medular syndromes

Spinal cord ischaemia leading to paraplegia or paraparesis is one of the most devastating complications of aortic surgery. The risk of ischaemia is particularly high in repairs involving both the thoracic and abdominal segments, because in these cases blood flow to the spinal arteries can be interrupted. Multimodal protocols have now been developed to reduce the incidence of this complication, and include measures such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage, avoidance of hypotension and anaemia, systemic hypothermia, neuromonitoring, maintaining distal perfusion during proximal clamping of the aorta, and reimplantation of intercostal or lumbar arteries, whenever feasible...

BACKGROUND: Central Cord Syndrome is the most common incomplete spinal cord injury, and it represents 9% of all spinal injuries of the adult. OBJECTIVE: to determine the risk factors associated with lethality or/and mechanical ventilation (MV) in patients with Central Cord Syndrome (CCS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: upon a retrospective cohort with patients with posttraumatic CCS we evaluated at the time of emergency admission and until the hospital discharge...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Familial non-medullary thyroid cancer is defined as the presence of non-medullary thyroid cancer in two or more first-degree relatives, in the absence of other predisposing factors. It represents up to 9% of differentiated thyroid cancers, and only a minority appears in well-known hereditary syndromes that associate thyroid cancer among many other clinical manifestations. However, in more than 95% of cases, thyroid cancer appears isolated, and its genetic causes have yet to be elucidated. We review here the current knowledge of the genetic basis of this pathology, as well as its clinical characteristics...

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) consists of the application of electrical stimuli to the dorsal columns of the spinal cord or to the posterior nerve roots in order to modulate the pain signals carried by the ascending pain pathways to the brain. Two cases of SCS in patients with cauda equina syndrome after lumbar surgery are presented. They were treated for persistent neuropathic pain but also experienced improvement in their motor and urinary symptoms after this treatment. Although the primary indication for SCS is neuropathic pain control, its application can also lead to improvement of motor deficits, sensory disorders, and urinary incontinence, as shown in these two cases...

INTRODUCTION: Bone marrow failure (BMF) syndromes are rare disorders with an annual incidence of 2-4 cases per million. Treatment options include immunosuppressive therapy (IST) and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). OBJECTIVE: To analyze the outcomes of pediatric patients diagnosed with BMF treated in a tertiary care center. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Retrospective study of pediatric patients diagnosed with BMF who consulted at Fundación Valle de Lili, Cali...

Familial non-medullary thyroid cancer is defined as the presence of non-medullary thyroid cancer in two or more first-degree relatives, in the absence of other predisposing factors. It represents up to 9% of differentiated thyroid cancers, and only a minority appears in well-known hereditary syndromes that associate thyroid cancer among many other clinical manifestations. However, in more than 95% of cases, thyroid cancer appears isolated, and its genetic causes have yet to be elucidated. We review here the current knowledge of the genetic basis of this pathology, as well as its clinical characteristics...

The morphology of peritubular capillary has been mostly studied in relation to chronic transplant rejection, where an association has been found between transplant glomerulopathy and reduplication of peritubular capillary basement membranes (PCBM). This electron microscopy study of peritubular capillaries was done on kidney biopsies performed on patients with conditions involving primarily glomeruli (diabetic glomerulopathy (23), Alport syndrome (37)) or causing more or less isolated changes of nephron structures outside the glomeruli (Balkan endemic nephropathy (15) and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (19))...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Maculopathy occurring in young patients is a challenge in differential diagnosis. Besides hereditary macular dystrophies and acquired macular degenerations, rare systemic disorders should be considered. CASE REPORT: A 36 year old female patient complained about a gradually decrease of visual acuity in both eyes and an increasing exotropia of her right eye. Visual acuity was 0.7, the orthoptical status revealed an intermittent exophoria with exclusion of the right eye...

A 32 year old man was admitted for dyspnea, hemoptysis, macroscopic hematuria, hypertension (140/100), peripheral edema and hemodynamic decompensation. Lung Xrays revealed pulmonary edema and a cavity in the left apex. Laboratory determinations revealed an altered renal function with increased creatinine and urea levels and nephrotic syndrome. There was leucocyturia, hematuria and cylindruria. The sputum showed a large number of acid-fast bacilli. The patient began anti-tuberculosis treatment with three drugs (isoniacid, rifampicin, pirazinamide)...

The authors studied 8 patients (4 males and 4 females) with Cushing's syndrome due to ectopic ACTH secretion. Chronological age ranged from 15 to 45 years and duration of the disease ranged from 3 to 48 months. All patients presented typical signs of Cushing's syndrome, blood hypertension, and four of them had hyperpigmentation of the skin. Five patients had fasting hyperglycemia and all patients but one had serum hypokalemia (serum K = 2.2 to 3.9mEq/l). The circadian rhythm of cortisol was absent in all patients and basal cortisol levels were elevated in all patients but one...

At the present article, 12 cases of paraplegia secondary to the surgical treatment of thoracoabdominal aneurysms are presented. Study includes patients admitted between 1973-1987 for treatment and rehabilitation of its medular injury. Factors of risk, surgical technics practiced, peroperative complications and type of medular injury are analyzed. The most common medular injury was an anterior medular syndrome (rather than 60%). In the same way, preventive methods are analyzed and somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) and motor evoked potentials (MEP), both in developing phase at the present moment, are recommended as the most viable method for detecting changes during the surgical procedure...