is sparse compared to the English literature. This study aims to examine the pitch variation skills of Cantonese adults with AOS poststroke in terms of perceptual tone accuracy, acoustic fundamental frequency ( f o ) changes, and repetition durations on items with different syllable structures, lexical status, and tone syllables in various positions in a sequencing context. METHOD: Six Cantonese adults with AOS poststroke (AOS group), six adults without AOS poststroke (nAOS group), and six healthy controls (HC group) performed the tone sequencing task (TST), which was adapted from oral diadochokinetic tasks, with three different tone syllables...

BACKGROUND: The agrammatic variant of primary progressive aphasia (PAA), primary progressive apraxia of speech (PPAOS), or a combination of both (AOS-PAA) are neurodegenerative disorders characterized by speech-language impairments and together compose the AOS-PAA spectrum disorders. These patients typically have an underlying 4-repeat tauopathy, although they sometimes show evidence of amyloid-β and tau deposition on PET, suggesting Alzheimer's disease (AD). Given the growing number of pharmacologic treatment options for AD, it is important to better understand the incidence of AD pathology in these patients...

It is debated whether primary progressive apraxia of speech (PPAOS) and progressive agrammatic aphasia (PAA) belong to the same clinical spectrum traditionally termed nonfluent/agrammatic variant primary progressive aphasia (nfvPPA) or exist as two completely distinct syndromic entities with specific pathologic/prognostic correlates. We analyzed speech, language, and disease severity features in a comprehensive cohort of patients with progressive motor speech impairment and/or agrammatism to ascertain evidence of naturally occurring, clinically meaningful non-overlapping syndromic entities (e...

PURPOSE: Limited research exists assessing speech perception in school-age children with speech sound disorder (SSD) and childhood apraxia of speech (CAS); despite early evidence that speech perception may lead to error-prone motor planning/programming. In this study, we examine speech perception performance in school-age children with and without speech production deficits. METHOD: Speech perception was assessed using the Wide Range Acoustic Accuracy Scale to determine the just-noticeable difference in discrimination for three consonant-vowel syllable contrasts (/bɑ/-/wɑ/, /dɑ/-/gɑ/, /ɹɑ/-/wɑ/), each varying along a single acoustic parameter for seven children with CAS with rhotic errors, seven children with SSD with rhotic errors, and seven typically developing (TD) children...

BACKGROUND:  There is a lack of prospective research in South Africa's speech therapy private sector, specifically, in the acute stroke population. There is a need to understand the quality of speech therapy services and outcomes post-stroke in the private sector. OBJECTIVES:  This prospective cohort study investigated associations between speech, language, and swallowing conditions (i.e. dysarthria, apraxia of speech, aphasia, dysphagia), and outcomes post-stroke (i...

PURPOSE: To present the sensitivity and specificity and establish cutoff points (receiver operating characteristic [ROC] curve) for the PraxiFala Battery. METHOD: The sample included 308 Brazilian-speaking children aged 3;0-7;11. Twenty-one children had motor speech disorders (MSD), 58 children had phonological disorder (PD), and 229 had typical speech (TS) development. Participants were administered the PraxiFala Battery, which contains verbal (word and sentence production), nonverbal (orofacial praxis), and diadochokinetic tasks...

PURPOSE: The assessment and diagnosis of apraxia of speech (AOS) have been well studied in the English context, yet there is limited understanding of the clinical practice in speakers of other languages, like Cantonese. This study aimed to obtain information about the clinical practice of assessment methods and diagnostic criteria used, and confidence in diagnosing, AOS in Cantonese speakers. METHOD: An online survey constructed with Google Forms was completed by 27 speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in Hong Kong...

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PURPOSE: A Phase I study was conducted to examine the treatment effectiveness of the Kaufman Speech to Language Protocol using a research-operationalised protocol. It was hypothesised that articulatory accuracy would improve as a result of the treatment and that these improvements would be maintained after treatment was discontinued. METHOD: A single case experimental design was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the Kaufman Speech to Language Protocol. Four children with a confirmed childhood apraxia of speech diagnosis were included in this study...

BACKGROUND: In awake surgery, cortical mapping may identify the negative motor area (NMA). However, since speech arrest occurs regardless of whether the NMA or the frontal language area (FLA) is stimulated, the presence of speech arrest alone does not distinguish the NMA from the FLA. Furthermore, the exact location and function of the NMA is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to more accurately locate the NMA in a group of cases in which the NMA and FLA could be identified in different brain gyri, and to describe symptoms in cases in which the NMA was removed...

PURPOSE: To develop an assessment protocol for speech motor planning with phonologically balanced stimuli for Brazilian Portuguese, including all necessary variables for this diagnosis. METHODS: Three stages were carried out: In the first, word lists were built with the main criterion being syllabic and accentual patterns. From the survey conducted in Stage 1, the words that composed the first version of the protocol lists in Stage 2 were selected, and grouped into two fundamental tasks for diagnosing acquired apraxia of speech (AOS): repetition and Reading Aloud (RA)...

OBJECTIVE: Progressive non-fluent aphasia (PNFA) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by agrammatism and apraxia of speech. Other features include impaired comprehension of syntactically complex structures, intact object knowledge, and spared single-word comprehension. Given the complexity of primary progressive aphasia (PPA) syndromes, neuropsychologists can play a vital role in differential diagnosis, particularly when there are comorbid medical factors. METHOD: This case study presents on a 74-year-old female with progressive language and cognitive impairment over the past 8 years whose care was jointly managed in specialty neurology clinics (e...

OBJECTIVE: Primary progressive apraxia of speech (PPAOS) is a lesser-known neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive speech production loss, affecting word articulation. Apraxic speech commonly occurs in primary progressive aphasias (PPAs) and as a result, is often misdiagnosed as agrammatic PPA (aPPA). The current case highlights the importance of neuropsychological evaluations and behavioral observations in delineating PPAOS from aPPA. METHOD: The patient is a 71-year-old right-handed White female who presented with a 2-year history of language difficulties beginning with a lisp and progressing to an inability to produce words...

OBJECTIVE: The non-fluent/agrammatic variant of primary progressive aphasia (naPPA) is a neurodegenerative syndrome associated with agrammatism in language production and effortful speech (Gorno-Tempini et al., 2011). There is limited literature on PPA in non-English speakers and few clinical cases of bilingual naPPA have been described (Tee et al., 2022; Zanini et al., 2011). Characteristics of symptoms in orthographic languages, such as Chinese, are not well understood (Ting et al., 2017)...

Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) and primary progressive apraxia of speech (PPAOS) are neurodegenerative syndromes characterized by progressive decline in language or speech. There is a growing number of studies investigating speech-language interventions for PPA/PPAOS. An updated systematic evaluation of the treatment evidence is warranted to inform best clinical practice and guide future treatment research. We systematically reviewed the evidence for behavioral treatment for speech and language in this population...

The non-fluent/agrammatic variant of primary progressive aphasia (nfvPPA) is a neurodegenerative syndrome primarily defined by the presence of apraxia of speech (AoS) and/or expressive agrammatism. In addition, many patients exhibit dysarthria and/or receptive agrammatism. This leads to substantial phenotypic variation within the speech-language domain across individuals and time, in terms of both the specific combination of symptoms as well as their severity. How to resolve such phenotypic heterogeneity in nfvPPA is a matter of debate...

PURPOSE: The study's primary aims were to describe the long-term speech outcomes for adolescents and young adults with a history of childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) and to examine the association of persistent speech sound errors with measures of literacy skills, phonological processing, motor speech production, and parent report of early motor difficulty. METHOD: Data from a large longitudinal 25-year study were used to explore outcomes for 32 individuals with a history of CAS, ages 12;6 (years;months) to 25 years ( M = 17...

Individuals with childhood apraxia of speech often exhibit greater difficulty with expressive language than with receptive language. As a result, they may benefit from alternative modes of communication. Here, we present a patient with childhood apraxia of speech who used pointing as a means of communication at age 2¼ years and self-made gestures at age 3½, when he had severe difficulties speaking in spite of probable normal comprehension abilities. His original gestures included not only word-level expressions, but also sentence-length ones...