aerobic

Discharge of gas-rich brines fuels productive chemosynthetic ecosystems in the deep sea. In these salty, methanic and sulfidic brines, microbial communities adapt to specific niches along the physicochemical gradients. However, the molecular mechanisms that underpin these adaptations are not fully known. Using metagenomics, we investigated the dense (∼106  cell ml-1 ) microbial communities that occupy small deep-sea brine pools found in the Southeastern Mediterranean Sea (1150 m water depth, ∼22 °C, ∼60 PSU salinity, sulfide, methane, ammonia reaching millimolar levels, and oxygen usually depleted), reaching high productivity rates of 685 μg C L-1 d-1 ex-situ...

In eukaryotic cells, aerobic energy is produced by mitochondria through oxygen uptake. However, little is known about the early mitochondrial responses to moderate hypobaric hypoxia (MHH) in highly metabolic active tissues. Here, we describe the mitochondrial responses to acute MHH in the heart and skeletal muscle. Rats were randomly allocated into a normoxia control group (n = 10) and a hypoxia group (n = 30), divided into three groups (0, 6, and 24 h post-MHH). The normoxia situation was recapitulated at the University of Granada, at 662 m above sea level...

Aerobic exercise reduces circulating ionized Ca (iCa) and increases parathyroid hormone (PTH), but the cause and consequences on Ca handling are unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of strenuous exercise on Ca kinetics using dual stable Ca isotopes. Twenty-one healthy women (26.4 ± 6.7 yr) completed a randomized, crossover study entailing two 6-d iterations consisting of either 60 min of treadmill walking at 65% VO2max wearing a vest weighing 30% body weight on study days 1, 3, and 5 (exercise [EX]), or a rest iteration (rest [REST])...

A facile solvent-free solid-state method was adapted to synthesize the spherical-shaped Bi2 WO6 engraved on phenyl-doped g-C3 N4 nanosheet, i.e., Bi2 WO6 /Ph-gC3 N4 (or BPCN) composites with varying weights of Bi2 WO6 . Several spectral analyses were used to characterize all the synthesized nanomaterials. The synthesized photocatalyst showed good absorption under visible light as confirmed by UV-visible DRS analysis. Morphological analyses like SEM and TEM determine the successful fabrication of binary heterocomposite...

Human hematopoiesis starts at early yolk sac and undergoes site- and stage-specific changes over development. The intrinsic mechanism underlying property changes in hematopoiesis ontogeny remains poorly understood. Here, we analyzed single-cell transcriptome of human primary hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) at different developmental stages, including yolk-sac (YS), AGM, fetal liver (FL), umbilical cord blood (UCB) and adult peripheral blood (PB) mobilized HSPCs. These stage-specific HSPCs display differential intrinsic properties, such as metabolism, self-renewal, differentiating potentialities etc...

Bacterial reduction of hexavalent chromium (VI) to chromium (III) is a sustainable bioremediation approach. However, the Cr(VI) containing wastewaters are often characterized with complex conditions such as high salt, alkaline pH and heavy metals which severely impact the growth and Cr(VI) reduction potential of microorganisms. This study investigated Cr(VI) reduction under complex haloalkaline conditions by an Alteromonas sp. ORB2 isolated from aerobic granular sludge cultivated from the seawater-microbiome...

Three Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile strains (DC2WT , DC25WT , and LKC2W) were isolated from streams in China. Comparisons based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that these three strains share 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values over 97.0 % with the species of genus Arcicella . There was confusion due to the fact that all species of genera Flectobacillus , Aquirufa , and Sandaracinomonas show 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of over 90.0 % to the above three strains, but the genus Flectobacillus belongs to the family Spirosomataceae and the genera Aquirufa and Sandaracinomonas belong to the family Cytophagaceae ...

Regular exercise positively impacts neurocognitive health, particularly in aging individuals. However, low adherence, particularly among older adults, hinders the adoption of exercise routines. While brain plasticity mechanisms largely support the cognitive benefits of exercise, the link between physiological and behavioral factors influencing exercise adherence remains unclear. This study aimed to explore this association in sedentary middle-aged and older adults. Thirty-one participants underwent an evaluation of cortico-motor plasticity using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to measure changes in motor-evoked potentials following intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS)...

BACKGROUND: Riemerella anatipestifer encodes an iron acquisition system, but whether it encodes the iron efflux pump and its role in antibiotic resistance are largely unknown. OBJECTIVES: To screen and identify an iron efflux gene in R. anatipestifer and determine whether and how the iron efflux gene is involved in antibiotic resistance. METHODS: In this study, gene knockout, streptonigrin susceptibility assay and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry were used to screen for the iron efflux gene ietA...

OBJECTIVE: Assessing rehabilitation effectiveness for persistent symptoms post-infection with emerging viral respiratory diseases. DATA SOURCES: Systematic review of seven databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PEDro, MedRxiv, CNKI, Wanfang) until 30 December 2023. REVIEW METHODS: Evaluated 101 studies (9593 participants) on respiratory function, exercise capacity, and quality of life. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias tool for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for observational studies and non-RCTs, and the NIH Quality Assessment Tools for before-after studies...

INTRODUCTION: An essential process affecting the course of type 1 diabetes (DM1) is the appearance and duration of clinical remission. One of the most important factors promoting the occurrence of remission is physical activity, due to increased activity of antioxidants, reduces insulin resistance and improves glucose transport. Maximal oxygen capacity (VO2 max) is an objective measure of the body's aerobic capacity. To assess VO2 max, oxygen uptake should be measured directly during the exercise test...

INTRODUCTION: The primary treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is modifying lifestyle through dietary or exercise interventions. In recent decades, it has received increasing attention. However, the lack of bibliometric analysis has posed a challenge for researchers seeking to understand the overall trends in this field. METHODS: As of February 3rd, 2024, 876 articles on treating NAFLD through diet or exercise therapy from 2013 to 2023 had been retrieved...

This experiment aimed to assess the effects of ultrasound techniques on the quality of Iranian industrial honey. Honey samples were subjected to ultrasound waves at different frequencies and various parameters. The results showed that both ultrasound treatments (30 or 42 kHz) changed the physical, biochemical, antioxidant, and antibacterial characteristics of honey. Ultrasound treatments at 20 or 45°C for 1, 5, or 10 min reduced moisture, acidity, sugars, ABTS levels, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural content, clostridium, aerobic mesophilic bacteria count, and osmophile count while increasing diastase, phenol, and proline levels...

The aim of this study was to analyze the association between vaginal microbiota, carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) and histological findings of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). The study included 132 females, among them 66 were diagnosed with high-grade intraepithelial lesion (CIN2, CIN3, and cancer), 14 with low-grade disease, and 52 assigned to the control group. An interview focused on the behavior risk factors, together with vaginal fluid pH measurement, wet mount microscopy, detection of Chlamydia trachomatis, and Trichomonas vaginalis were performed...

RATIONAL: Patients experience post-stroke cognitive impairment during aging. To date, no specific treatment solution has been reported for this disorder. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of exercise training and coenzyme Q10 supplementation on middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) induced behavioral impairment, long-term potentiation inhibition and cerebral infarction size in aging rats. METHODS: Fifty aging male rats underwent MCAO surgery and were randomly distributed in to the following groups: 1-Sham, 2- control, 3- Coenzyme Q10, 4- Exercise training and 5- Exercise training with Q10 supplementation (Ex + Q10)...

Depression is common in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but preventive behavioural interventions are lacking. This randomised controlled, pilot phase-IIa trial aimed to study a physical exercise intervention (EI) and bright light therapy (BLT)-both implemented and monitored in an individual, naturalistic setting via a mobile health (m-health) system-for feasibility of trial design and interventions, and to estimate their effects on depressive symptoms in young people with ADHD. Two hundred seven participants aged 14-45 years were randomised to 10-week add-on intervention of either BLT (10,000 lx; daily 30-min sessions) (n = 70), EI (aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities 3 days/ week) (n = 69), or treatment-as-usual (TAU) (n = 68), of whom 165 (80%) were retained (BLT: n = 54; EI: n = 52; TAU: n = 59)...

The myocardium is a highly oxidative tissue in which mitochondria are essential to supply the energy required to maintain pump function. When pathological hypertrophy develops, energy consumption augments and jeopardizes mitochondrial capacity. We explored the cardiac consequences of chronic swimming training, focusing on the mitochondrial network, in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Male adult SHR were randomized to sedentary or trained (T: 8-week swimming protocol). Blood pressure and echocardiograms were recorded, and hearts were removed at the end of the training period to perform molecular, imaging, or isolated mitochondria studies...

Neuronal activity requires a large amount of ATP, leading to a rapid collapse of brain function when aerobic respiration fails. Here, we summarize how rhythmic motor circuits in the brainstem of adult frogs, which normally have high metabolic demands, transform to produce proper output during severe hypoxia associated with emergence from hibernation. We suggest that general principles underlying plasticity in brain bioenergetics may be uncovered by studying non-mammalian models that face extreme environments, yielding new insights to combat neurological disorders involving dysfunctional energy metabolism...

The novel 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) groups immobilized on functional polymers or nanoparticles emerged as potential Pickering interfacial catalysts (PICs) for effective catalysis in biphasic systems. In this study, a snowman-shaped Janus-structured polymer with TEMPO-anchored nanohybrid particles (SM-JPP-TEMPO) was prepared and employed as a potential PIC in the Anelli-Montanari system for the selective oxidation of alcohol. The amphiphilic character of SM-JPP-TEMPO particles plays a dual role as an emulsifier and catalyst in the Pickering emulsion...

The diverse commensal microbiome of the human intestine has been considered to play a central role in depression. However, no host-microbiota co-culture system has been developed for depression, which hinders the controlled study of the interaction between depression and gut microbiota. We designed and manufactured a microfluidic-based gut-on-a-chip model containing the gut microbiota of patients with depression (depression-on-gut-chip, DoGC), which enables the extended co-culture of viable aerobic human intestinal epithelial cells and anaerobic gut microbiota, and allows the direct study of interactions between human gut microbiota and depression...