Lacrimal duct

PUPOSE: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the anatomical features of the nasolacrimal groove in detail by providing a morphological classification based on morphometric evaluations of the nasolacrimal groove. METHODS: A total of 150 sagittal dry bones in the Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University were evaluated. The length and the width at different points of the nasolacrimal canal were calculated. According to the widths of the nasolacrimal canal ten different morphological types were revealed...

PURPOSE: This study aims to investigate the effects of external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) surgery on tear meniscus parameters and assess its relationship with improvements in quality of life (QoL) in patients with nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO). METHODS: This prospective study included 30 patients diagnosed with NLDO who underwent external DCR surgery. Tear meniscus (TM) parameters, including height, depth and area, were measured using anterior segment optical coherence tomography...

Among lacrimal system injuries, canalicular lacerations are at the top of the list. Men are more affected than women, but children are most likely to experience such trauma. The cause depends on the patient's age: in young children, there is a higher prevalence of animal bites (dogs and cats); in young adults, fights predominate, since motor vehicle accidents have become less common; in the elderly, falls are among the most frequent causes. Tetanus vaccination is required in all cases, but assessment for rabies exposure is necessary in the case of dog or cat bites...

PROPOSE: This study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of MR dacryocystography (MRD) and dacryoscintigraphy (DSG) in the diagnosis of acquired epiphora related to NLDO. A total of 15 patients with acquired epiphora and suspected NLDO were included in this study. METHODS: All patients underwent MRD and DSG examinations. MRD was performed using a 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner, while DSG involved injection of a radiotracer into the lacrimal drainage system followed by DSG...

Malignant melanoma of the conjunctiva is a rare tumor of the ocular surface with potential fatal consequences and a high likelihood of recurrence. Although routes for extending the tumor, including local, hematogenous, and lymphatogenous, are pretty straightforward, the indirect extension through free-floating tumoral cells to the nasolacrimal duct is not described thoroughly. We report a case of malignant melanoma of the conjunctiva which presented with local recurrence in the intranasal cavity and lacrimal sac two years after the primary surgery (without involvement of the ocular surface and punctum on the second occasion)...

INTRODUCTION: To our knowledge, there are few examples of intrafamilial variability involving two different TP63 -linked morphopathies within a same family. Here, we describe a Mexican family in which the son had ectrodactyly, ectodermal dysplasia, and cleft lip/palate syndrome 3 (EEC3), and his father acro-dermato-ungual-lacrimal-tooth (ADULT) syndrome, both heterozygous for the p.Arg266Gln pathogenic variant in TP63 . Additionally, we reviewed the clinical information reported for this TP63 genotype...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcomes of endoscopy-assisted modified Weber-Ferguson's approach in the management of primary lacrimal sac tumors with extension into the neighboring tissues. METHODS: A retrospective interventional study was performed on all patients with lacrimal sac tumors treated with the endoscopy-assisted modified Weber-Ferguson approach between January 2010 and June 2022 at the Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, China. Data assessed include demographics, clinical presentations, imaging features, surgical techniques, histopathology, adjuvant modalities of management, complications, and outcomes...

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the incidence of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) in postmenopausal women with primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PANDO) and enables ophthalmologists to pay attention to ocular surface damage before surgery. METHODS: 165 postmenopausal women with PANDO and 115 postmenopausal women with a normal lacrimal drainage system were enrolled in this prospective study. Based on the results of lacrimal duct irrigation and age, the participants were further subdivided...

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: Pleomorphic adenoma is a common epithelial tumor but is unusual to involve the nasolacrimal duct and lacrimal sac. Current reported cases are sparse but may be helpful for delineating patterns of malignant transformation in the future. ABSTRACT: This is a report of a 66-year-old patient with a pleomorphic adenoma involving the nasolacrimal duct and lacrimal sac, which is an unusual location for these tumors. To our knowledge, there are scarce publications in the current literature of similar cases...

PURPOSE: To explore the endoscopic and histopathologic characteristics of the lacrimal sac (LS) and the nasolacrimal duct in cases with punctal agenesis presenting with LS swellings. METHODS: This is a prospective, interventional study of 13 LSs of 8 patients presenting with punctal agenesis and LS swellings over a 5-year study period (June 2018-July 2023). Complete ophthalmic examination was performed along with CT scans of the orbits. The LS was exposed with an anterior lacrimal crest incision and explored...

BACKGROUND Congenital eyelid coloboma in children often faces complications such as keratitis, symblepharon, and amblyopia. Repairing defects involving at least 50% of the eyelid margin can be challenging. Acellular dermal allograft (ADA) has achieved excellent results as a substitute in adult eye plastic surgery, with minimal morbidity. This report describes a case of reconstruction of an eyelid defect in a 7-month-old male infant using an ADA. CASE REPORT A 7-month-old male infant was referred due to congenital eyelid coloboma in the left eye, which affected nearly one-half of the upper and lower eyelids medially, with more than 9 mm of lagophthalmos and lacrimal duct malformation inducing dacryocystitis...

OBJECTIVE: To correlate and evaluate the power and limitations of CT-DCG in determining the level and type of lacrimal duct obstruction in comparison to dacryoendoscopy in patients clinically suspected to be having partial or complete primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PANDO). METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed on 1232 lacrimal drainage systems of 957 patients who suffered from primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PANDO) at Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the association of tear meniscus height (TMH) with clinical outcomes of patients who underwent endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy. METHODS: We recruited 304 patients from two institutes. The TMH was measured using anterior segment optical coherence tomography before surgery. All patients underwent endoscopic DCR with lacrimal intubation stent insertion. The lacrimal stent was removed 2 months after surgery. The TMH was measured at 2 months and 12 months after surgery...

Tumours of the pterygopalatine (PPF) and infratemporal fossa (ITF) are rare tumours and are difficult to access. The lateral cervical approach is hampered by the mandibular angle and the vascular nervous elements.1 The classic endonasal endoscopic medial maxillectomy approach has been developed over the past 2 decades but does not allow good control of the most lateral and inferior part of the ITF.2 The surgical video presents a 68-year-old woman with trigeminal neuralgia. The radiologic workup showed a trigeminal V3 schwannoma (TS) into the PPF and ITF...

BACKGROUND: To report the microbiological isolates, aetiology, complications, antibiotic susceptibilities, and clinical remission of dacryocystitis and canaliculitis in a prominent tertiary ophthalmic teaching and referral hospital located in northern China and to offer appropriate recommendations for preventing and formulating drug treatment strategies. METHODS: This prospective study recruited a total of 477 participants who had been diagnosed with either dacryocystitis or canaliculitis...

Lacrimal canalicular lacerations can be caused by trauma to the ocular adnexa, such as a penetrating or blunt injury. Only a few cases involving the common canaliculus or lacrimal sac have been reported, and only a few reports have described the detailed course of treatment. Here, we report an acute case of common lacrimal canalicular laceration and a case of a previous common canalicular laceration. The acute case was treated with a bicanalicular stent directly inserted into the nasolacrimal duct. The case with a previous common canalicular laceration was treated with external dacryocystorhinostomy combined with monocanalicular stent insertion...

TP63-related disdorders broadly involve varying combinations of ectodermal dysplasia (sparse hair, hypohydrosis, tooth abnormalities, nail dysplasia), cleft lip/palate, acromelic malformation, split-hand/foot malformation/syndactyly, ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum, lacrimal duct obstruction, hypopigmentation, and hypoplastic breasts and/or nipples. TP63-related disorders are associated with heterozygous pathogenic variants in TP63 and include seven overlapping phenotypes; Ankyloblepharon-ectodermal defects-cleft lip/palate syndrome (AEC), Ectrodactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-cleft lip/palate syndrome 3 (EEC3), Limb-mammary syndrome (LMS), Acro-dermo-ungual-lacrimal-tooth syndrome (ADULT), Rapp-Hodgkin syndrome (RHS), Split-hand/foot malformation 4 (SHFM4), and Orofacial cleft 8...

BACKGROUND: Large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) with interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) rearrangement (LBCL-IRF4) is a rare subtype of LBCL, with a high prevalence in Waldeyer's ring as well as the neck, head and gastrointestinal lymph nodes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A patient with 2-month clinical symptoms of nasal obstruction and facial swelling was reported in this short review. A nasal endoscopy examination revealed a neoplasm in the inferior nasal meatus. Both CT and enhanced MRI showed that a soft tissue occupied the nasolacrimal duct, with bone destruction, and extended into the left nasal cavity and left lacrimal gland area...

Xerostomia leads to great challenges for patients and dentists in managing and maintaining oral health due to the high risk of developing dental caries. We discuss a case of a 10-year-old male patient who presented with complaints of decayed teeth and difficulty chewing and swallowing food. He had bilateral congenital stenosis and stricture of lacrimal ducts and a family history of lacrimal gland agenesis and Hashimoto's disease. The diagnosis reached was agenesis of all major salivary glands confirmed by saliva testing and ultrasound examination of the glands...

With increased awareness of dry eye disease (DED), a multitude of therapeutic options have become available. Nevertheless, the treatment of severe DED remains difficult. In a patient whose DED is related to the loss of lacrimal function without severe destruction of the salivary glands, autologous transplantation of the latter as functioning exocrine tissue to rebuild a stable tear film is an attractive idea. All three major and minor salivary glands have been used for such transplantation. Due to the complications associated with and unfavorable prognosis of parotid duct and sublingual gland transplantation, surgeons now prefer to use the submandibular gland (SMG) for such procedures...