x ray.multiple trauma.

In the field of biodosimetry, the current accepted method for evaluating radiation dose fails to meet the need of rapid, large-scale screening, and most RNA marker-related studies of biodosimetry are concentrating on a single type of ray, while some other potential factors, such as trauma and burns, have not been covered. Microarray datasets that contain the data of human peripheral blood samples exposed to X-ray, neutron, and γ-ray radiation were obtained from the GEO database. Totally, 33 multi-type ray co-induced genes were obtained at first from the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and key genes identified by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and these genes were mainly enriched in DNA damage, cellular apoptosis, and p53 signaling pathway...

BACKGROUND: Mandibular split fractures, in which the fracture occurs exclusively in the posterior wall, are uncommon. This study aimed to enhance clinicians' understanding of mandibular split fractures and offer insights for future research. METHODS: This study included six patients who visited our hospital between January 2020 and June 2023 and were diagnosed with mandibular split fractures. We retrospectively collected data from patients' medical records on their age, sex, symptoms, mechanism, impact site, associated injuries, and treatment method, as well as the location, pattern, and number of fractures observed on computed tomography (CT) and panoramic images...

Osteosclerotic metaphyseal dysplasia (OSMD) is a very rare autosomal-recessive disease caused by mutations in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 1 (LRRK1) gene. It is a sclerosing skeletal dysplasia characterized by osteosclerosis of the long bones, predominantly at the metaphyses and vertebrae. Phenotypic features can be short stature, pathological fractures, delayed development, and hypotonia, but they are not uniformly present, and relatively few cases are known from the literature. A 40-year-old man was seen at our bone center because of nonspontaneous multiple peripheral low-energy trauma fractures since puberty...

BACKGROUND: After combat-related lower extremity amputations, patients rapidly lose bone mineral density (BMD). As serial dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans are rarely performed in this setting, it is difficult to determine the timeline for bone loss and recovery or the role of interventions. However, a strong correlation has been demonstrated between DXA BMD and computed tomography (CT) signal attenuation. We sought to leverage multiple CT scans obtained after trauma to develop a predictive model for BMD after combat-related lower extremity amputations...

INTRODUCTION: Pelvic radiographs are commonly used for the investigation of a variety of conditions. Comparison between examinations requires a consistent radiographic technique but variations in image quality and radiographic centring points are frequently reported in the literature. The aim of this study was to establish the amount of variation in the radiographic centring point (RCP) and pelvic axial rotation (PAR), with a secondary aim of reporting the reliability of such measures...

Background: In patients with perilunate injuries (PLI) with multiple ligamentous and bony injuries involving the proximal carpal row, open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) can be difficult and lead to poor functional outcomes. Proximal row carpectomy (PRC) is an alternative procedure that has been used for severely comminuted fractures. The aim of our study is to evaluate the long-term functional outcome (minimum 5 years) of patients that underwent an emergency PRC for PLI. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of patients who underwent PRC at our centre between 2001 and 2016...

PURPOSE: There are numerous operative procedures to treat osteoarthritic changes or a significant instability of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). The key problem of most methods is the destabilization of the forearm leading to secondary painful impingement between the radius and ulna, as well as a significant limitation of forearm rotation. The Aptis-Prosthesis designed by Scheker represents a complete substitute for the DRUJ. It is mostly used after the failure of various treatment options to solve the primary problems (arthritis, instability)...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Trauma patients often suffer from multiple injuries and require undergoing various radiography which is referred to as multifield radiographic examinations. Protective measures may be ignored for these examinations due to stressful emergency situations or patients' conditions. This study was conducted to evaluate the scattered doses received by the pelvis during different common multifield radiographic examinations with an emphasis on field size adjustment. METHODS: A whole-body phantom, PBU-50, resembling the body mass, was used to carry out the common examinations for trauma patients (extremities, skull, chest, abdomen, pelvis, femur, and lumbar radiography), using a Pars Pad X-ray machine...

BACKGROUND: Signet-ring cell adenocarcinoma of the colon is well-recognized in adult patients who are extremely rare and not well-documented in children. Our study aims to raise awareness about this rare disease and its long-term outcomes. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated patients with signet-ring cell colon adenocarcinoma. RESULTS: Six patients, three boys and three girls, with a mean age of 14.83 (range, 13-17 years), presented with signs of intesti-nal obstruction and were diagnosed with signet-ring cell colon adenocarcinoma...

This article describes the technical principles and clinical applications of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) in the context of cardiothoracic imaging with a focus on current developments and techniques. Since the introduction of DECT, different vendors developed distinct hard and software approaches for generating multi-energy datasets and multiple DECT applications that were developed and clinically investigated for different fields of interest. Benefits for various clinical settings, such as oncology, trauma and emergency radiology, as well as musculoskeletal and cardiovascular imaging, were recently reported in the literature...

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: It is important to consider foot and ankle tuberculosis (TB) as a potential cause of cystic lesion around the ankle, especially in patients with a history of TB. Early diagnosis and treatment with a rifampin-based regimen for a duration of 12 months can lead to good functional and clinical outcomes. ABSTRACT: Skeletal TB is an uncommon accounting for 10% of extra-pulmonary TB may present slowly over an extended period of time, making a diagnosis difficult and time-consuming (Microbiology Spectr...

Tuberculosis, histoplasmosis, various fungal infections, malignancy, and sarcoidosis are the most common causes of chronic or slowly progressing mediastinitis. Chronic mediastinitis of tubercular origin with subcutaneous emphysema is exceptionally uncommon, and the majority of cases are caused by trauma. Here we report the case of a 35-year-old chronic alcoholic male who presented to the Outpatient Department (OPD) with complaints of cough, chest pain, loss of weight, and intermittent low-grade fever for three months with no significant past medical history or family history for any respiratory diseases...

INTRODUCTION: Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) with osteomyelitis is the devastating condition, which is a challenge to surgeons in saving the limb of the patient and in many circumstances ends up with amputation, which leaves physical and psychosocial trauma for both the patient and patient's family. PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 48-year-old female patient with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes presented with swelling and gangrenous deep circular ulcer of size approx. 3 × 4 cm on plantar aspect of great toe of her left foot with involvement of first webspace from last three months...

OBJECTIVE: Our study aimed to elucidate the computed tomography (CT) features and follow-up course of pulmonary nocardiosis patients to improve the understanding and diagnostic accuracy of this disease. METHODS: The chest CT findings and clinical data of patients diagnosed with pulmonary nocardiosis by culture or histopathological examination in our hospital between 2010 and 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 34 cases of pulmonary nocardiosis were included in our study...

This study aimed to analyze the relationship between fracture type by determining data on the geometry of the proximal femur in the pre-fracture period in patients over 65 years of age who had hip fractures as a result of low-energy trauma. A total of 127 patients who were admitted to the hospital for reasons other than hip pathology within 1 year before the occurrence of hip fracture and who had an anterior-posterior pelvic X-ray were included in the study. Measurements were made to evaluate the proximal femur geometry, neck shaft angle, central edge angle, femoral head diameter, femoral neck diameter, femoral neck length, femoral offset length, femoral neck axial length, hip axis length, and femoral shaft diameter...

Tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP) is an enzyme that is tethered to the cell membrane by glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) and converts inorganic pyrophosphate to inorganic phosphate. Inorganic phosphate combines with calcium to form hydroxyapatite, the main mineral in the skeleton. When TNSALP is defective, conversion of inorganic pyrophosphate to inorganic phosphate is impaired and the skeleton is at risk of under-mineralization. Phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis class N (PIGN) is one of more than 20 genes in the GPI-biosynthesis family...

The hypoglossal nerve is the 12th cranial nerve, exiting the brainstem in the preolivary sulcus, passing through the premedullary cistern, and exiting the skull through the hypoglossal canal. This is a purely motor nerve, responsible for the innervation of all the intrinsic tongue muscles (superior longitudinal muscle, inferior longitudinal muscle, transverse muscle, and vertical muscle), 3 extrinsic tongue muscles (styloglossus, hyoglossus, and genioglossus), and the geniohyoid muscle. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the best imaging exam to evaluate patients with clinical signs of hypoglossal nerve palsy, and computed tomography may have a complementary role in the evaluation of bone lesions affecting the hypoglossal canal...

INTRODUCTION: Nailing of the proximal humerus is an established method for the treatment of proximal humerus fractures. Choice of the correct length for potentially four proximal locking screws is essential for postoperative outcome. Due to positioning of the patient, intraoperative determination of the correct length of the anteroposterior (AP) screw with the x-ray beam is particularly challenging even for experienced surgeons. We hypothesized that there would be a correlation between the projected lengths of the different proximal locking screws and therefore the length of the AP-screw could be determined based on the three lateromedial (LM) screws...

Traumatic injuries can be severe and complex, requiring the coordinated efforts of a multidisciplinary team. Imaging tests play a fundamental role in rapid and accurate diagnosis. In particular, whole-body computed tomography (CT) has become a key tool. There are different CT protocols depending on the patient's condition; whereas dose-optimized protocols can be used in stable patients, time/precision protocols prioritizing speed at the cost of delivering higher doses of radiation should be used in more severe patients...

INTRODUCTION: Tube thoracostomy is a common procedure for which competency is expected of all trauma providers, both surgical and nonsurgical. Although surgery residents have fewer complications than other resident specialties, complications relating to position and insertion are reported. We hypothesized the use of our novel chest tube placement device will improve chest tube placement efficiency while maintaining accuracy compared to the open Kelly clamp technique across multiple specialties...