Cancer associated thrombosis

Portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) frequently leads to malignant ascites (MA) in individuals with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), remaining a bottleneck in the treatment. This study aimed to explore the differences in microbes in paired groups and provide novel insights into PVTT and MA-related treatments. Formalin-fixed paraffin embedding ascite samples were collected from MA secondary to HCC and benign ascites (BA) secondary to liver cirrhosis (LC). Ascitic microbiota profiles were determined in the HCC and LC groups by 16S rRNA sequencing...

OBJECTIVES: To explore the association between palbociclib and related adverse events (AEs) in the real world through U.S. Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database. METHODS: The signal strength of palbociclib-related AEs was done by disproportionality analysis. Clinical priority of palbociclib-related AEs was scored and ranked by assessing five different features. Serious and non-serious cases were compared by Mann-Whitney U test or Chisquared (χ2 ) test...

PURPOSE: The ABO blood type system is crucial for human blood transfusions. However, the relationships between ABO blood groups and diseases in the digestive system and vein have not been elucidated. We investigated the relationships between ABO blood groups and diseases in the digestive system and vein in this study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective study on a Chinese population, including 1432 Crohn's disease (CD), 416 ulcerative colitis (UC), 1140 stomach cancer (SC), 841 colorectal cancer (CRC), 384 pancreatic cancer (PC), 520 liver cancer (LC), and 563 venous thrombosis (VT) patients, was performed...

BACKGROUND: Contemporary guidelines recommend extended-duration anticoagulation among patients with a first unprovoked venous thromboembolism (VTE). Little is known about whether this recommendation aligns with patient values after a bleeding complication. OBJECTIVES: To explore the experiences, values, and decisional needs of patients with unprovoked VTE related to extended-duration treatment after an anticoagulant-associated bleed. METHODS: In this descriptive, qualitative study, face to face online semistructured interviews were conducted with patients with unprovoked VTE who had experienced bleeding and continued anticoagulant treatment in one academic hospital in Canada...

BACKGROUND: Limited data exist on the prognostic significance of the chronology of VTE in patients with PDAC. METHODS: Medical data and survival characteristics of patients treated for PDAC from 2019 to 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Early VTE was defined as occurring within the three months of PDAC diagnosis. RESULTS: 197 patients were included, 54 (27.4%) developed a VTE. Early appearance of VTE was associated with worse prognosis: median overall survival (mOS) VTE < 3 months 8...

Cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) is an important prognostic factor for an increasing number of cancer patients. Understanding of CAT among cancer care providers has grown in recent years, and guidelines for the prevention and treatment of CAT have been published in Japan and around the world. In this article, we introduce these major guidelines and discuss differences we identified between the Japanese guidelines and those of other countries, with a focus on problems and issues. Insurance coverage of low-molecular-weight heparin and indications for primary prevention with direct oral anticoagulants in particular require urgent consideration...

INTRODUCTION: Malnutrition is associated with increased mortality in patients with head and neck (H&N) cancer. Because albumin levels are used as a surrogate for nutritional status, the purpose of this study is to assess whether malnutrition is associated with adverse postoperative outcomes in H&N free flap reconstruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The 2006-2018 National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database was queried for patients undergoing flap procedures of the H&N based on Current Procedure Terminology codes...

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) and stroke carry significant mortality and morbidity in cancer patients. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have been demonstrated to be effective for the treatment of VTE and prevention of stroke in atrial fibrillation (AF). Bleeding rates are variable and are based on the cancer type and the patient's specific risk factors. There are approved specific antidotes for DOAC-associated bleeding. Other strategies are available for bleeding reversal, including the use of prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC)...

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BACKGROUND: Deep vein thrombosis is a common complication after surgery, particularly in cancer patients, ‎necessitating efficient diagnostic methods for timely intervention. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the potential of combining C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) tests in diagnosing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) following endometrial cancer surgery. METHODS: A cohort of 60 patients who developed DVT post-endometrial cancer surgery and were admitted to the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University between March 2018 and March 2022 constituted the DVT group...

AIM: Based on three randomised controlled trials performed more than a decade ago, several national guidelines recommend prolonged venous thromboprophylaxis for 28 days following elective surgery for colon cancer. None of these studies were conducted within enhanced recovery after surgery setting. Newer studies indicate that prolonged prophylaxis might not be necessary with enhanced recovery after surgery. We aimed to provide further evidence to this unresolved discussion. METHOD: Retrospective study of patients undergoing elective surgery for colon cancer stage I-III with enhanced recovery after surgery in the Capital Region of Denmark from 2014 to 2017...

INTRODUCTION: Mucins released from epithelial tumors have been proposed to play a role in cancer-associated thrombosis. Mucin1 (MUC1) is a transmembrane mucin that is overexpressed in a variety of human malignancies, including breast and pancreatic cancer. We analyzed the association of MUC1 and venous thrombosis in a mouse tumor model and in patients with cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used a human pancreatic cancer cell line HPAF-II that expresses a high level of MUC1...

<b/>Isolated distal deep vein thrombosis (DVT) represents up to 50% of all lower limb DVT in ultrasound series and is a frequent medical condition, which management is not well established. Data arising from registries and non-randomized studies suggest that most distal DVTs do not extend to the proximal veins and have an uneventful follow-up when left untreated. This data had some impact on international recommendations like the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP), whose last version stated that ultrasound surveillance might be an option for selected low-risk patients...

Nilotinib, a second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor for the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), inhibits Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase activity and proliferation of Bcr-Abl-expressing cells, as well as other malignancies. In the present study, new nilotinib analogues were synthesized and fully characterized. A platelet aggregation assay was performed, and the expression of P-selectin and PAC-1, as well as the effect on the proliferation of healthy endothelial cells, were evaluated. The expression and antimetastatic effects of E-cadherin and N-cadherin were assessed...

Cancer is a known risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE). The wider adoption of immunotherapy and anti-angiogenic drugs in recent years have increased this risk further. Central venous catheters (CVCs) are widely used access devices utilized to deliver infusion therapy, mostly in ambulatory settings. The endothelial injury associated with the use of these catheters adds to the risk of VTE to already high-risk patients. The introduction of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), with its proven efficacy and safety in multiple clinical indications, have renewed the attention to VTE prophylaxis in cancer patients with CVC...

PURPOSE: Cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE) management guideline recommendations include continued therapeutic anticoagulation while active cancer persists. The Federal Drug Administration label for apixaban for secondary VTE prevention includes a dose reduction to 2.5 mg twice daily after 6 months of treatment. The study purpose was to determine whether this dose reduction is advisable for cancer-associated VTE. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A randomized, double-blind trial compared apixaban 2...

The correlation between cancer and venous thromboembolism (VTE) is solid, whereas the knowledge about cancer-related arterial thromboembolism (ATE) still needs a deeper investigation to clarify its pathogenesis. We describe two cases that represent useful hints for a comprehensive review of the thrombotic issue. A 75-year-old man with advanced rectal cancer treated with fluoropyrimidines suffered two catheter-related VTE events managed according to current guidelines. There was no indication for "extended" anticoagulant therapy for him, but during antithrombotic wash-out and fluoropyrimidines plus panitumumab regimen, he suffered a massive right coronary artery (RCA) thrombosis...

Background  International guidelines are increasingly recommending direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) as the first-line treatment for cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT). However, data regarding treatment patterns and adherence to guidelines in patients with CAT are scarce. Objectives  This study aimed to explore anticoagulant treatment patterns in patients with CAT and to calculate the incidence rates of bleeding events. Methods  Patients ≥18 years with active cancer and a first-time venous thromboembolism between 2005 and 2020 were identified through the Venous T hrombosis R egistry in Østf OL d Hospita L ...

AIM: Ileorectal anastomosis (IRA) following total abdominal colectomy (TAC) allows for resortation of bowel continuity but prior studies have reported rates of anastomotic leak (AL) to be as high as 23%. We aimed to report rates of AL and complications in a large cohort of patients undergoing IRA. We hypothesized that AL rates were lower than previously reported and that selective use of diverting loop ileostomy (DLI) is associated with decreased AL rates. METHOD: Patients undergoing TAC or end-ileostomy reversal with IRA, with or without DLI, between 1980 and 2021 were identified from a prospectively maintained institutional database and retrospectively analysed...

INTRODUCTION: Thirdhand smoke (THS) is associated with many public health and disease concerns, such as respiratory illness, cancer, lipidemia, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We have previously shown a moderate to long-term exposure to THS increased risk of thrombosis. However, whether short-term exposure to THS would produce any effects in causing disease remains to be discovered. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of one-month THS exposure on platelet function and cytokine response in sex-dependent...