keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38459047/a-molecular-t-pentomino-for-separating-btex-hydrocarbons
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christopher J Hartwick, Eric W Reinheimer, Leonard R MacGillivray
Methods to separate molecules (e.g., petrochemicals) are exceedingly important industrially. A common approach for separations is to crystallize a host molecule that either provides an enforced covalent cavity (intrinsic cavity) or packs inefficiently (extrinsic cavity). Here we report a self-assembled molecule with a shape highly biased to completely enclose space and, thereby, pack efficiently yet hosts and allows for the separation of BTEX hydrocarbons (i.e., benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes). The host is held together by N → B bonds and forms a diboron assembly with a shape that conforms to a T-shaped pentomino...
March 8, 2024: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38452631/validation-of-a-human-saliva-model-for-the-determination-of-leachable-monomers-and-other-chemicals-from-dental-materials
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lene A Grutle, Heidi V Holm, Hilde B M Kopperud, Silvio Uhlig
This study aimed to prove the validity of a mixture of chemicals, including salts, small organic molecules, mucin, and α-amylase, as saliva surrogate ("artificial saliva") for assessing leakage of methacrylate monomers and other constituents from dental materials. To achieve this, we developed and validated a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the quantification of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), diurethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), bisphenol A glycerolate dimethacrylate (BisGMA), diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide (TPO), bisphenol A (BPA), and five homologues of ethoxylated bisphenol A dimethacrylate (BisEMA EO2-6) in unstimulated and artificial saliva, and compared their concentrations in the two saliva media following either spiking with a mixture of the compounds or incubation of test specimens of printed biomaterials...
March 1, 2024: Journal of Chromatography. B, Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38448665/reprogramming-of-astrocytes-to-neuronal-like-cells-in-spinal-cord-injury-a-systematic-review
#23
REVIEW
Seyed Danial Alizadeh, Mohammad-Rasoul Jalalifar, Zahra Ghodsi, Mohsen Sadeghi-Naini, Hamid Malekzadeh, Golnoosh Rahimi, Kurosh Mojtabavi, Sina Shool, Zahra Eskandari, Rasoul Masoomi, Sahar Kiani, James Harrop, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar
STUDY DESIGN: A Systematic Review OBJECTIVES: To determine the therapeutic efficacy of in vivo reprogramming of astrocytes into neuronal-like cells in animal models of spinal cord injury (SCI). METHODS: PRISMA 2020 guidelines were utilized, and search engines Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase until June 2023 were used. Studies that examined the effects of converting astrocytes into neuron-like cells with any vector in all animal models were included, while conversion from other cells except for spinal astrocytes, chemical mechanisms to provide SCI models, brain injury population, and conversion without in-vivo experience were excluded...
March 6, 2024: Spinal Cord
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38445740/first-detection-and-absolute-transition-frequencies-in-the-3-0-band-of-d2
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
S Kassi, H Fleurbaey, A Campargue
Three electric quadrupole transitions in the second overtone band of D2 are newly measured by comb-referenced cavity ring down spectroscopy around 1.18 µm. These extremely weak transitions (line intensities smaller than 10-29 cm/molecule) are the first to be detected in the (3-0) band of D2. The spectra of the O(3), O(2), and Q(2) lines near 8321, 8446, and 8607 cm-1, respectively, are recorded at room temperature for pressure values ranging between 100 and 600 Torr. Accurate transition frequencies and line intensities of the three D2 transitions are determined from a line fitting procedure using beyond-Voigt profiles, including strong Dicke narrowing...
March 7, 2024: Journal of Chemical Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38444242/direct-single-molecule-detection-of-coa-sh-and-atp-by-the-membrane-proteins-tmem120a-and-tmem120b
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Changjian Zhao, Mutian Chen, Xiaofeng Liu, Weidan Yuan, Kaiju Li, Yu Wang, Chen Chen, Ming Zhang, Yuhan Dong, Yuling Xiao, Dong Deng, Jia Geng
Membrane proteins are vital resources for developing biosensors. TMEM120A is a membrane protein associated with human pain transmission and lipid metabolism, and recent studies have demonstrated its ability to transport ions and bind to coenzyme A (COA-SH), indicating its potential to develop into a single-molecule sensor based on electrical methods. In this study, we investigated the ion transport properties of TMEM120A and its homolog TMEM120B on an artificial lipid bilayer using single-channel recording...
March 6, 2024: Nanoscale
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38442427/reverse-transcription-of-plasma-derived-hiv-1-rna-generates-multiple-artifacts-through-trna-lys-3-priming
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jarryt Hardy, Els Demecheleer, Marlies Schauvliege, Delfien Staelens, Virginie Mortier, Chris Verhofstede
In vitro reverse transcription of full-length HIV-1 RNA extracted from the blood plasma of people living with HIV-1 remains challenging. Here, we describe the initiation of reverse transcription of plasma-derived viral RNA in the absence of an exogenous primer. Real-time PCR and Sanger sequencing were applied to identify the source and to monitor the outcome of this reaction. Results demonstrated that during purification of viral RNA from plasma, tRNA(Lys-3) is co-extracted in a complex with the viral RNA. In the presence of a reverse transcription enzyme, this tRNA(Lys-3) can induce reverse transcription, a reaction that is not confined to transcription of the 5' end of the viral RNA...
March 5, 2024: Microbiology Spectrum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38440140/genomic-surveillance-of-sars-cov-2-using-long-range-pcr-primers
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sangam Kandel, Susanna L Hartzell, Ashton K Ingold, Grace A Turner, Joshua L Kennedy, David W Ussery
INTRODUCTION: Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is crucial in the surveillance of the COVID-19 pandemic. Several primer schemes have been developed to sequence nearly all of the ~30,000 nucleotide SARS-CoV-2 genome, using a multiplex PCR approach to amplify cDNA copies of the viral genomic RNA. Midnight primers and ARTIC V4.1 primers are the most popular primer schemes that can amplify segments of SARS-CoV-2 (400 bp and 1200 bp, respectively) tiled across the viral RNA genome...
2024: Frontiers in Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38427068/sex-specific-differences-in-icos-t-helper-cell-differentiation-in-systemic-lupus-erythematosus-patients-with-low-disease-activity
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lisa Wu, Florian Kälble, Hanns-Martin Lorenz, Martin Zeier, Matthias Schaier, Andrea Steinborn
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a sex biased chronic autoimmune disease affecting predominantly females during reproductive ages. Changes in the ratio of inducible costimulatory molecule (ICOS)+ regulatory (Treg) and non-regulatory responder (Tresp) CD4+ T cells proved to be crucial for the occurrence of high disease activity. Here, we investigated how the differentiation of ICOS+ CD45RA+ CD31+ recent thymic emigrant (RTE) Tresps into CD45RA- CD31- memory Tresps affects the percentages of ICOS+ Tresps within total CD4+ T cells...
March 1, 2024: Clinical and Experimental Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38426943/parental-brain-through-time-the-origin-and-development-of-the-neural-circuit-of-mammalian-parenting
#29
REVIEW
Kumi O Kuroda, Kansai Fukumitsu, Takuma Kurachi, Nami Ohmura, Yuko Shiraishi, Chihiro Yoshihara
This review consolidates current knowledge on mammalian parental care, focusing on its neural mechanisms, evolutionary origins, and derivatives. Neurobiological studies have identified specific neurons in the medial preoptic area as crucial for parental care. Unexpectedly, these neurons are characterized by the expression of molecules signaling satiety, such as calcitonin receptor and BRS3, and overlap with neurons involved in the reproductive behaviors of males but not females. A synthesis of comparative ecology and paleontology suggests an evolutionary scenario for mammalian parental care, possibly stemming from male-biased guarding of offspring in basal vertebrates...
March 1, 2024: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38426510/a-slow-feature-analysis-approach-for-the-optimization-of-collective-variables
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shuai Gong, Zheng Zheng
Molecular dynamics simulations have become increasingly important in understanding the microscopic mechanisms of various molecular systems. However, the high energy barriers in complicated molecules often make it difficult to observe events of interest within a reasonable timescale. To address this issue, researchers have developed a variety of enhanced sampling methods to explore configuration space by adding bias potentials along the slowly changing collective variables (CVs). In this study, we have developed a new tool that combines slow feature analysis and biasing-enhanced sampling methods to identify effective CVs and enhance the sampling efficiency of configuration space...
March 7, 2024: Journal of Chemical Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38425281/fraping-a-computational-tool-for-detecting-slight-differences-in-fluorescence-recovery-after-photobleaching-frap-data-for-actin-polymerization-analysis
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gabriela Itzetl Medina-Ruíz, Arturo Itzcóatl Medina-Ruiz, Julio Morán
Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) is a laser method of light microscopy to evaluate the rapid movement of fluorescent molecules. To have a more reliable approach to analyze data from FRAP, we designed Fraping, a free access R library to data analysis obtained from FRAP. Unlike other programs, Fraping has a new form of analyzing curves of FRAP using statistical analysis based on the average curve difference. To evaluate our library, we analyzed the differences of actin polymerization in real time between dendrites and secondary neurites of cultured neuron transfected with LifeAct to track F-actin changes of neurites...
March 1, 2024: Microscopy Research and Technique
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38424747/bias-translation-the-final-frontier
#32
REVIEW
Terry Kenakin
Biased signalling is a natural result of GPCR allosteric function and should be expected from any and all synthetic and natural agonists. Therefore, it may be encountered in all agonist discovery projects and must be considered as a beneficial (or possible detrimental) feature of new candidate molecules. While bias is detected easily, the synoptic nature of GPCR signalling makes translation of simple in vitro bias to complex in vivo systems problematic. The practical outcome of this is a difficulty in predicting the therapeutic value of biased signalling due to the failure of translation of identified biased signalling to in vivo agonism...
February 29, 2024: British Journal of Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38407467/photoelectrochemical-driven-nitrogen-reduction-to-ammonia-by-a-v-o-sno-2-tio-2-composite-electrode
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Junbo Ma, Jiangjian Fu, Lan Sun, Jun Cheng, Jian-Feng Li
N2 molecules with the NN triple bond structure are difficult to cleave under mild conditions to achieve the nitrogen fixation reaction. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) catalysis technology combining the advantages of photocatalysis and electrocatalysis provides the possibility of the nitrogen reduction reaction under ambient conditions. Herein, an SnO2 /TiO2 photoelectrode was first fabricated through depositing SnO2 quantum dots on TiO2 nanorod arrays via a simple hydrothermal method. The oxygen vacancy (Vo ) content was then induced in SnO2 through annealing SnO2 /TiO2 at high temperature under an inert atmosphere...
February 26, 2024: Nanoscale
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38404495/enhancing-quantitative-analysis-of-xenobiotics-in-blood-plasma-through-cross-matrix-calibration-and-bayesian-hierarchical-modeling
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nipunika H Godage, Song S Qian, Erasmus Cudjoe, Emanuela Gionfriddo
This study addresses the challenges of matrix effects and interspecies plasma protein binding (PPB) on measurement variability during method validation across diverse plasma types (human, rat, rabbit, and bovine). Accurate measurements of small molecules in plasma samples often require matrix-matched calibration approaches with the use of specific plasma types, which may have limited availability or affordability. To mitigate the costs associated with human plasma measurements, we explore in this work the potential of cross-matrix-matched calibration using Bayesian hierarchical modeling (BHM) to correct for matrix effects associated with PPB...
February 21, 2024: ACS Meas Sci Au
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38402271/single-molecule-rna-sizing-enables-quantitative-analysis-of-alternative-transcription-termination
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gerardo Patiño-Guillén, Jovan Pešović, Marko Panić, Dušanka Savić-Pavićević, Filip Bošković, Ulrich Felix Keyser
Transcription, a critical process in molecular biology, has found many applications in RNA synthesis, including mRNA vaccines and RNA therapeutics. However, current RNA characterization technologies suffer from amplification and enzymatic biases that lead to loss of native information. Here, we introduce a strategy to quantitatively study both transcription and RNA polymerase behaviour by sizing RNA with RNA nanotechnology and nanopores. To begin, we utilize T7 RNA polymerase to transcribe linear DNA lacking termination sequences...
February 24, 2024: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38401639/the-not-so-famous-five-in-tumorigenesis-trnas-trna-fragments-and-trna-epitranscriptome-in-concert-with-aarss-and-aimps
#36
REVIEW
Sutapa Saha, Biyas Mukherjee, Proma Banerjee, Debadrita Das
RNA profiling studies have revealed that ∼75% of the human genome is transcribed to RNA but only a meagre fraction of it is translated to proteins. Majority of transcribed RNA constitute a specialized pool of non-coding RNAs. Human genome contains approximately 506 genes encoding a set of 51 different tRNAs, constituting a unique class of non-coding RNAs that not only have essential housekeeping functions as translator molecules during protein synthesis, but have numerous uncharted regulatory functions...
February 22, 2024: Biochimie
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38401406/residual-effects-of-medications-for-sleep-disorders-on-driving-performance-a-systematic-review-and-network-meta-analysis-of-randomized-controlled-trials-nma-driving-and-hypnotics
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michele Fornaro, Claudio Caiazza, Flavia Rossano, Flavia Cilmi, Michele De Prisco, Eduard Vieta, Trevor Thompson, Marco Solmi, Andre Ferrer Carvalho, Felice Iasevoli, Andrea de Bartolomeis
Sleep medications often carry residual effects potentially affecting driving safety, warranting network meta-analysis (NMA). PubMed/EMBASE/TRID/Clinicaltrials.gov/WHO-ICTRP/WebOfScience were inquired for randomized controlled trials of hypnotic driving studies in persons with insomnia and healthy subjects up to 05/28/2023, considering the vehicle's standard deviation of lateral position - SDLP (Standardized Mean Difference/SMD) and driving impairment rates on the first morning (co-primary outcomes) and endpoint...
February 23, 2024: European Neuropsychopharmacology: the Journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38400924/proteomic-analysis-of-the-mycobacterium-tuberculosis-outer-membrane-for-potential-implications-in-uptake-of-small-molecules
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aseem Palande, Saniya Patil, Anjali Veeram, Soumya Swastik Sahoo, Tejan Lodhiya, Pankaj Maurya, Balaji Muralikrishnan, Jeetender Chugh, Raju Mukherjee
Increased resistance to current antimycobacterial agents and a potential bias toward relatively hydrophobic chemical entities highlight an urgent need to understand how current anti-TB drugs enter the tubercle bacilli. While inner membrane proteins are well-studied, how small molecules cross the impenetrable outer membrane remains unknown. Here, we employed mass spectrometry-based proteomics to show that octyl-β-d-glucopyranoside selectively extracts the outer membrane proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ...
February 24, 2024: ACS Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38395971/anomalously-bright-single-molecule-upconversion-electroluminescence
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yang Luo, Fan-Fang Kong, Xiao-Jun Tian, Yun-Jie Yu, Shi-Hao Jing, Chao Zhang, Gong Chen, Yang Zhang, Yao Zhang, Xiao-Guang Li, Zhen-Yu Zhang, Zhen-Chao Dong
Efficient upconversion electroluminescence is highly desirable for a broad range of optoelectronic applications, yet to date, it has been reported only for ensemble systems, while the upconversion electroluminescence efficiency remains very low for single-molecule emitters. Here we report on the observation of anomalously bright single-molecule upconversion electroluminescence, with emission efficiencies improved by more than one order of magnitude over previous studies, and even stronger than normal-bias electroluminescence...
February 23, 2024: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38381835/helical-vasculogenesis-driven-by-cell-chirality
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haokang Zhang, Tasnif Rahman, Shuhan Lu, Alejandro Pablo Adam, Leo Q Wan
The cellular helical structure is well known for its crucial role in development and disease. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism governing this phenomenon remains largely unexplored, particularly in recapitulating it in well-controlled engineering systems. Leveraging advanced microfluidics, we present compelling evidence of the spontaneous emergence of helical endothelial tubes exhibiting robust right-handedness governed by inherent cell chirality. To strengthen our findings, we identify a consistent bias toward the same chirality in mouse vascular tissues...
February 23, 2024: Science Advances
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