Coagulase negative staph bacteremia

Although coagulase negative staphylococci are rarely associated with complicated diseases, in some cases they cause life-threatening infections. Here we described a clinical case of a bacteremia due to a methicillin- and linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus capitis in a patient previously treated with linezolid. Whole genome sequencing revealed the common mutation G2576T in all rDNA 23S alleles and several acquired resistance genes. Moreover, the isolate was epidemiologically distant from the NRCS-A clade, usually responsible for nosocomial infections in neonatal intensive care units...

BACKGROUND: The Study on the Clinical Use of DAPTOMycin in Spain (DAPTOMISE Study) is a national surveillance program of daptomycin use. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the current variability in daptomycin consumption across the different hospitals and the adequacy of therapy, specially focused on underdosing. METHODS: All adult and pediatric patients who received, at least, one dose of daptomycin in a single week in 98 institutions in Spain were included...

BACKGROUND: Staphyococcus lugudnensis (S. lugdunensis) is one of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species with a potential to cause invasive infections. Few studies have evaluated the characteristics and outcomes of patients with S. lugdunensis bacteremia (SLB) compared with those of patients with Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteremia. METHODS: We performed a single-center retrospective case-control study of patients aged ≥ 18 who had SLB with at least two sets of positive blood cultures at the Kyoto University Hospital, Japan, from January 2005 to June 2022...

BACKGROUND: Sterility and safety assurance of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) products is critical in transplantation. Microbial contamination can lead to product disposal and increases the risk of unsuccessful clinical outcomes. Therefore, it is important to implement and maintain good practice guidelines and regulations for the HSC collection and processing unit in each hospital. We aimed to share our experiences and suggest strategies to improve the quality assurance of HSC processing...

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) infection carries significant morbidity and mortality with bacteremia being a possible marker of device infection. A clinical profile of non- Staphylococcus aureus gram-positive cocci (non-SA GPC) bacteremia in patients with CIED has been limited. OBJECTIVE: To examine characteristics of patients with CIED who developed non-SA GPC bacteremia and risk of CIED infection. METHODS: We reviewed all patients with CIED who developed non-SA GPC bacteremia at the Mayo Clinic between 2012 and 2019...

INTRODUCTION: The world is experiencing a pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2. The prescription of a superfluity of unnecessary antibiotics without regard for the potential for increased antimicrobial resistances is extensive and unimpeded during the COVID-19 pandemic. AIMS: To compare the microorganisms and the pattern of antimicrobial resistance of bacteremia during the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in a tertiary care hospital...

Clinical outcomes of persistent staphylococcal bacteremia vary depending on the causative organism. This secondary data analysis study compared the clinical characteristics of persistent Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus )- and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS)-caused bacteremia, focusing on the methicillin-resistant status. This study used data collected from patients who underwent blood cultures between January 2012 and December 2021 at Tohoku University Hospital, Japan. Patients with persistent staphylococcal bacteremia were divided into groups based on the pathogen and methicillin-resistant status, and their characteristics were analyzed...

Staphylococcus epidermidis infections can be challenging to diagnose due to the species frequent contamination of clinical specimens and indolent course of infection. Nevertheless, S. epidermidis is the major cause of late-onset sepsis among premature infants and of intravascular infection in all age groups. Prior work has shown that bacterial virulence factors, antimicrobial resistances, and strains have up to 80% in-sample accuracy to distinguish hospital from community sources, but are unable to distinguish true bacteremia from blood culture contamination...

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) and especially Staphylococcus epidermidis are responsible for health care infections, notably in the presence of foreign material (e.g., venous or central-line catheters). Catheter-related bacteremia (CRB) increases health care costs and mortality. The aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of 15 days of antibiotic exposure (ceftobiprole, daptomycin, linezolid and vancomycin) at sub-inhibitory concentration on the resistance, fitness and genome evolution of 36 clinical strains of S...

This study aimed to prove that pre-emptive antimicrobial locks in patients at risk of bacteremia decrease infection. We performed a non-randomized prospective pilot study of hemodialysis patients with tunneled central venous catheters. We drew quantitative blood cultures monthly to detect colonization. Patients with a critical catheter colonization by coagulase-negative staphylococci (defined as counts of 100-999 CFU/mL) were at high risk of developing a catheter-related bloodstream infection. We recommended antimicrobial lock for this set of patients...

Background: Secondary bacterial and fungal coinfections have been reported among critically ill coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) patients and are associated with increased disease severity and mortality incidence (MI) rates. Aims: This study aimed to track bacterial and fungal coinfections among COVID-19 patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) and to assess the impact of these infections on disease prognosis and patient outcomes in Jordan. Materials and Methods: This was a single-center study that enrolled 46 ICU patients diagnosed with COVID-19...

Staphylococcus lugdunensis is exceptionally virulent among the coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species, but the clinical significance of single-positive bacteremia of S. lugdunensis remains uncertain. We investigated S. lugdunensis bacteremia cases over 10 years. Of the 49 cases included, 12 had multiple-positive blood cultures and 37 had single-positive blood cultures. Antimicrobial therapy was given to over 80% of both groups, whereas the duration of therapy was significantly longer in the multiple-positive group...

Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a coagulase-negative, Gram-positive, and human pathogenic bacteria. S. lugdunensis is the causative agent of diseases, such as native and prosthetic valve endocarditis, meningitis, septic arthritis, skin abscesses, brain abscess, breast abscesses, spondylodiscitis, post-surgical wound infections, bacteremia, and peritonitis. S. lugdunensis displays resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics due to the production of beta-lactamases. This study aimed to identify potential novel essential, human non-homologous, and non-gut flora drug targets in the S...

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are frequently commensal bacteria that rarely cause disease in mammals. Staphylococcus lugdunensis is an exceptional CoNS that causes disease in humans similar to virulent Staphylococcus aureus, but the factors that enhance the virulence of this bacterium remain ill defined. Here, we used random transposon insertion mutagenesis to identify the agr quorum sensing system as a regulator of hemolysins in S. lugdunensis . Using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), we revealed that agr regulates dozens of genes, including hemolytic <u>S</u>...

BACKGROUND: Whether Candida interacts with Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase negative Staphylococci (CNS) and Enterococci, to enhance their invasive potential from the microbiome of ICU patients remains unclear. Several effective anti-septic, antibiotic, anti-fungal, and non-decontamination based interventions studied for prevention of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) and other ICU acquired infections among patients receiving prolonged mechanical ventilation (MV) are known to variably impact Candida colonization...

Background: Bloodstream infections (BSI) are severe and challenging oncological complications, with a consequent high morbidity and mortality in the immunocompromised. We reviewed the profile and susceptibility of bacteria associated with infections in children under 13 years of age receiving chemotherapy. Methods: Prospective cohort study of pediatric oncology patients was conducted between January 2015 and October 2017 at the Royal Hospital in Oman. Patient demographics, clinical data, laboratory parameters, microbial etiology and susceptibility, and outcomes were retrieved and analyzed...

BACKGROUND: Fever in infants younger than 90 days may reflect a serious bacterial infection, so blood cultures (BC) are taken routinely and the patient is hospitalized. The observation time to detect occult bacteremia is not well established. AIM: To describe type and positivity time of isolated bacteria in blood cultures in infants under 90 days admitted for fever. METHODS: Retrospective, descriptive study. Positive blood cultures taken between 2014-2016 in young infants admitted for fever were included...

Background: Neonatal sepsis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. The aim of this study was to assess admission outcome and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates among neonates with suspected sepsis at the Dessie Comprehensive specialized Hospital (DCSH), Northeastern Ethiopia. Method: Cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2017 to March 2018. Two hundred forty-six neonates were recruited, and each patient's blood specimen was collected aseptically using bottle containing Brain Heart Infusion for blood culture...

Staphylococcus haemolyticus (S. haemolyticus ) constitutes the main part of the human skin microbiota. It is widespread in hospitals and among medical staff, resulting in being an emerging microbe causing nosocomial infections. S. haemolyticus , especially strains that cause nosocomial infections, are more resistant to antibiotics than other coagulase-negative Staphylococci. There is clear evidence that the resistance genes can be acquired by other Staphylococcus species through S. haemolyticus . Severe infections are recorded with S...

Atypical outbreaks of persistent coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) bacteremias, defined as three or more consecutive positive blood cultures with the same CoNS species, at least 48 h apart, have been reported in neonatal intensive-care units (NICUs). Our aim was to describe the profile of these cases in our NICU over a two-year period with the objective of assessing possible changes within a decade. Demographics, clinical and microbiological data were recorded for all CoNS bacteremias in our tertiary NICU during 2016-2017 and compared with the results of the same study in 2006-2007...