Heart failure premature infant

Advances in perinatal and neonatal care have led to improved survival of preterm infants into adulthood. However, the shift in focus to long-term health in adults born preterm requires a clear understanding of the impact of prematurity on developing organ systems and the development of adult-oriented disease. A less well-recognized area of risk for surviving preterm infants is their cardiometabolic health. Epidemiologic evidence has linked preterm birth to the development of systemic hypertension, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, heart failure, and ischemic heart disease...

Pregnancy with cardiac disease includes pregnancy in women with a history of heart disease and cardiac disease during pregnancy. Therefore, we aim to investigate the effect of Pender health promotion model (HPM) on the health behaviors and maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant patients with cardiac disease. 80 pregnant women with cardiac disease were enrolled in the study from January 2016 to December 2017. 40 patients who received HPM health education were selected as treatment group by convenient sampling method...

BACKGROUND: Patent ductus arteriosus is a common cardiac anomaly in infants that, if untreated, is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. In lower-middle-income countries, such as Nigeria, obtaining cardiovascular surgical care for infants remains difficult. In recent years, especially with the assistance of international voluntary cardiac organizations, efforts have increased to provide cardiac surgical services to this underserved population. METHODS: In this case series, the authors describe outcomes in 30 infants surgically treated for patent ductus arteriosus between 2013 and 2019 at an emerging cardiac center in Nigeria (9 male [30%] and 21 female [70%]; mean [SD] age, 8...

Intrapericardial teratoma is a germ-cell tumor that typically arises from the base of the heart. This rare cardiac tumour is the second most common tumor diagnosed in fetuses and newborn. Although benign, it can be massive in size causing direct compression on the heart and associated with significant pericardial effusion resulting life-threatening complications such as cardiac tamponade, heart failure, foetal hydrops, and sudden death. Early antenatal diagnosis and surgical intervention improve the survival...

Heart failure (HF) represents an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children. It is mostly caused by congenital heart disease (CHD) and cardiomyopathy. The Ross HF classification was developed to assess severity in infants and has subsequently been modified to apply to all pediatric ages. The modified Ross classification for children provides a numeric score comparable with the New York Heart Association (NYHA) HF classification for adults. The aim of this work is to investigate the role of modified Ross score in the evaluation of children with severe lower respiratory tract infection admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU)...

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe complication of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature neonates and is closely related to prognosis. However, there is no effective and safe treatment for PH due to BPD in infants. Successful treatment for cases of BPD-associated PH with Tadalafil combined with bosentan is rare. This case may make a significant contribution to the literature because PH is difficult to manage as a serious complication of BPD in preterm infants...

BACKGROUND: In premature infants, extubation failure is common and difficult to predict. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a marker of autonomic tone. Our aim is to test the hypothesis that autonomic impairment is associated with extubation readiness. METHODS: Retrospective study of 89 infants <28 weeks. HRV metrics 24 h prior to extubation were compared for those with and without extubation success within 72 h. Receiver-operating curve analysis was conducted to determine the predictive ability of each metric, and a predictive model was created...

Generalized arterial calcification of infancy (GACI) is an extremely rare autosomal recessive condition characterized by the storage of calcium at the level of internal elastic membrane of arteries. The main consequences are intimal fibrous thickening and arterial occlusion. We present the case of a preterm male infant, born from an improperly dispensed pregnancy. At birth, the newborn presented generalized edema and hypotonia, and abolished heart sounds, without response to stimulation. Despite the mechanical ventilation, the infant died 2 h after birth...

Transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is feasible in low-birth-weight infants. A female baby was born prematurely with a birth weight of 924 g. She had a PDA measuring 3.7 mm. She was dependent on positive pressure ventilation for congestive heart failure in addition to the heart failure medications. She could not be discharged from the hospital even after 79 days of birth, and even though her weight reached 1.9 kg in the neonatal intensive care unit. We attempted to plug the PDA using an Amplatzer Piccolo Occluder, but the device failed to anchor...

INTRODUCTION: Preterm infants are at risk of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI), including Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) associated bronchiolitis, for which palivizumab prophylaxis can be proposed. Our aim was to determine risk factors of very severe RSV disease in children born before 34 weeks of gestation. METHODS: Among 2,101 infants born before 34 weeks of gestation in 3 maternity wards between 2012 and 2017, the laboratory confirmed RSV-infected patients requiring hospitalization before 12 months of corrected age were retrospectively included...

Prematurely born young adults who experienced neonatal oxidative injury (NOI) of the lungs have increased incidence of cardiovascular disease. Here, we investigated the long-term effects of NOI on cardiopulmonary function in piglets at the age of 10-12 weeks. To induce NOI, term-born piglets (1.81 ± 0.06 kg) were exposed to hypoxia (10-12% <mml:math xmlns:mml="https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics><mml:msub><mml:mi>F</mml:mi> <mml:msub><mml:mi>iO</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:msub> <mml:annotation>${F}_{{\rm{iO}}_{\rm{2}}}$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> ), within 2 days after birth, and maintained for 4 weeks or until symptoms of heart failure developed (range 16-28 days), while SHAM piglets were normoxia raised...

Background : Unroofed coronary sinus is a congenital cardiac anomaly usually associated with persistent left superior vena cava. Premature restriction or closure of foramen ovale is described in association with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Abdominal peritoneal bands when present manifest clinically. Case report: A 27 years, gravida 2, presented with intrauterine fetal death at 24 weeks gestation due to fetal congestive cardiac failure, cardiomegaly and hydrops. Perinatal autopsy showed absent coronary sinus with cardiac veins draining directly into the heart...

Long-term growth failure can have negative impact on health (by increasing morbidity and mortality) and on neurodevelopmental outcomes. Its prevalence among children with congenital heart disease (CHD) is not well described. The aim of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of growth failure in a population of infants with CHD away from cardiac surgery and identify associated factors. We conducted a retrospective and multicentric study that included infants from the North of France who underwent cardiac surgery before the age of one, between January 2013 and December 2017...

INTRODUCTION: Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) can be a significant hemodynamic problem in preterm infants leading to increased morbidity and mortality. PDA ligation is therefore considered an urgent procedure in infants who have failed medical therapy. However, there is controversy regarding optimal timing and decision to operate. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes and efficacy of PDA ligation in very low birth weight premature infants. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of our institution's database and included very low birth weight premature infants (<1500 g) who underwent PDA ligation from 2008 to 2019 among 6 centers within the Southern California Kaiser Permanente network system...

Children with advanced heart failure may require ventricular assist devices (VAD) while awaiting heart transplantation. Currently, no data exist regarding the safety of exercise rehabilitation (ER) in children on VAD support. The purpose of this study was to determine the safety and feasibility of ER in children on VAD support awaiting heart transplantation. Eligible patients underwent VAD placement between 1998 and 2019; both inpatient and outpatient participants were included. After VAD implantation and when ambulatory, patients were enrolled in ER...

BACKGROUND: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive disorder with early childhood onset characterized by profound loss of muscle strength and associated cardiomyopathy. DMD affects is most often caused by deletions involving single or multiple exons that disrupt the open reading frame of the DMD gene. Mutations causing loss or premature truncation of dystrophin result in dystrophin protein deficiency, which renders the plasma membrane of skeletal myofibers and cardiomyocytes weakened...

Although more than 90% of children born with congenital heart disease (CHD) survive into adulthood, patients face significantly higher and premature morbidity and mortality. Heart failure as well as non-cardiac comorbidities represent a striking and life-limiting problem with need for new treatment options. Systemic chronic inflammation and immune activation have been identified as crucial drivers of disease causes and progression in various cardiovascular disorders and are promising therapeutic targets. Accumulating evidence indicates an inflammatory state and immune alterations in children and adults with CHD...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The use of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) in +late preterm and term infants with pulmonary hypertension is Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved and has improved outcomes and survival. iNO use is not FDA approved for preterm infants and previous studies show no mortality benefit. The objectives were 1) to determine the usage of iNO among preterm neonates <35 weeks before and after the 2010 National Institutes of Health consensus statement and 2) to evaluate characteristics and outcomes among preterm neonates who received iNO...

BACKGROUND: Deep tissue Candida invasion represents a special entity among neonates with invasive candidiasis. We aimed to explore the risk factors and clinical outcomes for deep tissue Candida invasion among neonates with invasive candidiasis. METHODS: A retrospective data review of neonates admitted to NICU of Madinah maternity and children hospital, KSA from January 2012 to December 2019 was done. Data were analysed between infants with or without deep tissue candidiasis among infants with invasive candidiasis...

BACKGROUND: Preterm birth has been linked to an elevated risk of heart failure and cardiopulmonary disease later in life. With improved neonatal care and survival, most infants born preterm are now reaching adulthood. In this study, we used 4D flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) coupled with an exercise challenge to assess the impact of preterm birth on right heart flow dynamics in otherwise healthy adolescents and young adults who were born preterm. METHODS: Eleven young adults and 17 adolescents born preterm (< 32 weeks of gestation and < 1500 g birth weight) were compared to 11 young adult and 18 adolescent age-matched controls born at term...