evaluation of translucency of cad cam materials

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Subsurface scattering from translucent material would affect the digital scans. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of translucency of ceramic restorative materials and scanning aid conditions on the accuracy of intraoral scans. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Identical anatomic contour crowns with ten ceramic restorative materials were fabricated: five zirconia, three lithium disilicate glass-ceramic, and two leucite reinforced glass-ceramic. The models with ceramic crowns were digitized with an intraoral scanner (IOS) and analyzed for accuracy (n = 10) with and without a scanning aid...

PURPOSE: To assess and compare the impact of various computers aided design/manufacturing (CAD/CAM) materials on internal and marginal discrepancies, fracture resistance and failure probability of Endocrown restorations with 3D Finite Element analysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty devitalized human maxillary first molars were collected. After endodontic treatment, they classified into 4 groups (n = 10) based on the materials used for endocrown fabrication...

The effect of annual at-home bleaching on the color, translucency, and whiteness properties of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) monolithic materials requires investigation. The aim of the present in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of simulated annual at-home bleaching (consisting of daily applications for 10 hours a day for 14 days), for up to 3 years, on susceptibility to staining (ΔE00), translucency (ΔTP00), and whiteness (ΔWID) variations and on topography of CAD-CAM monolithic materials...

This study investigates the influence of acid exposure and thermocycling simulating erosion tooth wear, on the optical properties and surface roughness of chairside materials. Resin-ceramic, lithium disilicate, premium zirconium oxide and resin composite material comprise the materials tested. To simulate the dental erosion and aging, specimens from each material were immersed in hydrochloric acid, while the thermocycling procedure included 10,000 cycles. The translucency, the color differences and the surface roughness were calculated...

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate staining layer behavior applied to high-translucency zirconia (YZHT), feldspathic ceramics (FD), and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS) surfaces against different antagonists. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Monolithic ceramic discs (n = 120) (ø 12 mm; thickness, 1.2 mm; ISO 6872) were obtained, 30 from YZHT and FD, and 60 from ZLS CAD/CAM blocks (staining layer applied before or after the crystallization procedure)...

This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the final shade of translucent zirconia laminate veneers with varying thicknesses over teeth with different shades. Seventy-five chairside computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) shade A1 third-generation zirconia dental veneers, with thicknesses of 0.50 mm, 0.75 mm, and 1.00 mm, were placed on resin composite teeth with shades ranging from A1 to A4. The laminate veneers were divided into groups based on thickness and background shade. All restorations were evaluated with a color imaging spectrophotometer, to map the veneer surface from A1 to D4...

Introduction Nowadays, cosmetic demands are the first reason to visit dental clinic. However, most ceramic prostheses need an excessive removal of the dental structure, whether for full crowns or veneer preparation. With the innovation in ceramic materials, high translucent zirconia that demands minimal preparation with high aesthetic results was used for computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) Full ceramic crown fabrication. The objective of this study was to compare the translucency properties of CAD/CAM full ceramic crowns fabricated from glass ceramics (E...

PURPOSE: This in vitro study evaluated the color differences when discolored tooth substrates were restored with CAD-CAM monolithic ceramics depending on ceramic type and thickness, and the try-in paste shade. METHODS: Six ceramic types were tested: high-translucent lithium disilicate (LD-HT); medium-translucent lithium disilicate (LD-MT); low-translucent lithium disilicate (LD-LT); low-translucent leucite (LC-LT); feldspathic ceramic (FC); BL1 low-translucent lithium disilicate, stained to A1 shade (LD-BL1-LT)...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of material type, material thickness and cement shade on the final color of two different ceramic/glass-polymer-based CAD-CAM blocks over colored abutments. METHODS: Tested blocks (Vita Enamic-VE and Cerasmart-Cs) were cut in three different thicknesses (1, 1.5 and 2 mm), and cemented on two different shaded (B1 and C3) resin discs with three shades (A2-Universal, W-White, T-Translucent) of a self-adhesive resin cement. An additional 10 specimens were prepared for control (n= 370)...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of background color, ceramic type and coping thickness on masking ability (ΔE) and translucency parameter (TP) of CAD/CAM lithium disilicate glass-ceramic/monolithic zirconia and, to determine the correlations between coping thickness, TP and ΔE. METHODS: A total of 120 ceramic specimens (2 mm, 1 mm and 0.5 mm thickness; n = 10) of four CAD/CAM ceramics: IPS e.max, IPS ZirCAD, Upcera Li CAD and Upcera TT CAD, were studied...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of the remaining tooth structure and different CAD/CAM materials on the fatigue performance and failure mode of endodontically treated premolars restored with endocrowns. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety maxillary premolars were endodontically treated and assigned into 6 groups (n = 15) according to the number of remaining axial walls (four, three, and two) and restorative materials (ultra-translucent zirconia 5Y-PSZ [KATANA UTML] and lithium disilicate [IPS e...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the deflection and stress distribution in endodontically treated molars restored by endocrowns from different materials available for the computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technique using three-dimensional finite element analysis. The models represented extensively damaged molars restored by endocrowns from the following materials: translucent zirconia; zirconia-reinforced glass ceramic; lithium disilicate glass ceramic; polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) and resin nanoceramic...

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Zirconia has recently become a popular material for fixed restorations. The purpose of this study was to use a digital workflow to fabricate monolithic zirconia fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) and assess the connection between variable connector sizes compared to their clinical performance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinicians evaluated monolithic zirconia FDPs in 58 patients. After definitive impressions were made, stone casts were obtained. The stone casts were scanned to a standard triangle language (STL) file...

OBJECTIVES: Evaluating the bond strength of two ceramic materials to dentin after Er,Cr:YSGG laser debonding. Would laser debonding affect the bond strength of ceramic to dentin? MATERIALS AND METHODS: Recently extracted human molars were ground to expose dentin. Forty square shaped samples were prepared from CAD/CAM ceramic blocks. Samples were divided into two groups according to the type of ceramic material; group E: Lithium disilicate and group T: Ultra-translucent Zirconia (n = 20) Each group was divided into two subgroups (n = 10) according to the laser debonding effect (subgroup B: bonded samples, subgroup R: re-bonded samples after laser debonding)...

OBJECTIVES:  Color stability of provisional restoration is crucial for full mouth reconstruction, which is probably influenced by aging. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of aging on the color appearance of different provisional materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS:  Rectangular specimens (10 × 10 × 2 mm) were fabricated from computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) (Vita CAD-Temp [VC], TelioCAD [TC], artBloc [RC]), autopolymerized (ProtempIV [PA], Luxatemp [LA], UnifastTrad [UA]), and heat-polymerized polymer (Major C&B [MH])...

AIM: The accuracy of 3D images produced by an intraoral scanner (IOS) is affected by the optical characteristics of restorative materials such as metal, ceramic, and composite resin. The present in vitro study aimed to investigate the impact of core buildup composite resin translucency on IOS accuracy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A core buildup procedure was performed on a proprietary 3D-printed model using injectable composite resins in four groups with different levels of translucency (highest to lowest: AE, A3, AO3, and EX)...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate and compare fracture resistance, translucency, and color reproducibility, as well as the effect of aging on the fracture load and color stability of novel monolithic CAD/CAM ceramics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred crowns of uniform thickness were milled from five ceramic blocks (n = 20): partially crystallized lithium disilicate (PLD) and fully crystallized lithium disilicate (FLD), lithium metasilicate (LMS), 4Y-TZP (SMZ), and 5Y-TZP (UMZ) monolithic zirconia...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of thickness on color and translucency of a multi-color polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network (PICN) material. METHODS: Specimens of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 mm thicknesses were obtained by sectioning VITA ENAMIC® multiColor (E-MC) High Translucent CAD-CAM blocks (1M1-HT, 1M2-HT, 2M2-HT, 3M2-HT, and 4M2-HT). Spectral reflectance and color coordinates were measured on white and black backgrounds using a spectroradiometer, CIE D65 illuminant and CIE 45°/0° geometry...

OBJECTIVE:  This article evaluates the effect of multipurpose polishing kit on surface roughness and hardness of three computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) ceramic materials at different polishing durations. Weight changes of the polishing bur were also determined. MATERIAL AND METHODS:  Three CAD/CAM ceramic materials were lithium disilicate glass ceramic (IPS e.max CAD), translucent zirconia (VITA YZ), and zirconia-reinforced lithium disilicate ceramic (Celtra Duo)...

OBJECTIVES: Large part of the tooth is required to be removed during crown preparation. A minimally invasive method for preparing single crowns is required to increase the durability of teeth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical performance of two ceramic systems fabricated with minimally invasive vertical preparation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty endodontically treated maxillary premolars were prepared with vertical preparation and received temporary crowns for a period of 21 days...