keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37826946/postnatal-skeletal-muscle-myogenesis-governed-by-signal-transduction-networks-mapks-and-pi3k-akt-control-multiple-steps
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takeshi Endo
Skeletal muscle myogenesis represents one of the most intensively and extensively examined systems of cell differentiation, tissue formation, and regeneration. Muscle regeneration provides an in vivo model system of postnatal myogenesis. It comprises multiple steps including muscle stem cell (or satellite cell) quiescence, activation, migration, myogenic determination, myoblast proliferation, myocyte differentiation, myofiber maturation, and hypertrophy. A variety of extracellular signaling and subsequent intracellular signal transduction pathways or networks govern the individual steps of postnatal myogenesis...
November 19, 2023: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37742872/hexavalent-chromium-inhibits-myogenic-differentiation-and-induces-myotube-atrophy
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sun Young Park, Shan Liu, Edgar Perez Carbajal, Michael Wosczyna, Max Costa, Hong Sun
Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is extensively used in many industrial processes. Previous studies reported that Cr(VI) exposures during early embryonic development reduced body weight with musculoskeletal malformations in rodents while exposures in adult mice increased serum creatine kinase activity, a marker of muscle damage. However, the impacts of Cr(VI) on muscle differentiation remain largely unknown. Here, we report that acute exposures to Cr(VI) in mouse C2C12 myoblasts inhibit myogenic differentiation in a dose-dependent manner...
September 22, 2023: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37650323/conditional-tissue-specific-crispr-cas9-vector-system-in-zebrafish-reveals-the-role-of-nrp1b-in-heart-regeneration
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ramcharan Singh Angom, Ying Wang, Enfeng Wang, Shamit Kumar Dutta, Debabrata Mukhopadhyay
BACKGROUND: CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat-associated 9) technology-mediated genome editing has significantly improved the targeted inactivation of genes in vitro and in vivo in many organisms. Neuropilins play crucial roles in zebrafish heart regeneration, heart failure in mice, and electrical remodeling after myocardial infarction in rats. But the cell-specific functions of nrp1 have not been described before...
October 2023: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37602409/improved-cardiac-function-in-postischemic-rats-using-an-optimized-cardiac-reprogramming-cocktail-delivered-in-a-single-novel-adeno-associated-virus
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Huanyu Zhou, Jin Yang, Chetan Srinath, Aliya Zeng, Iris Wu, Elena C Leon, Tawny Neal Qureshi, Christopher A Reid, Emily R Nettesheim, Emma Xu, Zoe Duclos, Tamer M A Mohamed, Farshad Farshidfar, Anthony Fejes, Jun Liu, Samantha Jones, Charles Feathers, Tae Won Chung, Frank Jing, William S Prince, JianMin Lin, Pengzhi Yu, Deepak Srivastava, Timothy Hoey, Kathryn N Ivey, Laura M Lombardi
BACKGROUND: Cardiac reprogramming is a technique to directly convert nonmyocytes into myocardial cells using genes or small molecules. This intervention provides functional benefit to the rodent heart when delivered at the time of myocardial infarction or activated transgenically up to 4 weeks after myocardial infarction. Yet, several hurdles have prevented the advancement of cardiac reprogramming for clinical use. METHODS: Through a combination of screening and rational design, we identified a cardiac reprogramming cocktail that can be encoded in a single adeno-associated virus...
August 21, 2023: Circulation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37569674/new-insights-into-the-reparative-angiogenesis-after-myocardial-infarction
#25
REVIEW
Marta Martín-Bórnez, Débora Falcón, Rosario Morrugares, Geraldine Siegfried, Abdel-Majid Khatib, Juan A Rosado, Isabel Galeano-Otero, Tarik Smani
Myocardial infarction (MI) causes massive loss of cardiac myocytes and injury to the coronary microcirculation, overwhelming the limited capacity of cardiac regeneration. Cardiac repair after MI is finely organized by complex series of procedures involving a robust angiogenic response that begins in the peri-infarcted border area of the infarcted heart, concluding with fibroblast proliferation and scar formation. Efficient neovascularization after MI limits hypertrophied myocytes and scar extent by the reduction in collagen deposition and sustains the improvement in cardiac function...
August 1, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37553612/a-stromal-lineage-maintains-crypt-structure-and-villus-homeostasis-in-the-intestinal-stem-cell-niche
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jinnan Xiang, Jigang Guo, Shaoyang Zhang, Hongguang Wu, Ye-Guang Chen, Junping Wang, Baojie Li, Huijuan Liu
BACKGROUND: The nutrient-absorbing villi of small intestines are renewed and repaired by intestinal stem cells (ISCs), which reside in a well-organized crypt structure. Genetic studies have shown that Wnt molecules secreted by telocytes, Gli1+ stromal cells, and epithelial cells are required for ISC proliferation and villus homeostasis. Intestinal stromal cells are heterogeneous and single-cell profiling has divided them into telocytes/subepithelial myofibroblasts, myocytes, pericytes, trophocytes, and Pdgfralow stromal cells...
August 8, 2023: BMC Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37514146/pigment-epithelium-derived-factor-inhibition-of-phosphorylation-of-insulin-receptor-ir-ir-substrate-irs-osteogeneration-from-adipocytes-and-increased-levels-due-to-doxorubicin-exposure
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Isobel C Jones, Revathy Carnagarin, Jo Armstrong, Daphne P L Lin, Mia Baxter-Holland, Mina Elahy, Crispin R Dass
OBJECTIVES: Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) has been recently linked to insulin resistance and is capable of differentiating myocytes to bone. We examined in more detail the intricate signalling of the insulin pathway influenced by PEDF in skeletal myocytes. We tested whether this serpin is also capable of generating de novo bone from adipocytes in vitro and in vivo, and how the anticancer drug doxorubicin links with PEDF and cellular metabolism. METHODS AND KEY FINDINGS: We demonstrate that PEDF can inhibit phosphorylation of insulin receptor (IR) and insulin receptor substrate (IRS) in skeletal myocytes...
July 15, 2023: Pharmaceutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37481215/glucocorticoid-receptor-antagonism-and-cardiomyocyte-regeneration-following-myocardial-infarction-a-systematic-review
#28
REVIEW
Yashendra Sethi, Inderbir Padda, Sneha Annie Sebastian, Amarveer Malhi, Gurnaaz Malhi, Matthew Fulton, Nimrat Khehra, Arun Mahtani, Mayur Parmar, Gurpreet Johal
Myocardial regeneration has been a topic of interest in literature and research in recent years. An evolving approach reported is glucocorticoid (GC) receptor antagonism and its role in the regeneration of cardiomyocytes. The authors of this study aim to explore the reported literature on GC receptor antagonism and its effects on cardiomyocyte remodeling, hypertrophy, scar formation, and ongoing cardiomyocyte death following cardiac injury. This article overviews cellular biology, mechanisms of action, clinical implications, challenges, and future considerations...
December 2023: Current Problems in Cardiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37467112/the-effects-of-growth-hormone-on-nerve-regeneration-and-alloimmunity-in-vascularized-composite-allotransplantation
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jennifer Rath, Xianyu Zhou, Erica B Lee, Philip Hanwright, Neha Amin, Nicholas von Guionneau, Sai Pinni, Keti Kambarashvili, Thomas G W Harris, Sarah Beck, W P Andrew Lee, Gerald Brandacher, Sami Tuffaha
BACKGROUND: Poor outcomes in functional recovery following upper extremity transplantation are largely due to denervation-induced muscle atrophy that occurs during the prolonged period of nerve regeneration. Growth hormone (GH) has well-established trophic effects on neurons, myocytes, and Schwann cells and represents a promising therapeutic approach to address this challenge. This study sought to confirm the positive effects of GH treatment on nerve regeneration and functional recovery and to evaluate the effects of GH treatment on the immune response in the setting of vascularized composite allotransplantation...
July 18, 2023: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37445602/microvascular-skeletal-muscle-crosstalk-in-health-and-disease
#30
REVIEW
Gerald J Pepe, Eugene D Albrecht
As an organ system, skeletal muscle is essential for the generation of energy that underpins muscle contraction, plays a critical role in controlling energy balance and insulin-dependent glucose homeostasis, as well as vascular well-being, and regenerates following injury. To achieve homeostasis, there is requirement for "cross-talk" between the myogenic and vascular components and their regulatory factors that comprise skeletal muscle. Accordingly, this review will describe the following: [a] the embryonic cell-signaling events important in establishing vascular and myogenic cell-lineage, the cross-talk between endothelial cells (EC) and myogenic precursors underpinning the development of muscle, its vasculature and the satellite-stem-cell (SC) pool, and the EC-SC cross-talk that maintains SC quiescence and localizes ECs to SCs and angio-myogenesis postnatally; [b] the vascular-myocyte cross-talk and the actions of insulin on vasodilation and capillary surface area important for the uptake of glucose/insulin by myofibers and vascular homeostasis, the microvascular-myocyte dysfunction that characterizes the development of insulin resistance, diabetes and hypertension, and the actions of estrogen on muscle vasodilation and growth in adults; [c] the role of estrogen in utero on the development of fetal skeletal-muscle microvascularization and myofiber hypertrophy required for metabolic/vascular homeostasis after birth; [d] the EC-SC interactions that underpin myofiber vascular regeneration post-injury; and [e] the role of the skeletal-muscle vasculature in Duchenne muscular dystrophy...
June 21, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37371041/cardiomyocyte-ploidy-metabolic-reprogramming-and-heart-repair
#31
REVIEW
Andrea Elia, Sadia Mohsin, Mohsin Khan
The adult heart is made up of cardiomyocytes (CMs) that maintain pump function but are unable to divide and form new myocytes in response to myocardial injury. In contrast, the developmental cardiac tissue is made up of proliferative CMs that regenerate injured myocardium. In mammals , CMs during development are diploid and mononucleated. In response to cardiac maturation, CMs undergo polyploidization and binucleation associated with CM functional changes. The transition from mononucleation to binucleation coincides with unique metabolic changes and shift in energy generation...
June 7, 2023: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37284884/myofiber-baf60c-controls-muscle-regeneration-by-modulating-dkk3-mediated-paracrine-signaling
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jingya Xu, Xiaofei Li, Wei Chen, Ziyin Zhang, Yanping Zhou, Yahui Gou, Cheng-An Lv, Lu Jin, Xinyuan Qiu, Shengshan Ma, Qing-Qian Wu, Tongyu Liu, Lin Mi, Zhuoying Yang, Ting Yu, Xiaowen Pan, Yu Feng, Pengfei Shan, Zhuo-Xian Meng
Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are the leading causes of the progressive decline in muscle regeneration and fitness in adults. The muscle microenvironment is known to play a key role in controlling muscle stem cell regenerative capacity, yet the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, we found that Baf60c expression in skeletal muscle is significantly downregulated in obese and T2D mice and humans. Myofiber-specific ablation of Baf60c in mice impairs muscle regeneration and contraction, accompanied by a robust upregulation of Dkk3, a muscle-enriched secreted protein...
September 4, 2023: Journal of Experimental Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37258941/duchenne-muscular-dystrophy-pathogenesis-and-promising-therapies
#33
REVIEW
Mengyuan Chang, Yong Cai, Zihui Gao, Xin Chen, Boya Liu, Cheng Zhang, Weiran Yu, Qianqian Cao, Yuntian Shen, Xinlei Yao, Xiaoyang Chen, Hualin Sun
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe, progressive, muscle-wasting disease, characterized by progressive deterioration of skeletal muscle that causes rapid loss of mobility. The failure in respiratory and cardiac muscles is the underlying cause of premature death in most patients with DMD. Mutations in the gene encoding dystrophin result in dystrophin deficiency, which is the underlying pathogenesis of DMD. Dystrophin-deficient myocytes are dysfunctional and vulnerable to injury, triggering a series of subsequent pathological changes...
August 2023: Journal of Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37251734/significance-of-mechanical-loading-in-bone-fracture-healing-bone-regeneration-and-vascularization
#34
REVIEW
Qianli Ma, Zahra Miri, Håvard Jostein Haugen, Amirhossein Moghanian, Dagnjia Loca
In 1892, J.L. Wolff proposed that bone could respond to mechanical and biophysical stimuli as a dynamic organ. This theory presents a unique opportunity for investigations on bone and its potential to aid in tissue repair. Routine activities such as exercise or machinery application can exert mechanical loads on bone. Previous research has demonstrated that mechanical loading can affect the differentiation and development of mesenchymal tissue. However, the extent to which mechanical stimulation can help repair or generate bone tissue and the related mechanisms remain unclear...
2023: Journal of Tissue Engineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37240504/cells-and-materials-for-cardiac-repair-and-regeneration
#35
REVIEW
Reem Saud Alhejailan, Gloria Garoffolo, Vineesh Vimala Raveendran, Maurizio Pesce
After more than 20 years following the introduction of regenerative medicine to address the problem of cardiac diseases, still questions arise as to the best cell types and materials to use to obtain effective clinical translation. Now that it is definitively clear that the heart does not have a consistent reservoir of stem cells that could give rise to new myocytes, and that there are cells that could contribute, at most, with their pro-angiogenic or immunomodulatory potential, there is fierce debate on what will emerge as the winning strategy...
May 10, 2023: Journal of Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37215564/inactivating-il34-promotes-regenerating-muscle-stem-cell-expansion-and-attenuates-duchenne-muscular-dystrophy-in-mouse-models
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yang Su, Yuxin Cao, Chang Liu, Qing Xu, Na Li, Miaomiao Lan, Lei Li, Kun Wang, Zeyu Zhang, Qingyong Meng
Background: The balance between the differentiation and self-renewal of satellite cells (SCs) is essential for skeletal muscle homeostasis and regeneration. Our knowledge of this regulatory process is incomplete. Methods: Using global and conditional knockout mice as in vivo models and isolated satellite cells as in vitro system, we investigated the regulatory mechanisms of IL34 in the process of skeletal muscle regeneration in vivo and in vitro. Results: Myocytes and regenerating fibers are major source of IL34...
2023: Theranostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37209006/spsb1-mediated-inhibition-of-tgf-%C3%AE-receptor-ii-impairs-myogenesis-in-inflammation
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yi Li, Niklas Dörmann, Björn Brinschwitz, Melanie Kny, Elisa Martin, Kirsten Bartels, Ning Li, Priyanka Voori Giri, Stefan Schwanz, Michael Boschmann, Susanne Hille, Britta Fielitz, Tobias Wollersheim, Julius Grunow, Stephan B Felix, Steffen Weber-Carstens, Friedrich C Luft, Oliver J Müller, Jens Fielitz
BACKGROUND: Sepsis-induced intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICUAW) features profound muscle atrophy and attenuated muscle regeneration related to malfunctioning satellite cells. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is involved in both processes. We uncovered an increased expression of the TGF-β receptor II (TβRII)-inhibitor SPRY domain-containing and SOCS-box protein 1 (SPSB1) in skeletal muscle of septic mice. We hypothesized that SPSB1-mediated inhibition of TβRII signalling impairs myogenic differentiation in response to inflammation...
May 20, 2023: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37203102/can-montelukast-sodium-be-an-alternative-treatment-in-the-treatment-of-interstitial-cystitis
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
O C Gunizi, A Kol, H Gunizi
BACKGROUND: The leukotriene D4 receptors have been detected in human bladder detrusor myocytes, and they can play the role of interstitial cystitis etiology. AIM: Our study aims to explain the role of mast cells histologically and immunohistochemically in the pathogenesis and the effectiveness of montelukast that leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist in the treatment of interstitial cystitis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Twenty-four Wistar albino adult female rats were used...
April 2023: Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37190075/direct-reprogramming-of-resident-non-myocyte-cells-and-its-potential-for-in-vivo-cardiac-regeneration
#39
REVIEW
Sadia Perveen, Roberto Vanni, Marco Lo Iacono, Raffaella Rastaldo, Claudia Giachino
Cardiac diseases are the foremost cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The heart has limited regenerative potential; therefore, lost cardiac tissue cannot be replenished after cardiac injury. Conventional therapies are unable to restore functional cardiac tissue. In recent decades, much attention has been paid to regenerative medicine to overcome this issue. Direct reprogramming is a promising therapeutic approach in regenerative cardiac medicine that has the potential to provide in situ cardiac regeneration...
April 15, 2023: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37158107/polycomb-group-protein-cbx7-represses-cardiomyocyte-proliferation-through-modulation-of-the-tardbp-rbm38-axis
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kyu-Won Cho, Mark Andrade, Seongho Bae, Sangsung Kim, Jin Eyun Kim, Er Yearn Jang, Sangho Lee, Ahsan Husain, Roy L Sutliff, John W Calvert, Changwon Park, Young-Sup Yoon
BACKGROUND: Shortly after birth, cardiomyocytes exit the cell cycle and cease proliferation. At present, the regulatory mechanisms for this loss of proliferative capacity are poorly understood. CBX7 (chromobox 7), a polycomb group (PcG) protein, regulates the cell cycle, but its role in cardiomyocyte proliferation is unknown. METHODS: We profiled CBX7 expression in the mouse hearts through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry...
June 13, 2023: Circulation
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