Gallblader

• The most common causes of hemobilia are iatrogenic, trauma related and neoplastic. • The most common spontaneous cause of hemobilia is primary or metastatic hepatobiliary malignancy. • Hemobilia is a (1–7 %) rare presenting sign of biliary neoplasm. • Hemobilia's classic presentation triad is right upper quadrant (RUQ) pain, GI bleeding, and jaundice.

Timing for early laparoscopic cholecystectomy (ELC) in patients with acute calculous cholecystitis (ACC) is still controversial. This study assesses ELC for ACC with delayed presentation, according to hospital volume. Multicentric retrospective analysis of 1868 ELC. Patients were classified into two groups according to the timing of surgery from clinical onset and centre volume. Group 1 (G1) within the first 7 days, group 2 (G2) beyond that. Then centres were classified in low volume centres (LVC) and higher volume centres (HVC) according to the number of ELC performed per year...

The ovary is a common site of metastatic mucinous adenocarcinoma. In most, but not all, cases the presence of a primary neoplasm elsewhere is already known and the metastasis is picked up at diagnosis or is discovered a relatively short time following the diagnosis of the primary neoplasm. We report 2 cases of metastatic gallbladder adenocarcinoma involving the ovaries of women aged 65 and 59 after long time periods of 8 and 5 yr following diagnosis of high-grade dysplasia or early adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder, respectively...

In vivo studies have shown cyclic bile salt (BS) outputs during fasting whereas higher amounts have been observed in fed states. This leads to fluctuations of intestinal BS concentrations ([BS]) that can affect the rate and extent of ab-sorption of lipophilic drugs in particular. However, most PBPK models use fixed values of [BS] in fasted and fed states albeit with different values in different regions of the GI tract. During fasting, there is a relationship between gallblad-der volume (GBV) and the phase of the Interdigestive Migrating Motor Complex cycle (IMMCc), showing cyclic GBV changes with periodic filling and emptying...

The case report presents the successful performance of laparoscopic cholecystectomy for situs viscerum inversus totalis in a female patient with chronic cholecystitis and cholecystolithiasis and summarizes current knowledge and approaches to this issue. Gallbladder empyema was found perioperatively, which has only been published once in a similar case before. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in situs viscerum inversus totalis is a safe method to remove the gallbladder. Key words: situs viscerum inversus totalis laparoscopic cholecystectomy gallblader empyema...

BACKGROUND: Cholecystectomy and inguinal hernioplasty are the most frequent surgeries in Chile and the world. Laparoscopic inguinal hernioplasty, being a clean surgery, reports mesh infection rates of less than 2% and adding a simultaneous laparoscopic cholecystectomy is controversial due to an increase in the risk of mesh infection. The aim of this paper is to report the results of simultaneous TAPP hernioplasty with laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHOD: Retrospective analysis of the digestive surgery database...

Bile acid (BA) secretion and circulation in chronic pancreatitis (CP) patients with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) were investigated by simultaneously measuring postprandial levels of individual BAs in duodenal contents and blood plasma using LC-MS/MS. CP patients and healthy volunteers (HVs) were intubated with gastric and duodenal tubes prior to the administration of a test meal and continuous aspiration of duodenal contents. Pancreatic lipase outputs in CP patients were very low (0.7 ± 0.2 mg) versus HVs (116...

Ventriculo-gallblader shunt is very rarely used in the treatment of hydrocephalus. A 44-year-old male with ventriculoatrial shunt dysfunction was evaluated. His ventriculoatrial shunt was not working. His medical history revealed that his hydrocephalus was treated five times by venrtriculoperitoneal shunt, and four times by ventriculoatrial shunt. Another trial for ventriculoperitoneal or ventriculoatrial shunting was not considered feasible. A ventriculo-gallbladder shunt was placed to the patient as a potential salvage procedure...

BACKGROUND: Cholangiocarcinomas (CC) as well as gallbladder cancers are relatively rare and intractable diseases. Clinical, pathological, and epidemiological studies on these tumors have been under investigation. The current status and/or topics on biliary tract cancers have been reported in the East West Association of Liver Tumor (EWALT), held in Milano, Italy in 2015. SUMMARY: All the authors, herein, specifcally reported the current status and leading-edge findings on biliary tract cancers as the following sequence: epidemiology of CC, surgical therapy for intrahepatic CC, surgical therapy for perihilar CC, surgical therapy for gallblad der cancer, chemotherapy for biliary tract cancers, and new histological features in CC...

UNLABELLED: Biliary sludge and/or biliary pseudolithiasis occur in patients treated with ceftriaxone with prevalence of 3-57%. Biliary obstruction can be the cause of the acute gallbladder enlargement. It is a minor complication, that usually does not give clinical symptoms and resolves once the drug is discontinued. The authors present a case of a 5-month old boy treated for the acute pyelonephritis. Routine ultrasound, performed on the 5th day of treatment with ceftriaxone, showed gallbladder enlargement...

The higher incidence of gallstone formation after gastrectomy for cancer has been reported as a common complication in many studies but the management strategies are still controversial and need further evaluation. We retrospectivaly analysed between 2007 and 2013, 206 patients who underwent gastric and or oesophageal resection. In 29/93 patients receiving an oesophagectomy a simultaneous cholecystectomy was performed, respectively 31 from 111 patients who underwent a gastrectomy received an incidental cholecystectomy...

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors are rare benign tumors that can mimic malignancy. Their precise aetiology is unknown. They are seen more frequently in childhood and the most common involvement is seen in the lungs. Primary inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors of the gallbladder are rather infrequent. The present knowledge is based on case reports. CASE REPORT: A 66 year-old male patient presented to the hospital with complaints of abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting...

INTRODUCTION: The incidence of cancer among residents in sites contaminated by pollutants with a possible health impact is not adequately studied. In Italy, SENTIERI Project (Epidemiological study of residents in National Priority Contaminated Sites, NPCSs) was implemented to study major health outcomes for residents in 44 NPCSs. METHODS: The Italian Association of Cancer Registries (AIRTUM) records cancer incidence in 23 NPCSs. For each NPCSs, the incidence of all malignant cancers combined and 35 cancer sites (coded according to ICD-10), was analysed (1996-2005)...

INTRODUCTION: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard procedure for the treatment of lithiasic gallblader pathology and acute cholecystitis. Whether or not it should be done as ambulatory surgery is still being discussed. The present study aims to analyze the quality and safety of laparoscopic cholecystectomy conducted by the Ambulatory Unit of Hospital de Braga and compare the results with those from other European surgical centers performing LC as ambulatory surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Observational prospective study of patients submitted to laparoscopic cholecystectomy in ambulatory surgery during a period of 26 months...

Main cause of gallbladder perforation is cholecystitis with or without stones. In old age, spontaneous perforation of gallbladder can be due to decreased blood supply which can be as the result of atherosclerosis, focal vasospasm or localized vasculitis. Perforation is associated with high morbidity and mortality if left untreated. Here, we report a rare case of idiopathic and spontaneous perforation of gallbladder in a 77 years old lady.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of periodic and moderate alcohol intake on gallbladder motility. METHODS: The ultrasonographic ellipsoid method was used in 21 healthy male subjects: 12 non-alcohol and 9 alcohol drinkers. The stimulus for gallbladder contraction was 165 ml of half cream milk. Gallbladder dynamics were studied for 20 minutes following the ingestion of the milk. The mean percentage change in gallbladder volume after 10 and 20 minutes gave indications of gallbladder motility...

Gallbladder cancer is an aggressive tumor. Its incidence varies according to geography. Surgery is the standard treatment for localized stage but there is no standard treatment in metastatic or locally advanced disease. Because of the rarity of bile tract cancer (BTC) and gallblader carcinoma (GBC), most studies have grouped all BTC and GBC together, and there are very few GBC-specific studies. In addition, there is a paucity of randomized controlled studies in this disease with small numbers of patients and inclusion bias...

Gallblader tuberculosis is uncommon and may mimic a neoplasia. We report a 55-year-old man who presented with fever and abdominal pain compatible with cholecystitis. Abdominal ultrasound and computed tomographic scan showed a tumoral aspect of the bottom of the gallbladder and invasion of adjacent liver. Diagnosis of pseudo-tumoral gallbladder tuberculosis was obtained with the histologic examination of surgical sampling. Disease course was uneventful with appropriate antituberculous therapy.

BACKGROUND: Excavated pulmonary metastasis are rare. We present two cases of excavated pulmonary nodules proved to be metastases from osteosarcoma and gallblader lymphoma. CASE PRESENTATION: The first one is 39-year-old man in whom cholecystectomy made the diagnosis of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the gallbladder. He presented in chest CT scan excavated nodules that had been biopsied and confirmed the diagnosis of non hodgkin lymphoma. He underwent 8 courses of chemotherapy CHOP 21 with complete remission...

UNLABELLED: Functional diseases of digestive tract are an ubiquitary problem of diagnosis and treatment for ambulatory care services. Its evolution is chronicle but there are no organic lesions for the beginning. Nevertheless, it impairs quality of life and creates many days of incapacity of work. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We studied 1118 cases with digestive malfunctions, selected from the patients consulted on Ambulatory Care Unit--Internal Medicine, 2007-2008. RESULTS: Basal clinical and laboratory explorations classified the type of digestive malfunctions according to international criteria...