Bartonella endocarditis

Among patients with pathologically-proven infective endocarditis, the association of pathogen with occurrence of infection-related glomerulonephritis (IRGN) was examined in 48 cases of IRGN and 192 propensity score-matched controls. Bartonella was very strongly associated with IRGN (OR 38.2, 95% C.I. 6.7-718.8, p-value <.001); other microorganisms were not.

We report 9 patients with invasive Bartonella infections, including 5 with endocarditis, who were diagnosed with microbial cell-free DNA next-generation sequencing and Bartonella serology studies. Diagnosis with plasma mcfDNA NGS enabled a faster clinical and laboratory diagnosis in 8 patients. Prompt diagnosis impacted antibiotic management in all 9 patients.

Bartonella quintana is a louse-borne gram-negative bacillus that remains a poorly characterized cause of bacteremia, fever, and infective endocarditis. Due to the link with pediculosis, B quintana transmission is tied to poverty, conflict, overcrowding, and inadequate water access to maintain personal hygiene. Although these risk factors may be present globally, we argue that a substantial burden of undocumented B quintana infection occurs in Africa due to the high prevalence of these risk factors. Here, we describe the neglected burden of B quintana infection, endocarditis, and vector positivity in Africa and evaluate whether B quintana meets criteria to be considered a neglected tropical disease according to the World Health Organization...

We reported a case of blood culture-negative infective endocarditis on a native valve, where the clinical presentation was exclusively related to extensive cerebral ischemia secondary to multiple systemic septic cardioembolic events. The cause was ascribed to subacute Bartonella henselae infection, presumably transmitted by cat scratch, documented by positive serologic findings.

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OBJECTIVES: Bartonella spp., renowned for cat-scratch disease, has limited reports of dissemination. Tissue and blood cultures have limitations in detecting this fastidious pathogen. Molecular testing (polymerase chain reaction, PCR) and cell-free DNA have provided an avenue for diagnoses. This retrospective observational multicenter study describes the incidence of disseminated Bartonella spp. and treatment-related outcomes. METHODS: Inclusion criteria were diagnosis of bartonellosis via diagnosis code, serology testing of blood, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of blood, 16/18S tests of blood or tissue, cultures of blood or tissue, or cell-free DNA of blood or tissue from January 1, 2014, through September 1, 2021...

A 22-year-old man from Guatemala sought care for subacute endocarditis and mycotic brain aneurysm after living in good health in the United States for 15 months. Bartonella rochalimae, a recently described human and canine pathogen, was identified by plasma microbial cell-free DNA testing. The source of infection is unknown.

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Serum anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) positivity with membranoproliferative pattern on renal biopsy can be due to ANCA-associated vasculitis as well as chronic indolent infections. We present the case of an adolescent boy with congenital heart disease and history of cardiac surgery who presented with severe acute kidney injury requiring hemodialysis. Renal biopsy showed membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis with full-house immunofluorescence pattern. Low serum complements, PR3 ANCA positivity and elevated Bartonella immunoglobulin titers suggested a diagnosis of infective endocarditis-associated glomerulonephritis...

The endocardium and cardiac valves undergo severe impact during infective endocarditis (IE), and the formation of vegetation places IE patients at a heightened risk of embolic complications and mortality. The relevant literature indicates that 50% of IE cases exhibit structurally normal cardiac valves, with no preceding history of heart valve disease. Gram-positive cocci emerge as the predominant causative microorganisms in IE, while Gram-negative Bartonella spp., persisting in the endothelium, follow pathogenic pathways distinct from those of typical IE-causing agents...

BACKGROUND Bartonella quintana is a slow-growing gram-negative bacterium that can cause severe culture-negative endocarditis. In many cases, its insidious onset can be difficult to diagnose given the variable symptoms in the early phases of the disease. This delay in detection and thus treatment can cause advanced consequences of the disease, including heart failure and severe pulmonary hypertension. CASE REPORT A 51-year-old man presented to the Emergency Department with signs and symptoms indicating an acute stroke...

BACKGROUND: Infective endocarditis is a life-threatening uncommon infectious disease, and we aimed to explore the clinical utility of venous or arterial blood-based metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) approaches to diagnose left-sided infective endocarditis (LSIE). METHODS: We prospectively studied 79 LSIE patients who received valvular surgery in our hospital. Results of blood culture, valve culture, venous blood-based mNGS, arterial blood-based mNGS, venous blood-based mNGS plus blood culture, and arterial blood-based mNGS plus blood culture were evaluated and compared...

INTRODUCTION: Bartonella quintana is a louse-borne bacterium that remains a neglected cause of endocarditis in low-resource settings. Our understanding of risk factors, clinical manifestations and treatment of B. quintana endocarditis are biased by older studies from high-income countries. METHODS: We searched Pubmed Central, Medline, Scopus, Embase, EBSCO (CABI) Global Health, Web of Science and international trial registers for articles published before March 2023 with terms related to Bartonella quintana endocarditis...

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BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: To describe a rare ocular presentation of a systemic illness and the important lifesaving diagnosis made by a complete eye examination. METHODS: The patient was evaluated with a comprehensive ophthalmic examination and followed closely in the outpatient setting with optical coherence tomography, fluorescein angiography, and color fundus photos. RESULTS: A 66-year-old man presented with acute vision loss of the left eye...

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a rare disease but with high associated mortality. Currently, the mainstays of diagnosis are still echocardiography and blood cultures. Here, we reported a case of infective endocarditis with negative blood cultures, and blood and aortic valve tissue metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) results suggested Bartonella henselae . In addition, we obtained the whole genomic sequence of B. henselae ZJBH strain. To our knowledge, this is the first report of B. henselae genomic analysis isolated from clinic in China...

BACKGROUND: Bartonella spp. are fastidious bacteria frequently identified as the cause of blood culture-negative (BCN) endocarditis. However, Bartonella infections are difficult to diagnose in routine laboratory testing and their incidence is probably underestimated. We investigated the epidemiological and clinical features of Bartonella endocarditis cases diagnosed between 2009 and 2021 on Reunion Island (Southwest Indian Ocean). METHOD: We retrospectively included all patients diagnosed with Bartonella endocarditis at Reunion Island University Hospital during this period...

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