keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37762070/ctc-ctdna-and-exosome-in-thyroid-cancers-a-review
#21
REVIEW
Wenwen Wang, Zhiyao Zheng, Jianyong Lei
Thyroid cancer has become more common in recent years all around the world. Many issues still need to be urgently addressed in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of thyroid cancer. Liquid biopsy (mainly circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and circulating exosomes) may provide a novel and ideal approach to solve these issues, allows us to assess the features of diseases more comprehensively, and has a function in a variety of malignancies. Recently, liquid biopsy has been shown to be critical in thyroid cancer diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis in numerous previous studies...
September 6, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37672636/smart-target-initiated-catalytic-dna-junction-circuit-amplification-strategy-for-the-ultrasensitive-electrochemiluminescence-detection-of-microrna
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yu-Yi Zhou, Guan-Feng Li, Rong-Xian Ma, Yu Lin, Jia-Wen Wu, Ye-Yu Wu, Jun Yan, Shao-Gang Liu, Xue-Cai Tan, Ke-Jing Huang
One of the highly attractive research directions in the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) field is how to regulate and improve ECL efficiency. Quantum dots (QDs) are highly promising ECL materials due to their adjustable luminescence size and strong luminous efficiency. MoS2 NSs@QDs, an ECL emitter, is synthesized via hydrothermal methods, and its ECL mechanism is investigated using cyclic voltammetry and ECL-potential curves. Then, a stable and vertical attachment of a triplex DNA (tsDNA) probe to the MoS2 nanosheets (NSs) is applied to the electrode...
September 6, 2023: Analytical Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37637243/from-organ-preservation-to-selective-surgery-how-immunotherapy-changes-colorectal-surgery
#23
REVIEW
Shiya Yao, Huanrong Lan, Yuejun Han, Chunsen Mao, Mengxiang Yang, Xuan Zhang, Ketao Jin
The emergence of immunotherapy has revolutionized the traditional treatment paradigm of colorectal cancer (CRC). Among them, immune checkpoint blockade has become the first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) and has made significant progress in the treatment of locally advanced colorectal cancer (LACRC). We reviewed a series of clinical trials that have made breakthrough progress. We will emphasize the breakthrough progress in achieving organ preservation in patients with high microsatellite instability or DNA mismatch repair deficiency (MSI-H/dMMR), and based on this, we propose the concept of selective surgery, which includes selectively removing or preserving lymph nodes, with the aim of proving our idea through more research in the future...
September 2023: Surgery open science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37572546/innovative-lanthanide-complexes-shaping-the-future-of-cancer-tumor-chemotherapy
#24
REVIEW
Meenakshi Patyal, Kirandeep Kaur, Neeraj Bala, Nidhi Gupta, Ashok Kumar Malik
Developing new therapeutic and diagnostic metals and metal complexes is a stunning example of how inorganic chemistry is rapidly becoming an essential part of modern medicine. More study of bio-coordination chemistry is needed to improve the design of compounds with fewer harmful side effects. Metal-containing drugs are widely utilized in the treatment of cancer. Platinum complexes are effective against some cancers, but new coordination compounds are being created with improved pharmacological properties and a broader spectrum of anticancer action...
August 2, 2023: Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37537310/long-range-gene-regulation-in-hormone-dependent-cancer
#25
REVIEW
Theophilus T Tettey, Lorenzo Rinaldi, Gordon L Hager
The human genome is organized into multiple structural layers, ranging from chromosome territories to progressively smaller substructures, such as topologically associating domains (TADs) and chromatin loops. These substructures, collectively referred to as long-range chromatin interactions (LRIs), have a significant role in regulating gene expression. TADs are regions of the genome that harbour groups of genes and regulatory elements that frequently interact with each other and are insulated from other regions, thereby preventing widespread uncontrolled DNA contacts...
October 2023: Nature Reviews. Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37462995/regulation-of-redox-homeostasis-through-dna-rna-methylation-and-post-translational-modifications-in-cancer-progression
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qiuchen Qi, Suli Yang, Juan Li, Peilong Li, Lutao Du
SIGNIFICANCE: Aberrant redox homeostasis, characterized by the enhancement of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defenses, is among the well-known cancer hallmarks. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms of redox homeostasis in cancer cells has become the focus of many studies. Epigenetic and post-translational modifications (PTMs), as pivotal regulators of multiple biological processes, play critical roles in tumorigenesis and development. RECENT ADVANCES: DNA and RNA methylation are important forms of epigenetic modifications...
July 18, 2023: Antioxidants & Redox Signaling
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37460038/functional-implications-and-therapeutic-targeting-of-androgen-response-elements-in-prostate-cancer
#27
REVIEW
Dhirodatta Senapati, Vikas Sharma, Santosh Rath, Uddipak Rai, Naresh Panigrahi
The androgen receptor (AR) plays an essential role in the growth and progression of prostate cancer (CaP). Ligand-activated AR inside the nucleus binds to the androgen response element (ARE) of the target genes in dimeric form and recruits transcriptional machinery to facilitate gene transcription. Pharmacological compounds that inhibit the AR action either bind to the ligand binding domain (LBD) or interfere with the interactions of AR with other co-regulatory proteins, slowing the progression of the disease...
July 15, 2023: Biochimie
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37371723/uncovering-the-secrets-of-prostate-cancer-s-radiotherapy-resistance-advances-in-mechanism-research
#28
REVIEW
Feng Lyu, Shi-Yu Shang, Xian-Shu Gao, Ming-Wei Ma, Mu Xie, Xue-Ying Ren, Ming-Zhu Liu, Jia-Yan Chen, Shan-Shi Li, Lei Huang
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a critical global public health issue with its incidence on the rise. Radiation therapy holds a primary role in PCa treatment; however, radiation resistance has become increasingly challenging as we uncover more about PCa's pathogenesis. Our review aims to investigate the multifaceted mechanisms underlying radiation therapy resistance in PCa. Specifically, we will examine how various factors, such as cell cycle regulation, DNA damage repair, hypoxic conditions, oxidative stress, testosterone levels, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and tumor stem cells, contribute to radiation therapy resistance...
June 3, 2023: Biomedicines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37309372/inflammatory-auxo-action-in-the-stem-cell-division-theory-of-cancer
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yi Luo, Jian-Hui Xiao
Acute inflammation is a beneficial response to the changes caused by pathogens or injuries that can eliminate the source of damage and restore homeostasis in damaged tissues. However, chronic inflammation causes malignant transformation and carcinogenic effects of cells through continuous exposure to pro-inflammatory cytokines and activation of inflammatory signaling pathways. According to the theory of stem cell division, the essential properties of stem cells, including long life span and self-renewal, make them vulnerable to accumulating genetic changes that can lead to cancer...
2023: PeerJ
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37292988/senescent-cells-and-macrophages-cooperate-through-a-multi-kinase-signaling-network-to-promote-intestinal-transformation-in-drosophila
#30
Ishwaree Datta, Erdem Bangi
Cellular senescence is a conserved biological process essential for embryonic development, tissue remodeling, repair, and a key regulator of aging. Senescence also plays a crucial role in cancer, though this role can be tumor-suppressive or tumor-promoting, depending on the genetic context and the microenvironment. The highly heterogeneous, dynamic, and context-dependent nature of senescence-associated features and the relatively small numbers of senescent cells in tissues makes in vivo mechanistic studies of senescence challenging...
May 18, 2023: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37255465/preharvest-maize-fungal-microbiome-and-mycotoxin-contamination-case-of-zambia-s-different-rainfall-patterns
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bwalya Katati, Pierre Schoenmakers, Henry Njapau, Paul W Kachapulula, Bas J Zwaan, Anne D van Diepeningen, Sijmen E Schoustra
The preharvest maize mycobiome may be crucial in defining the health of the crop in terms of potential disease burden and mycotoxins. We investigated the preharvest maize mycobiome structure, including the influence of weather patterns, in terms of rainfall intensity, on its composition. In addition, we investigated correlation of genera Fusarium and Aspergillus with maize fumonisin-B1 and aflatoxin. Forty maize fields from selected districts in the wetter northern (N) and drier southern (S) agroecological zones of Zambia were sampled twice over two seasons (1 and 2)...
May 31, 2023: Applied and Environmental Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37207159/liquid-biopsy-can-cure-early-colorectal-cancer-recurrence-case-report
#32
Alexander Baraniskin, Hideo A Baba, Dirk Theegarten, Thomas Mika, Roland Schroers, Susanne Klein-Scory
In the context of colorectal cancer (CRC), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is frequently used to monitor the minimal residual disease (MRD). ctDNA has become an excellent biomarker to predict which patients with CRC are likely to relapse due to the persistence of micrometastases. MRD diagnosis via analysis of ctDNA may allow much earlier detection of relapse compared with conventional diagnosis during follow-up. It should lead to an increased rate of curative-intended complete resection of an asymptomatic relapse...
2023: Frontiers in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37201730/overcoming-therapeutic-resistance-in-pancreatic-cancer-emerging-opportunities-by-targeting-brcas-and-p53
#33
REVIEW
Juliana Calheiros, Vincenzo Corbo, LucĂ­lia Saraiva
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is characterized by (epi)genetic and microenvironmental alterations that negatively impact the treatment outcomes. New targeted therapies have been pursued to counteract the therapeutic resistance in PC. Aiming to seek for new therapeutic options for PC, several attempts have been undertaken to exploit BRCA1/2 and TP53 deficiencies as promising actionable targets. The elucidation of the pathogenesis of PC highlighted the high prevalence of p53 mutations and their connection with the aggressiveness and therapeutic resistance of PC...
May 16, 2023: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. Reviews on Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37190033/on-the-role-of-glycolysis-in-early-tumorigenesis-permissive-and-executioner-effects
#34
REVIEW
Fabrizio Marcucci, Cristiano Rumio
Reprogramming energy production from mitochondrial respiration to glycolysis is now considered a hallmark of cancer. When tumors grow beyond a certain size they give rise to changes in their microenvironment (e.g., hypoxia, mechanical stress) that are conducive to the upregulation of glycolysis. Over the years, however, it has become clear that glycolysis can also associate with the earliest steps of tumorigenesis. Thus, many of the oncoproteins most commonly involved in tumor initiation and progression upregulate glycolysis...
April 10, 2023: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37108776/influence-of-simulated-microgravity-on-mammary-epithelial-cells-grown-as-2d-and-3d-cultures
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Garrett Winkelmaier, Kosar Jabbari, Lung-Chang Chien, Peter Grabham, Bahram Parvin, Janice Pluth
During space travel, astronauts will experience a unique environment that includes continuous exposure to microgravity and stressful living conditions. Physiological adaptation to this is a challenge and the effect of microgravity on organ development, architecture, and function is not well understood. How microgravity may impact the growth and development of an organ is an important issue, especially as space flight becomes more commonplace. In this work, we sought to address fundamental questions regarding microgravity using mouse mammary epithelial cells in 2D and 3D tissue cultures exposed to simulated microgravity...
April 20, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37090647/modeling-single-cell-dna-replication-dynamics-and-aneuploidy-in-genomically-unstable-cancers
#36
Adam C Weiner, Marc J Williams, Hongyu Shi, Sohrab P Shah, Andrew McPherson
DNA replication is a highly coordinated cell cycle process that can become dysregulated in cancer, increasing both proliferation and mutation rates. Single-cell whole genome sequencing holds potential for studying replication dynamics of cancer cells; however, computational methods for identifying S-phase cells and inferring single-cell replication timing profiles remain immature for samples with heterogeneous copy number. Here we report a new method, PERT, which jointly infers replication and somatic copy number states of S-phase cells...
April 10, 2023: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37019596/mechanistic-aspects-of-reversible-methylation-modifications-of-arginine-and-lysine-of-nuclear-histones-and-their-roles-in-human-colon-cancer
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ankan Roy, Niharika, Subhajit Chakraborty, Jagdish Mishra, Suraj Pratap Singh, Samir Kumar Patra
Developmental proceedings and maintenance of cellular homeostasis are regulated by the precise orchestration of a series of epigenetic events that eventually control gene expression. DNA methylation and post-translational modifications (PTMs) of histones are well-characterized epigenetic events responsible for fine-tuning gene expression. PTMs of histones bear molecular logic of gene expression at chromosomal territory and have become a fascinating field of epigenetics. Nowadays, reversible methylation on histone arginine and lysine is gaining increasing attention as a significant PTM related to reorganizing local nucleosomal structure, chromatin dynamics, and transcriptional regulation...
2023: Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36980610/mir-153-3p-modulates-the-breast-cancer-cells-chemosensitivity-to-doxorubicin-by-targeting-kif20a
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Khalil Ur Rahman, Shuo Yang, Nasir Azam, Zhen Yuan, Jiawen Yu, Chunhui Zhao, Bin Feng
Breast cancer is considered the solid tumor most sensitive to chemotherapy. However, it can become resistant to various chemotherapeutic drugs, including doxorubicin, which triggers cell death by intercalation between DNA bases, free radical formation, and topoisomerase II inhibition. When drug resistance develops, several miRNAs are dysregulated, suggesting that miRNAs may play a significant role in resistance formation. In the current study, we investigated how doxorubicin sensitivity of breast cancer cells is affected by miR-153-3p and its target gene...
March 11, 2023: Cancers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36979452/how-clustered-dna-damage-can-change-the-electronic-properties-of-ds-dna-differences-between-gag-ga-oxo-g-and-oxo-ga-oxo-g
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Boleslaw Karwowski
Every 24 h, roughly 3 × 1017 incidences of DNA damage are generated in the human body as a result of intra- or extra-cellular factors. The structure of the formed lesions is identical to that formed during radio- or chemotherapy. Increases in the clustered DNA damage (CDL) level during anticancer treatment have been observed compared to those found in untreated normal tissues. 7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (OXO G) has been recognized as the most common lesion. In these studies, the influence of OXO G, as an isolated (oligo-O G) or clustered DNA lesion (oligo-O GO G), on charge transfer has been analyzed in comparison to native oligo-G...
March 11, 2023: Biomolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36933390/nutrigenomics-in-the-context-of-evolution
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carsten Carlberg
Nutrigenomics describes the interaction between nutrients and our genome. Since the origin of our species most of these nutrient-gene communication pathways have not changed. However, our genome experienced over the past 50,000 years a number of evolutionary pressures, which are based on the migration to new environments concerning geography and climate, the transition from hunter-gatherers to farmers including the zoonotic transfer of many pathogenic microbes and the rather recent change of societies to a preferentially sedentary lifestyle and the dominance of Western diet...
March 11, 2023: Redox Biology
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