keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37798474/liver-endothelial-cells-in-nafld-and-transition-to-nash-and-hcc
#21
REVIEW
Rallia-Iliana Velliou, Aigli-Ioanna Legaki, Polyxeni Nikolakopoulou, Nikolaos I Vlachogiannis, Antonios Chatzigeorgiou
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered as the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, which is characterised by obesity, insulin resistance, hypercholesterolemia and hypertension. NAFLD is the most frequent liver disease worldwide and more than 10% of NAFLD patients progress to the inflammatory and fibrotic stage of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which can lead to end-stage liver disease including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most frequent primary malignant liver tumor. Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) are strategically positioned at the interface between blood and hepatic parenchyma...
October 5, 2023: Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences: CMLS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37781281/microanatomical-findings-with-relevance-to-trigeminal-ganglion-enhancement-on-post-contrast-t1-weighted-magnetic-resonance-images-in-dogs
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Koen M Santifort, Eric N Glass, Marti Pumarola, Vicente Aige Gil
INTRODUCTION: Trigeminal ganglion contrast enhancement (TGCE) is reported to be a normal and a common finding on magnetic resonance imaging studies of dogs, cats and humans. The intent of the present study was to describe the anatomical characteristics of the trigeminal ganglion, its surrounding structures, and histological features that are relevant to explain or hypothesize on the reason for TGCE on T1-weighted post-contrast MRI studies of the brain in dogs. METHODS: Eight dog cadavers were dissected to study the anatomy of the trigeminal ganglion...
2023: Frontiers in Veterinary Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37697275/automated-item-generation-impact-of-item-variants-on-performance-and-standard-setting
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
R Westacott, K Badger, D Kluth, M Gurnell, M W R Reed, A H Sam
BACKGROUND: Automated Item Generation (AIG) uses computer software to create multiple items from a single question model. There is currently a lack of data looking at whether item variants to a single question result in differences in student performance or human-derived standard setting. The purpose of this study was to use 50 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) as models to create four distinct tests which would be standard set and given to final year UK medical students, and then to compare the performance and standard setting data for each...
September 11, 2023: BMC Medical Education
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37663936/incidence-and-prevalence-of-gastric-neuroendocrine-tumors-in-patients-with-chronic-atrophic-autoimmune-gastritis
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sara Massironi, Camilla Gallo, Alessandra Elvevi, Marta Stegagnini, Lorenzo Andrea Coltro, Pietro Invernizzi
BACKGROUND: The incidence of type I gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms (gNENs) has increased significantly over the past 50 years. Although autoimmune gastritis (AIG) increases the likelihood of developing gNENs, the exact incidence and prevalence of this association remain unclear. AIM: To evaluate the incidence and prevalence of type I gNENs in a cohort of patients with a histological diagnosis of AIG. METHODS: Patients with a histological diagnosis of AIG were enrolled between October 2020 and May 2022...
August 15, 2023: World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37607652/treatment-with-igg-fc-fragments-bearing-regrf-epitopes-prevents-destruction-of-the-gastric-mucosa-in-experimental-autoimmune-gastritis-model
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Liubov Beduleva, Alexandr Sidorov, Alexey Terentiev, Pavel Ivanov, Igor Menshikov
Autoimmune gastritis (AIG) is the autoimmune disease of the stomach characterized by the destruction of the oxyntic mucosa, which stops producing acid and becomes both functionally and morphologically atrophic. There is no specific treatment for AIG. Previously, we identified a new immunoregulatory factor (regulatory rheumatoid factor (regRF)), the stimulation production of which reduces certain experimental autoimmune diseases. Epitopes specific to the regulatory rheumatoid factor (regRF epitopes) can be obtained on IgG Fc fragments...
August 20, 2023: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37598725/implementation-of-the-updated-sydney-system-biopsy-protocol-improves-the-diagnostic-yield-of-gastric-preneoplastic-conditions-results-from-a-real-world-study
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gonzalo Latorre, José Ignacio Vargas, Shailja C Shah, Danisa Ivanovic-Zuvic, Pablo Achurra, Martín Fritzsche, Jai-Sen Leung, Bernardita Ramos, Elisa Jensen, Javier Uribe, Isabella Montero, Vicente Gandara, Camila Robles, Miguel Bustamante, Felipe Silva, Eitan Dukes, Oscar Corsi, Francisca Martínez, Victoria Binder, Roberto Candia, Robinson González, Alberto Espino, Carlos Agüero, Allan Sharp, Javiera Torres, Juan Carlos Roa, Margarita Pizarro, Alejandro H Corvalan, Charles S Rabkin, M Constanza Camargo, Arnoldo Riquelme
BACKGROUND: The updated Sydney system biopsy protocol (USSBP) standardizes the sampling of gastric biopsies for the detection of preneoplastic conditions (e.g., gastric intestinal metaplasia [GIM]), but the real-world diagnostic yield is not well-described. AIM: To determine whether regular application of USSBP is associated with higher detection of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), GIM and autoimmune gastritis (AIG). METHODS: We performed a real-world retrospective study at an academic urban tertiary hospital in Chile...
August 19, 2023: Gastroenterología y Hepatología
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37564637/immunotherapies-in-musk-positive-myasthenia-gravis-an-igg4-antibody-mediated-disease
#27
REVIEW
Aigli G Vakrakou, Eleni Karachaliou, Elisabeth Chroni, Vasiliki Zouvelou, Dimitrios Tzanetakos, Stavroula Salakou, Marianna Papadopoulou, Socrates Tzartos, Konstantinos Voumvourakis, Constantinos Kilidireas, Sotirios Giannopoulos, Georgios Tsivgoulis, John Tzartos
Muscle-specific kinase (MuSK) Myasthenia Gravis (MG) represents a prototypical antibody-mediated disease characterized by predominantly focal muscle weakness (neck, facial, and bulbar muscles) and fatigability. The pathogenic antibodies mostly belong to the immunoglobulin subclass (Ig)G4, a feature which attributes them their specific properties and pathogenic profile. On the other hand, acetylcholine receptor (AChR) MG, the most prevalent form of MG, is characterized by immunoglobulin (Ig)G1 and IgG3 antibodies to the AChR...
2023: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37534856/thinking-about-the-next-generation-the-case-for-a-mentalization-informed-approach-to-perinatal-and-intergenerational-mental-health
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Angus MacBeth, Hope Christie, Lisa Golds, Francisca Morales, Aigli Raouna, Vilas Sawrikar, Karri Gillespie-Smith
BACKGROUND: There has been substantial progress made across multiple disciplines to emphasize the importance of perinatal mental health both for parents and offspring. This focuses on what has been termed the 'First 1000 Days' from conception to the child's second birthday. We argue that our understanding of this issue can go further to create an intergenerational approach to mental health. Despite the existence of theoretical frameworks and practical approaches to implementation, there are gaps in the understanding of perinatal and intergenerational mental health including which psychological mechanisms are implicated in the transmission of risk and resilience within the perinatal period; and how to leverage these into treatment approaches...
August 3, 2023: Psychology and Psychotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37511778/the-occurrence-of-gluten-related-antibodies-sensitization-to-selected-food-allergens-and-antibodies-against-intrinsic-factor-in-adult-patients-with-diarrhea-predominant-irritable-bowel-syndrome
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joanna B Bierła, Bożena Cukrowska, Barbara Skrzydło-Radomańska, Beata Prozorow-Król, Anetta Kurzeja-Mirosław, Halina Cichoż-Lach, Katarzyna Laskowska, Agnieszka Sowińska, Emilia Majsiak
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder. Due to the possible overlap of IBS clinical symptoms with gluten-related diseases, food allergies, and autoimmune gastritis (AIG), the aim of this study was to present the frequency of anti-tissue transglutaminase 2 (TTG2) autoantibodies, anti-deamidated gluten peptide (DGP) antibodies, specific immunoglobulin E antibodies (sIgE) to selected food allergens, and anti-intrinsic factor (IF) autoantibodies in adult patients with diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D)...
July 20, 2023: Journal of Personalized Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37511582/effects-of-the-overexpression-of-progesterone-receptors-on-a-precancer-p53-and-rb-defective-human-fallopian-tube-epithelial-cell-line
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yu-Hsun Chang, Kun-Chi Wu, Kai-Hung Wang, Dah-Ching Ding
This study investigated the effects of progesterone receptors A (PRA) and B (PRB) on proliferation, migration, invasion, anchorage-independent growth (AIG), and apoptosis of FE25 cells, a precancer p53- and retinoblastoma-defective human fallopian tube epithelial cell line. We observed that the transfection of PRA (FE25-PRA) or PRB (FE25-PRB) into FE25 cells significantly increased the expression of PRA or PRB at both RNA and protein levels without affecting cell morphology. The FE25-PRA cells exhibited slower proliferation, whereas FE25-PRB showed faster cell proliferation than the control cells...
July 23, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37507704/autoimmune-gastritis-as-an-unexpected-cause-of-diarrhea-in-a-young-adult-with-type-i-diabetes-a-case-report
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Taylor M Meyers, Patrick T Reeves, Jamie L Lombardo, Sarah K Anisowicz, Noelle S Larson, Philip L Rogers
BACKGROUND: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a lifelong diagnosis that involves immune-mediated damage of pancreatic beta cells and subsequent hyperglycemia, manifesting as: polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, and weight loss. Treatment of type 1 diabetes centers on insulin administration to replace or supplement the body's own insulin with the goal of achieving euglycemia and preventing or minimizing complications. Patients with T1DM are at risk for developing other autoimmune conditions, most commonly thyroid or celiac disease...
July 29, 2023: Journal of Medical Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37463435/a-randomized-controlled-trial-comparing-the-total-enteroscopy-rate-and-diagnostic-efficacy-of-novel-motorized-spiral-enteroscopy-and-single-balloon-enteroscopy-in-patients-with-small-bowel-disorders-the-motor-trial-nct-05548140
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hardik Rughwani, Aniruddha Pratap Singh, Mohan Ramchandani, Nitin Jagtap, Partha Pal, Pradev Inavolu, P Manohar Reddy, Wladyslaw Januszewicz, Anuradha Sekaran, Zaheer Nabi, Rajendra Patel, Sundeep Lakhtakia, Rupa Banerjee, Sana Fathima Memon, Putta Balram, Santosh Darishetty, Guduru Venkat Rao, D Nageshwar Reddy
INTRODUCTION: Device-assisted enteroscopy has revolutionized the management of small-bowel disorders (SBD). No study to date has compared both novel motorized spiral enteroscopy (NMSE) and single-balloon enteroscopy (SBE) as a randomized controlled trial. Hence, this study was planned to include patients having SBD with the primary aim to compare the total enteroscopy rate (TER). METHODS: This study was conducted at the Asian Institute of Gastroenterology (AIG Hospitals), Hyderabad, India, from September 20, 2022, to December 15, 2022...
October 1, 2023: American Journal of Gastroenterology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37398891/paradoxical-association-between-dyspepsia-and-autoimmune-chronic-atrophic-gastritis-insights-into-mechanisms-pathophysiology-and-treatment-options
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Roberta Elisa Rossi, Alessandra Elvevi, Valentina Sciola, Francesco Vito Mandarino, Silvio Danese, Pietro Invernizzi, Sara Massironi
BACKGROUND: Autoimmune gastritis (AIG) is a progressive, chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory disease characterized by the destruction of gastric parietal cells leading to hypo/anacidity and loss of intrinsic factor. Gastrointestinal symptoms such as dyspepsia and early satiety are very common, being second in terms of frequency only to anemia, which is the most typical feature of AIG. AIM: To address both well-established and more innovative information and knowledge about this challenging disorder...
June 21, 2023: World Journal of Gastroenterology: WJG
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37381010/scenarios-of-maternal-mortality-reduction-by-2030-in-the-americas-insights-from-its-tempo
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Antonio Sanhueza, Oscar J Mujica, Patricia N Soliz, Adrienne L Cox, Bremen de Mucio
BACKGROUND: The enduring threat of maternal mortality to health worldwide and in the Americas has been recognized in the global and regional agendas and their targets to 2030. To inform the direction and amount of effort needed to meet those targets, a set of equity-sensitive regional scenarios of maternal mortality ratio (MMR) reduction based on its tempo or speed of change from baseline year 2015 was developed. METHODS: Regional scenarios by 2030 were defined according to: i) the MMR average annual rate of reduction (AARR) needed to meet the global (70 per 100,000) or regional (30 per 100,000) targets and, ii) the horizontal (proportional) or vertical (progressive) equity criterion applied to the cross-country AARR distribution (i...
June 28, 2023: International Journal for Equity in Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37370950/cerebrospinal-fluid-anti-neuronal-autoantibodies-in-covid-19-associated-limbic-encephalitis-with-acute-cerebellar-ataxia-and-myoclonus-syndrome-case-report-and-literature-review
#35
Konstantina Yiannopoulou, Aigli G Vakrakou, Aikaterini Anastasiou, Georgia Nikolopoulou, Athina Sourdi, John S Tzartos, Constantinos Kilidireas, Antonios Dimitrakopoulos
Since the outbreak of coronavirus (COVID-19) in 2019, various rare movement disorders and cognitive changes have been recognized as potential neurological complications. The early treatment of some of these allows rapid recovery; therefore, we must diagnose these manifestations in a timely way. We describe the case of a 76-year-old man infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 who presented with confusion and hallucinations and was admitted to our hospital 14 days after the onset of symptoms...
June 14, 2023: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37361662/histopathologic-diagnosis-of-ultra-early-autoimmune-gastritis-a-case-report
#36
Shuichi Terao, Shiho Suzuki, Ryoji Kushima
We describe an ultra-early stage of autoimmune gastritis (AIG) that occurs prior to the well-known early-stage AIG. The key pathology is the shortening of the second layer with degenerated parietal cells. In the management of patients with autoimmune diseases, AIG should be considered even if the endoscopy findings are normal.
June 2023: Clinical Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37355655/coherent-heteroepitaxial-growth-of-i-iii-vi-2-ag-in-ga-s-2-colloidal-nanocrystals-with-near-unity-quantum-yield-for-use-in-luminescent-solar-concentrators
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hak June Lee, Seongbin Im, Dongju Jung, Kyuri Kim, Jong Ah Chae, Jaemin Lim, Jeong Woo Park, Doyoon Shin, Kookheon Char, Byeong Guk Jeong, Ji-Sang Park, Euyheon Hwang, Doh C Lee, Young-Shin Park, Hyung-Jun Song, Jun Hyuk Chang, Wan Ki Bae
Colloidal Ag(In,Ga)S2 nanocrystals (AIGS NCs) with the band gap tunability by their size and composition within visible range have garnered surging interest. High absorption cross-section and narrow emission linewidth of AIGS NCs make them ideally suited to address the challenges of Cd-free NCs in wide-ranging photonic applications. However, AIGS NCs have shown relatively underwhelming photoluminescence quantum yield (PL QY) to date, primarily because coherent heteroepitaxy has not been realized. Here, we report the heteroepitaxy for AIGS-AgGaS2 (AIGS-AGS) core-shell NCs bearing near-unity PL QYs in almost full visible range (460 to 620 nm) and enhanced photochemical stability...
June 24, 2023: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37326976/meva-x-a-hybrid-multi-objective-evolutionary-tool-using-an-xgboost-classifier-for-biomarkers-discovery-on-biomedical-datasets
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos, Aigli Korfiati, Konstantinos Theofilatos, Peter Hurwitz, Marco A Deriu, Seferina Mavroudi
MOTIVATION: Biomarker discovery is one of the most frequent pursuits in bioinformatics and is crucial for precision medicine, disease prognosis, and drug discovery. A common challenge of biomarker discovery applications is the low ratio of samples over features for the selection of a reliable not-redundant subset of features, but despite the development of efficient tree-based classification methods, such as the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), this limitation is still relevant. Moreover, existing approaches for optimizing XGBoost do not deal effectively with the class imbalance nature of the biomarker discovery problems, and the presence of multiple conflicting objectives, since they focus on the training of a single-objective model...
June 16, 2023: Bioinformatics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37311519/clinicopathological-characteristics-of-autoimmune-gastritis-a-single-center-retrospective-study
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xu Wang, Chun-Jing Lu, Hua Li, Jin-Yan Zhang, Jian-Wei Zheng, Na Wu, Wei-Lin Yang, Juan Yu, Wei-Feng Huang
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Autoimmune gastritis (AIG) is a prominent risk factor for pernicious anemia (PA) and gastric neoplasia. This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of AIG patients in China, with a focus on those who had positive anti-intrinsic factor antibodies (AIFA). METHODS: A total of 103 AIG patients who were diagnosed between January 2018 and August 2022 were reviewed in a large academic tertiary teaching hospital. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of AIFA, and their serologic and histopathological characteristics were analyzed...
June 11, 2023: Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37174990/atrophic-gastritis-and-autoimmunity-results-from-a-prospective-multicenter-study
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Malgorzata Osmola, Caroline Hemont, Nicolas Chapelle, Marie-Anne Vibet, David Tougeron, Driffa Moussata, Dominique Lamarque, Edith Bigot-Corbel, Damien Masson, Justine Blin, Maxime Leroy, Regis Josien, Jean-François Mosnier, Jérôme Martin, Tamara Matysiak-Budnik
Despite a global decrease, gastric cancer (GC) incidence appears to be increasing recently in young, particularly female, patients. The causal mechanism for this "new" type of GC is unknown, but a role for autoimmunity is suggested. A cascade of gastric precancerous lesions, beginning with chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), precedes GC. To test the possible existence of autoimmunity in patients with CAG, we aimed to analyze the prevalence of several autoantibodies in patients with CAG as compared to control patients...
April 30, 2023: Diagnostics
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