keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38016180/exposure-to-airborne-mycotoxins-the-riskiest-working-environments-and-tasks
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna Maria Marcelloni, Daniela Pigini, Alessandra Chiominto, Angela Gioffrè, Emilia Paba
OBJECTIVES: There is growing interest in the role of airborne mycotoxins in occupational environments, however, their impact on human health still remains poorly investigated. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the existing literature on the occurrence of inhalable mycotoxins in working environments to investigate which sectors and tasks are at greater risk of exposure. METHODS: We have performed a systematic search in the PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases from 2010 to date, without limitation of geographic location...
November 28, 2023: Annals of Work Exposures and Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38012498/study-of-vapor-compression-refrigeration-system-with-suspended-nanoparticles-in-the-low-gwp-refrigerant
#22
REVIEW
Uma Shankar Prasad, Radhey Shyam Mishra, Ranadip Kumar Das
The rising global temperatures, attributed to the high global warming potential (GWP) of conventional refrigerants, necessitate the adoption of low-GWP alternatives in HVAC systems. However, these low-GWP refrigerants often exhibit high toxicity and flammability, limiting their usage. To address these challenges, compact heat exchangers incorporating blended refrigerants have been introduced to enhance HVAC system performance. Researchers have also made significant strides in improving HVAC system efficiency by introducing the concept of suspending nanolubricants and nanorefrigerants within the system...
November 28, 2023: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37953395/mitigating-wildfire-smoke-inside-homes-evidence-from-oregon-september-2020
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Charles Castillo, Ruth Dittrich, Vivek Shandas, Elliott Gall, Olyssa Starry
The smoke produced by wildfires can travel great distances and lead to respiratory and/or cardiovascular health impacts through inhalation. Individuals can reduce exposure by implementing smoke mitigation measures in their homes and beyond. In this article, we examine household level survey data (n = 543) on wildfire smoke mitigation in response to the September 2020 wildfires that occurred in the state of Oregon (and beyond). The air quality was hazardous for about 10 days in many affected regions...
November 12, 2023: Risk Analysis: An Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37951260/participant-collected-household-dust-for-assessing-microorganisms-and-semi-volatile-organic-compounds-in-urban-homes
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
D Jarma, J P Maestre, J Sanchez, S Brodfuehrer, L E Katz, S Horner, K A Kinney
Dust samples collected by researchers and study participants from 43 U.S. urban homes were analyzed and compared to evaluate the feasibility of using participant-collected samples to assess indoor environmental exposures. The microbial and chemical composition of participant-collected (and shipped) samples were compared to researcher-collected samples from the same household, using dust recovered from each home's heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) filter. The bacterial and fungal communities present in all dust samples were determined via MiSeq 16S and ITS sequencing, and the concentrations of 27 semi-volatile organic compounds (7 orthophosphates, 6 phthalates, and 14 brominated flame retardants) were determined via GC-MS...
November 9, 2023: Science of the Total Environment
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37942702/magnetic-cortical-oscillations-associated-with-subjective-auditory-coolness-during-paired-comparison-of-time-varying-hvac-sounds
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hajime Yano, Tetsuya Takiguchi, Seiji Nakagawa
The impressions of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) sounds are important for the comfort people experience in their living spaces. Revealing neural substrates of the impressions induced by HVAC sounds can help to develop neurophysiological indices of the comfort of HVAC sounds. There have been numerous studies on the brain activities associated with the pleasantness of sounds, but few on the brain activities associated with the thermal impressions of HVAC sounds. Seven time-varying HVAC sounds were synthesized as stimuli using amplitude modulation...
October 30, 2023: Neuroreport
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37922235/quantitative-microbial-risk-assessment-for-quantification-of-the-effects-of-ultraviolet-germicidal-irradiation-on-covid-19-transmission
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ernest R Blatchley, Haiying Cui
Quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) is presented as a tool for evaluation of the effectiveness of ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) systems for the disinfection of indoor air. The QMRA is developed in the context of UVGI system implementation for control of SARS-CoV-2 infection and comprises submodels to address problem formulation, exposure assessment, and health effects assessment, all of which provide input to a risk characterization submodel. The model simulations indicate that UVGI systems can effectively control the risk of infection associated with SARS-CoV-2 for low to moderate virus emission rates...
November 3, 2023: Environmental Science & Technology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37890367/an-event-triggered-collaborative-neurodynamic-approach-to-distributed-global-optimization
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zicong Xia, Yang Liu, Jun Wang
In this paper, we propose an event-triggered collaborative neurodynamic approach to distributed global optimization in the presence of nonconvexity. We design a projection neural network group consisting of multiple projection neural networks coupled via a communication network. We prove the convergence of the projection neural network group to Karush-Kuhn-Tucker points of a given global optimization problem. To reduce communication bandwidth consumption, we adopt an event-triggered mechanism to liaise with other neural networks in the group with the Zeno behavior being precluded...
October 19, 2023: Neural Networks: the Official Journal of the International Neural Network Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37886754/development-of-energy-efficient-design-proposals-for-air-conditioned-mosques-temperate-humid-climate-case
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A B Atmaca, G Zorer Gedik
Mosques, which are types of religious buildings, are large buildings where many people pray at the same time. The diversity of the user type and density and the variability of the usage schedule make it difficult to establish the homogeneous thermal comfort of these large-volume public buildings. At the same time, the energy consumption in the buildings should be minimal in nowadays when the conventional energy sources decrease. The aim of this study is to evaluate created design strategies for designers and users in order to minimize energy consumption by determining the passive design criteria and choosing the type of air conditioning equipment while providing an acceptable thermal comfort level in mosques...
October 2023: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37877197/reduction-of-airborne-and-surface-borne-bacteria-in-a-medical-center-burn-intensive-care-unit-using-active-upper-room-germicidal-ultraviolet-guv-disinfection
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Linda D Lee, Louise Lie, Michael Bauer, Berenice Bolanos, Russell N Olmsted, Jay K Varma, Jorge P Parada
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of active, upper-room, germicidal ultraviolet (GUV) devices in reducing bacterial contamination in patient rooms in air and on surfaces as a supplement to the central heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) air handling unit (AHU) with MERV 14 filters and UV-C disinfection. METHODS: This study was conducted in an academic medical center, burn intensive care unit (BICU), for 4 months in 2022. Room occupancy was monitored and recorded...
October 25, 2023: Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37786502/the-green-surgical-block-4-0-automation-of-the-operating-theatre-s-climate-conditions-through-a-real-time-patient-flow-solution
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jordi Rovira-Simon, Marc Sales-I-Coll, Patricia Pozo-Rosich, Juan Antonio Hueto-Madrid, Raquel Cánovas Paradell, Anna Ochoa de Echagüen Aguilar, Marta Carbonell-Cobo, Rodolfo de Castro, Genevieve Shaw
The energy consumed by surgery units constitutes a staggering part of the overall healthcare carbon footprint. Partly due to the demanding climate conditions necessitated by operating theatres (OTs), energy is also wasted because of poorly managed heating, ventilation and air-conditioning systems (HVACs) that consume up to 57% of the total energy used in a hospital. With their goal of optimising OTs' performance and reducing patient waiting lists, heads of surgery units worldwide do not dare to risk cancelling scheduled surgery because of problems with the OT environment conditions (ie temperature, humidity, pressure)...
March 2023: Future Healthcare Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37785803/the-environmental-impact-of-radiation-oncology-the-footprint-of-external-beam-radiation-therapy
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
K Lichter, K Charbonneau, A Sabbagh, A Witzum, J R Bloom, R F Shenker, J P Chino, G Vidal, J R Lewy, J W D Hearn, R Chuter, G R Sarria, S Avelino, C Anand, C Thiel, O Mohamad
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): There is a growing concern for the healthcare sector's impact on the environment. Prior carbon impact studies in radiation oncology have been limited in scope and methodology. This study aims to fill this gap by using an internationally recognized cradle-to-grave life cycle assessment (LCA) approach to quantify all environmental impacts from raw material extraction to product disposal for external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) in treating the most commonly diagnosed cancers...
October 1, 2023: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37765746/advancing-fault-detection-in-hvac-systems-unifying-gramian-angular-field-and-2d-deep-convolutional-neural-networks-for-enhanced-performance
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wunna Tun, Kwok-Wai Johnny Wong, Sai-Ho Ling
Efficiency and comfort in buildings rely on on well-functioning HVAC systems. However, system faults can compromise performance. Modern data-driven fault detection methods, considering diverse techniques, encounter challenges in understanding intricate interactions and adapting to dynamic conditions present in HVAC systems during occupancy periods. Implementing fault detection during active operation, which aligns with real-world scenarios and captures dynamic interactions and environmental changes, is considered highly valuable...
September 6, 2023: Sensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37729804/efficient-trapping-and-destruction-of-sars-cov-2-using-peco-assisted-molekule-air-purifiers-in-the-laboratory-and-real-world-settings
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arpan Acharya, Kerri Surbaugh, Michellie Thurman, Chatura Wickramaratne, Philip Myers, Rajat Mittal, Kabita Pandey, Elizabeth Klug, Sarah J Stein, Ashley R Ravnholdt, Vicki L Herrera, Danielle N Rivera, Paul Williams, Joshua L Santarpia, Ajeet Kaushik, Jaspreet S Dhau, Siddappa N Byrareddy
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is transmitted human-to-human via aerosols and air-borne droplets. Therefore, capturing and destroying viruses from indoor premises are essential to reduce the probability of human exposure and virus transmission. While the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems help in reducing the indoor viral load, a targeted approach is required to effectively remove SARS-CoV-2 from indoor air to address human exposure concerns. The present study demonstrates efficient trapping and destruction of SARS-CoV-2 via nano-enabled filter technology using the UV-A-stimulated photoelectrochemical oxidation (PECO) process...
September 18, 2023: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37725631/the-impact-of-heating-ventilation-and-air-conditioning-design-features-on-the-transmission-of-viruses-including-the-2019-novel-coronavirus-a-systematic-review-of-filtration
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gail M Thornton, Brian A Fleck, Emily Kroeker, Dhyey Dandnayak, Natalie Fleck, Lexuan Zhong, Lisa Hartling
Historically, viruses have demonstrated airborne transmission. Emerging evidence suggests the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that causes COVID-19 also spreads by airborne transmission. This is more likely in indoor environments, particularly with poor ventilation. In the context of airborne transmission, a vital mitigation strategy for the built environment is heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. HVAC features could modify virus transmission potential. A systematic review was conducted to identify and synthesize research examining the effectiveness of filters within HVAC systems in reducing virus transmission...
2023: PLOS Glob Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37717799/building-parameters-linked-with-indoor-transmission-of-sars-cov-2
#35
REVIEW
Jacqueline Horne, Nicholas Dunne, Nirmala Singh, Md Safiuddin, Navid Esmaeili, Merve Erenler, Ian Ho, Edwin Luk
The rapid spread of Coronavirus Disease (2019)(COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has emphasized the importance of understanding and adapting to the indoor remediation of transmissible diseases to decrease the risk for future pandemic threats. While there were many precautions in place to hinder the spread of COVID-19, there has also been a substantial increase of new research on SARS-CoV-2 that can be utilized to further mitigate the transmission risk of this novel virus...
September 15, 2023: Environmental Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37600592/-in-situ-real-time-dataset-as-compared-to-the-predicted-thermal-wheel-performance-of-an-energy-recovery-system
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hung-Yi Tsai, Chung-Tai Wu
The data article refers to in situ real-time dataset of a rotary desiccant wheel system and description of its experimental design. The original research paper was published in Heliyon , "Optimization of a rotary desiccant wheel for enthalpy recovery of air-conditioning in a humid hospitality environment" [1]. Supplementing to this data article are eight dataset files pertaining to ambient conditions and dehumidified process air outputs, as well as comparisons of experimental and numerical outputs under various operating conditions...
October 2023: Data in Brief
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37571501/improving-the-efficiency-of-fan-coil-units-in-hotel-buildings-through-deep-learning-based-fault-detection
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Iva Matetić, Ivan Štajduhar, Igor Wolf, Sandi Ljubic
Optimizing the performance of heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems is critical in today's energy-conscious world. Fan coil units (FCUs) play a critical role in providing comfort in various environments as an important component of HVAC systems. However, FCUs often experience failures that affect their efficiency and increase their energy consumption. In this context, deep learning (DL)-based fault detection offers a promising solution. By detecting faults early and preventing system failures, the efficiency of FCUs can be improved...
July 27, 2023: Sensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37548561/a-methodology-for-calculating-inhalation-dose-to-public-health-personnel-exposed-to-material-resuspended-from-evacuees-following-the-detonation-of-a-fission-device
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lynn R Anspaugh, John Mauro, Nicole Briggs, Joseph Porrovecchio, William Amann, Adela Salame-Alfie, Armin Ansari
Following a nuclear fission event, there likely would be a large number of contaminated persons who would seek assistance at community reception centers to be established outside the affected area. This paper provides a methodology for calculating inhalation doses to public health and other response personnel at such facilities who would be receiving and assisting potentially contaminated persons from whom particles can be resuspended. Three hypothetical facilities were considered: the Base Case is a rather small room with no forced air ventilation...
August 7, 2023: Health Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37544267/indoor-air-quality-guidelines-from-across-the-world-an-appraisal-considering-energy-saving-health-productivity-and-comfort
#39
REVIEW
Sani Dimitroulopoulou, Marzenna R Dudzińska, Lars Gunnarsen, Linda Hägerhed, Henna Maula, Raja Singh, Oluyemi Toyinbo, Ulla Haverinen-Shaughnessy
Buildings are constructed and operated to satisfy human needs and improve quality of life. Good indoor air quality (IAQ) and thermal comfort are prerequisites for human health and well-being. For their provision, buildings often rely on heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, which may lead to higher energy consumption. This directly impacts energy efficiency goals and the linked climate change considerations. The balance between energy use, optimum IAQ and thermal comfort calls for scientifically solid and well-established limit values for exposures experienced by building occupants in indoor spaces, including homes, schools, and offices...
August 1, 2023: Environment International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37520923/application-of-virtual-product-design-to-the-development-of-hvac-solution-for-incheon-international-airport-modular-covid-19-testing-center
#40
Sun Jong Noh, Mansu Park, Sim Won Chin, Changyoung Choi, Man Yeong Ha
Owing to the spread of COVID-19, the need for an inspection center that can quickly determine whether travelers using the airport are infected has emerged. For rapid determination, not only polymerase chain reaction tests but also antigen-antibody tests and on-site analysis systems are required. However, because it is time- and cost-intensive to construct a building that meets the standards for negative pressure facilities, modular negative pressure facilities are being installed as alternatives. Existing negative pressure facilities have problems such as increased energy consumption due to outdoor air load and condensation due to differences in indoor and outdoor temperatures and humidities caused by excessive external air inflow to achieve the target negative pressure and air change rate (ACH)...
December 2022: Case Stud Chem Environ Eng
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