keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514370/pathways-and-mechanisms-of-cd4-cd8%C3%AE-%C3%AE-intraepithelial-t-cell-development
#1
REVIEW
Can Li, Dominic Lanasa, Jung-Hyun Park
The mammalian small intestine epithelium harbors a peculiar population of CD4+ CD8αα+ T cells that are derived from mature CD4+ T cells through reprogramming of lineage-specific transcription factors. CD4+ CD8αα+ T cells occupy a unique niche in T cell biology because they exhibit mixed phenotypes and functional characteristics of both CD4+ helper and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells. The molecular pathways driving their generation are not fully mapped. However, recent studies demonstrate the unique role of the commensal gut microbiota as well as distinct cytokine and chemokine requirements in the differentiation and survival of these cells...
March 20, 2024: Trends in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38455042/natural-intraepithelial-lymphocyte-populations-rise-during-necrotic-enteritis-in-chickens
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shuja Majeed, Shaimaa K Hamad, Bikas R Shah, Lisa Bielke, Ali Nazmi
Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) reside in the epithelium at the interface between the contents of the intestinal lumen and the sterile environment of the lamina propria. Because of this strategic location, IEL play a crucial role in various immunological processes, ranging from pathogen control to tissue stability. In mice and humans, IEL exhibit high diversity, categorized into induced IEL (conventional CD4 and CD8αβ T cells) and natural IEL (TCRαβCD8αα, TCRγδ, and TCRneg IEL)...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38444636/luminol-conjugated-cyclodextrin-biological-nanoparticles-for-the-treatment-of-severe-burn-induced-intestinal-barrier-disruption
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yajun Song, Yang Li, Wengang Hu, Feng Li, Hao Sheng, Chibing Huang, Xin Gou, Jingming Hou, Ji Zheng, Ya Xiao
BACKGROUND: The breakdown of intestinal barrier integrity occurs after severe burn injury and is responsible for the subsequent reactions of inflammation and oxidative stress. A new protective strategy for the intestinal barrier is urgently needed due to the limitations of the traditional methods. Recently, the application of nanoparticles has become one of the promising therapies for many inflammation-related diseases or oxidative damage. Herein, we developed a new anti-inflammatory and antioxidant nanoparticle named luminol-conjugated cyclodextrin (LCD) and aimed to evaluate its protective effects in severe burn-induced intestinal injury...
2024: Burns and Trauma
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38340986/intraepithelial-lymphocytes-promote-intestinal-regeneration-through-cd160-hvem-signaling
#4
REVIEW
Jiaoyan Huang, Xin Zhang, Hongkai Xu, Liuhui Fu, Yuke Liu, Jie Zhao, Jida Huang, Zuodong Song, Mingzhao Zhu, Yang-Xin Fu, Ye-Guang Chen, Xiaohuan Guo
Chemotherapy and radiotherapy frequently lead to intestinal damage. The mechanisms governing the repair or regeneration of intestinal damage are still not fully elucidated. Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) are the primary immune cells residing in the intestinal epithelial layer. However, whether IELs are involved in intestinal epithelial injury repair remains unclear. Here, we found that IELs rapidly infiltrated the intestinal crypt region and are crucial for the recovery of the intestinal epithelium post-chemotherapy...
February 8, 2024: Mucosal Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38339023/interplay-between-microbiota-and-%C3%AE-%C3%AE-t-cells-insights-into-immune-homeostasis-and-neuro-immune-interactions
#5
REVIEW
Alaa A Mohamed, Basel K Al-Ramadi, Maria J Fernandez-Cabezudo
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract of multicellular organisms, especially mammals, harbors a symbiotic commensal microbiota with diverse microorganisms including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and other microbial and eukaryotic species. This microbiota exerts an important role on intestinal function and contributes to host health. The microbiota, while benefiting from a nourishing environment, is involved in the development, metabolism and immunity of the host, contributing to the maintenance of homeostasis in the GI tract...
February 1, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38335269/bcl6-is-required-for-the-thymic-development-of-tcr%C3%AE-%C3%AE-cd8%C3%AE-%C3%AE-intraepithelial-lymphocyte-lineage
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qi Xing, Dehui Chang, Shiyuan Xie, Xiaohong Zhao, Hao Zhang, Xiaohu Wang, Xue Bai, Chen Dong
TCRαβ+ CD8αα+ intraepithelial lymphocytes (CD8αα+ αβ IELs) are a specialized subset of T cells in the gut epithelium that develop from thymic agonist selected IEL precursors (IELps). The molecular mechanisms underlying the selection and differentiation of this T cell type in the thymus are largely unknown. Here, we found that Bcl6 deficiency in αβ T cells resulted in the near absence of CD8αα+ αβ IELs. BCL6 was expressed by approximately 50% of CD8αα+ αβ IELs and by the majority of thymic PD1+ IELps after agonist selection...
September 2, 2024: Science Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38327516/single-cell-analysis-revealed-that-two-distinct-unique-cd4-t-cell-subsets-were-increased-in-the-small-intestinal-intraepithelial-lymphocytes-of-aged-mice
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuki Yonemoto, Yasuhiro Nemoto, Ryo Morikawa, Nana Shibayama, Shigeru Oshima, Takashi Nagaishi, Tomohiro Mizutani, Go Ito, Satoru Fujii, Ryuichi Okamoto
Recent advances in research suggest that aging has a controllable chronic inflammatory disease aspect. Aging systemic T cells, which secrete pro-inflammatory factors, affect surrounding somatic cells, and accelerate the aging process through chronic inflammation, have attracted attention as potential therapeutic targets in aging. On the other hand, there are few reports on the aging of the intestinal immune system, which differs from the systemic immune system in many ways. In the current study, we investigated the age-related changes in the intestinal immune system, particularly in T cells...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38302880/extracellular-cirp-induces-cd4cd8%C3%AE-%C3%AE-intraepithelial-lymphocyte-cytotoxicity-in-sepsis
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuichi Akama, Atsushi Murao, Monowar Aziz, Ping Wang
BACKGROUND: In sepsis, intestinal barrier dysfunction is often caused by the uncontrolled death of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). CD4CD8αα intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs), a subtype of CD4+ T cells residing within the intestinal epithelium, exert cytotoxicity by producing granzyme B (GrB) and perforin (Prf). Extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (eCIRP) is a recently identified alarmin which stimulates TLR4 on immune cells to induce proinflammatory responses...
February 1, 2024: Molecular Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38277691/intraepithelial-lymphocytes-of-the-intestine
#9
REVIEW
Ainsley Lockhart, Daniel Mucida, Angelina M Bilate
The intestinal epithelium, which segregates the highly stimulatory lumen from the underlying tissue, harbors one of the largest lymphocyte populations in the body, intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs). IELs must balance tolerance, resistance, and tissue protection to maintain epithelial homeostasis and barrier integrity. This review discusses the ontogeny, environmental imprinting, T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire, and function of intestinal IELs. Despite distinct developmental pathways, IEL subsets share core traits including an epithelium-adapted profile, innate-like properties, cytotoxic potential, and limited TCR diversity...
January 26, 2024: Annual Review of Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38243324/activation-of-mucosal-insulin-receptor-exacerbates-intestinal-inflammation-by-promoting-tissue-resident-memory-t-cells-differentiation-through-ezh2
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Teming Li, Ben Han, Liucan Wang, Lihua Sun, Yujiao Cai, Min Yu, Weidong Xiao, Hua Yang
BACKGROUND: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD), an autoimmune disease characterised by abnormal intestinal immunity, are related to vital morbidity around the world. However, therapeutic agents for IBD have not achieved desired benefit. Exploring new therapeutic targets for IBD, especially based on its abnormally intestinal immunity, could alleviate the flare-up and worsening of IBD. Tissue resident memory T cells (TRM) are core of multiple autoimmune diseases, including IBD. However, the mechanism of TRM differentiation remains to be investigated...
January 19, 2024: Journal of Translational Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38220818/a-new-species-of-the-genus-calchaenesthes-kraatz-1863-coleoptera-cerambycidae-from-cyprus
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maxim Lazarev
The new species is similar to Calchaenesthes primis zdikmen, 2013 (Figs. 3-4) described from south Anatolia (Iel province) and was often mixed with it (Ambrus, Grosser & Hrbek, 2014; zdikmen & Cihan, 2018; Danilevsky, 2020). Recently I received a good series of Calchaenesthes from Cyprus, and see several important characters, which distinguish the island population. It is described below as a new species.
November 22, 2023: Zootaxa
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38181094/a-dynamic-atlas-of-immunocyte-migration-from-the-gut
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Silvia Galván-Peña, Yangyang Zhu, Bola S Hanna, Diane Mathis, Christophe Benoist
Dysbiosis in the gut microbiota affects several systemic diseases, possibly by driving the migration of perturbed intestinal immunocytes to extraintestinal tissues. Combining Kaede photoconvertible mice and single-cell genomics, we generated a detailed map of migratory trajectories from the colon, at baseline, and in several models of intestinal and extraintestinal inflammation. All lineages emigrated from the colon in an S1P-dependent manner. B lymphocytes represented the largest contingent, with the unexpected circulation of nonexperienced follicular B cells, which carried a gut-imprinted transcriptomic signature...
January 5, 2024: Science Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38160439/clinicopathologic-characterization-of-lymphocytic-colitis-in-the-pediatric-population
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Iván A González, Maire Conrad, Sarah Weinbrom, Trusha Patel, Judith R Kelsen, Pierre Russo
BACKGROUND: Lymphocytic colitis (LC) in the pediatric population has been associated with immune dysregulation. METHODS: Single-center retrospective study of pediatric LC. RESULTS: 50 patients (35 female, 70%) with a median age of 12 years at diagnosis (interquartile range: 5.7-15.8) of LC were identified. At presentation, 11 patients (22%) had malnutrition, 16 (32%) had a known underlying immune dysregulation, 4 (8%) had celiac disease (CD), and none had a diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease...
December 31, 2023: Pediatric and Developmental Pathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38138044/modulation-of-zebrafish-danio-rerio-intestinal-mucosal-barrier-function-fed-different-postbiotics-and-a-probiotic-from-lactobacilli
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mark Rawling, Marion Schiavone, Amélie Mugnier, Eric Leclercq, Daniel Merrifield, Andrew Foey, Emmanuelle Apper
It is generally accepted that microbes play a critical role in maintaining gut barrier function, making them ideal to target in order to mitigate the effects of intestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease with specialist supplementations such as probiotic or postbiotic preparations. In this study, specific strains of Lactobacillus helvictus both live and inactivated and Lactobacillus plantarum inactivated were fed to zebrafish at an inclusion level of 6 × 106 cells/g in order to assess the effects on gut barrier function and protection...
November 30, 2023: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38128746/clinical-anatomy-of-the-lateral-antebrachial-cutaneous-nerve-is-there-any-safe-zone-for-interventional-approach
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anhelina Khadanovich, Michal Benes, Radek Kaiser, Tomas Herma, David Kachlik
INTRODUCTION: The lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve (LACN) is a somatosensory nerve coursing in the lateral portion of the forearm. The nerve is located in a close proximity to the cephalic vein (CV) all along its course with a danger of being injured during venipuncture. The LACN also overlaps and communicates with the superficial branch of the radial nerve (SBRN) in the distal forearm and hand, making the awareness of their relationship of great importance in the treatment of neuroma...
December 19, 2023: Annals of Anatomy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38127067/commensal-bacteria-maintain-a-qa-1-b-restricted-unconventional-cd8-t-population-in-gut-epithelium
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jian Guan, J David Peske, Michael Manoharan Valerio, Chansu Park, Ellen A Robey, Scheherazade Sadegh-Nasseri
Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) are characterized by an unusual phenotype and developmental pathway, yet their specific ligands and functions remain largely unknown. Here by analysis of QFL T cells, a population of CD8+ T cells critical for monitoring the MHC I antigen processing pathway, we established that unconventional Qa-1b -restricted CD8+ T cells are abundant in intestinal epithelium. We found that QFL T cells showed a Qa-1b -dependent unconventional phenotype in the spleen and small intestine of naïve wild-type mice...
December 21, 2023: ELife
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38116576/itgb2-is-a-central-hub-gene-associated-with-inflammation-and-early-fibro-atheroma-development-in-a-swine-model-of-atherosclerosis
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hadjer Namous, Maria Giuseppina Strillacci, Camila Urbano Braz, Dhanu Shanmuganayagam, Christian Krueger, Athanasios Peppas, William C Soffregen, Jess Reed, Juan F Granada, Hasan Khatib
BACKGROUND AND AIM: The complex dynamic interplay between different biological pathways involved in atherosclerosis development has rendered the identification of specific therapeutic targets a challenging quest. We aimed to identify specific genes and mechanistic pathways associated with the early development of fibro-atheromas in a swine model of atherosclerosis. METHODS: The Wisconsin Miniature Swine™ model of Familial Hypercholesterolemia (WMS-FH, n = 11) and genetically related WMS controls (WMS-N, n = 11) were used...
December 2023: Atheroscler Plus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38054720/val43-residue-of-nsrr-is-crucial-for-the-nitric-oxide-response-of-salmonella-typhimurium
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hee Jeong Park, Hye Won Jeong, Choa Lee, Mi Rae Lee, Hojung Choi, Eungseok Kim, Iel Soo Bang
The precise regulation of flavohemoglobin Hmp expression by NsrR is critical for bacterial fitness, as excessive Hmp expression in the absence of NO can disturb bacterial redox homeostasis. While the molecular structure of Streptomyces coelicolor NsrR has been recently identified, the specific molecular structures of NsrR proteins in enterobacteria remain unknown. Our discovery of the crucial role of Val43 in the DNA recognition helix α3 of Salmonella NsrR offers valuable insights into the Hmp modulation under NO stress...
December 6, 2023: Microbiology Spectrum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38052207/dietary-environmental-factors-shape-the-immune-defense-against-cryptosporidium-infection
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Muralidhara Rao Maradana, N Bishara Marzook, Oscar E Diaz, Tapoka Mkandawire, Nicola Laura Diny, Ying Li, Anke Liebert, Kathleen Shah, Mauro Tolaini, Martin Kváč, Brigitta Stockinger, Adam Sateriale
Cryptosporidium is a leading cause of diarrheal-related deaths in children, especially in resource-poor settings. It also targets the immunocompromised, chronically infecting people living with HIV and primary immunodeficiencies. There is no vaccine or effective treatment. Although it is known from human cases and animal models that CD4+ T cells play a role in curbing Cryptosporidium, the role of CD8+ T cells remains to be defined. Using a Cryptosporidium tyzzeri mouse model, we show that gut-resident CD8+ intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) confer resistance to parasite growth...
November 28, 2023: Cell Host & Microbe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38049581/the-transcription-factor-aiolos-restrains-the-activation-of-intestinal-intraepithelial-lymphocytes
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kentaro Yomogida, Tihana Trsan, Raki Sudan, Patrick F Rodrigues, Alina Ulezko Antonova, Harshad Ingle, Blanda Di Luccia, Patrick L Collins, Marina Cella, Susan Gilfillan, Megan T Baldridge, Eugene M Oltz, Marco Colonna
Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) exhibit prompt innate-like responses to microenvironmental cues and require strict control of effector functions. Here we showed that Aiolos, an Ikaros zinc-finger family member encoded by Ikzf3, acted as a regulator of IEL activation. Ikzf3-/- CD8αα+ IELs had elevated expression of NK receptors, cytotoxic enzymes, cytokines and chemokines. Single-cell RNA sequencing of Ikzf3-/- and Ikzf3+/+ IELs showed an amplified effector machinery in Ikzf3-/- CD8αα+ IELs compared to Ikzf3+/+ counterparts...
January 2024: Nature Immunology
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