keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38432909/development-of-a-potential-modulated-electrochemiluminescence-measurement-system-for-selective-and-sensitive-determination-of-the-controlled-drug-codeine
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fumiki Takahashi, Yuki Shimosaka, Shuki Mori, Mayu Kaneko, Yuta Harayama, Kanya Kobayashi, Taku Shoji, Yasuo Seto, Hirosuke Tatsumi, Jiye Jin
Codeine is a common analgesic drug that is a pro-drug of morphine. It also has a high risk of abuse as a recreational drug because of its extensive distribution as an OTC drug. Therefore, sensitive and selective screening methods for codeine are crucial in forensic analytical chemistry. To date, a commercial analytical kit has not been developed for dedicated codeine determination, and there is a need for an analytical method to quantify codeine in the field. In the present work, potential modulation was combined with electrochemiluminescence (ECL) for sensitive determination of codeine...
2024: Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38411087/evaluation-of-an-automated-feedback-intervention-to-improve-antibiotic-prescribing-among-primary-care-physicians-open-stewardship-a-multinational-controlled-interrupted-time-series-study
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jean-Paul R Soucy, Marcelo Low, Kamal R Acharya, Moriah Ellen, Anette Hulth, Sonja Löfmark, Gary E Garber, William Watson, Jacob Moran-Gilad, Nadav Davidovitch, Tamar Amar, Janine McCready, Matthew Orava, John S Brownstein, Kevin A Brown, David N Fisman, Derek R MacFadden
Tools to advance antimicrobial stewardship in the primary health care setting, where most antimicrobials are prescribed, are urgently needed. The aim of this study was to evaluate OPEN Stewarship (Online Platform for Expanding aNtibiotic Stewardship), an automated feedback intervention, among a cohort of primary care physicians. We performed a controlled, interrupted time-series study of 32 intervention and 725 control participants, consisting of primary care physicians from Ontario, Canada and Southern Israel, from October 2020 to December 2021...
February 27, 2024: Microbiology Spectrum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38409744/a-real-life-experience-of-long-term-use-of-pilocarpine-in-irradiated-head-and-neck-cancer-patients
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rungarun Kittichet, Imjai Chitapanarux, Kittikun Kittidachanan, Patumrat Sripan
AIMS: To assess long-term efficacy and side effects of pilocarpine on irradiated head and neck cancer (HNC) patients in both for prevention and treatment of radiation-induced xerostomia (RIX). METHODS: Retrospective observational study was conducted. Eligibility criteria included irradiated HNC patients who received pilocarpine at least 12 weeks either for prevention (group A) or for treatment (group B) of RIX. We collected the documented Late Effect Normal Tissue Task Force-Subjective, Objective, Management, Analytics subjective/objective grades of RIX before (only group B) and the latest visit for pilocarpine prescription, dosage, side effects, duration of treatment, and the cause of discontinuation...
February 26, 2024: Oral Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38407147/safety-profile-of-selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitors-in-real-world-settings-a-pharmacovigilance-study-based-on-fda-adverse-event-reporting-system
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yi Zhao, Yuzhou Zhang, Lin Yang, Kanghuai Zhang, Sha Li
BACKGROUND: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most frequently prescribed agents to treat depression. Considering the growth in antidepressant prescription rates, SSRI-induced adverse events (AEs) need to be comprehensively clarified. OBJECTIVE: This study was to investigate safety profiles and potential AEs associated with SSRIs using the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). METHODS: A retrospective pharmacovigilance analysis was conducted using the FAERS database, with Open Vigil 2...
February 26, 2024: Annals of Pharmacotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38395539/optimal-strategies-to-improve-uptake-of-and-adherence-to-hiv-prevention-among-young-people-at-risk-for-hiv-acquisition-in-the-usa-atn-149-a-randomised-controlled-factorial-trial
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dallas Swendeman, Mary Jane Rotheram-Borus, Elizabeth Mayfield Arnold, Maria Isabel Fernández, Walter Scott Comulada, Sung-Jae Lee, Manuel A Ocasio, Kelsey Ishimoto, William Gertsch, Naihua Duan, Cathy J Reback, Debra A Murphy, Katherine A Lewis
BACKGROUND: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), condom use, post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), and sexual partner reduction help to prevent HIV acquisition but have low uptake among young people. We aimed to assess the efficacy of automated text messaging and monitoring, online peer support, and strengths-based telehealth coaching to improve uptake of and adherence to PrEP, condom use, and PEP among adolescents aged 12-24 years at risk of HIV acquisition in Los Angeles, CA, USA, and New Orleans, LA, USA...
March 2024: The Lancet. Digital health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38391537/antimicrobial-agent-use-for-urinary-tract-infection-in-long-term-care-facilities-in-spain-results-from-a-retrospective-analytical-cohort-analysis
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Priscila Matovelle, Bárbara Olivan-Blázquez, Rosa Magallón-Botaya, Ana García-Sangenís, Ramon Monfà, Rosa Morros, Alicia Navarro Sanmartín, Jesús Mateos-Nozal, Carmen Sáez Bejar, Consuelo Rodríguez Jiménez, Elena López Pérez, Carl Llor
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are highly prevalent in long-term care facilities, constituting the most common infection in this setting. Our research focuses on analyzing clinical characteristics and antimicrobial prescriptions for UTIs in residents across nursing homes (NH) in Spain. This is a retrospective analytical cohort analysis using a multifaceted approach based on the normalization process theory to improve healthcare quality provided by nursing staff in 34 NHs in Spain. In this study, we present the results of the first audit including 719 UTI cases collected between February and April 2023, with an average age of 85...
February 3, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38384648/non-compliance-of-spectacle-wear-in-school-going-children-with-refractive-errors
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Muhammad Irtza, Rabiah Mahwish, Muhammad Mohamin, Muhammad Shaheer Afzal, Muhammad Qasim Ali, Muhammad Shaheer Waqar
Background Uncorrected refractive errors are the most common cause of avoidable visual impairment in children worldwide. The school screening of refractive errors is one of the most important initiatives outlined in WHO Vision 2020 targets for control of avoidable visual impairment in children. However, the benefit depends on the compliance of the spectacle worn by children. Objective To determine non-compliance of spectacle wear and its predisposing factors among school-going children in Lahore, Pakistan. Methods This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 200 school-going children (5-16 years), with spectacle prescription for at least the last six months studying in primary and secondary schools of Lahore, by using convenience sampling...
January 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38379883/measuring-the-unmeasurable-multidimensional-poverty-for-economic-development-datasets-algorithms-and-models-from-the-poorest-region-of-luzon-philippines
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emmanuel A Onsay, Jomar F Rabajante
Poverty is the oldest social problem that ever existed and is difficult to reverse. It is multidimensional and unmeasurable. Thus, measuring by decomposing rural multidimensional poverty is critical. Most poverty studies are usually generic, exposed to large sampling errors, and intended for macroeconomic decisions. Thus, measuring poverty for a specific locality with various configurations is crucial for economic development. This work presents a processed and analyzed dataset from a huge community-based monitoring system of Goa, Camarines Sur...
April 2024: Data in Brief
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38375037/jiawei-kongsheng-zhenzhong-pill-marker-compounds-absorption-into-the-serum-rat-and-q-markers-identified-by-uplc-q-tof-ms-ms
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qiaolan Wu, Chunxue Ou, Jiayun Wang, Xiaolin Wu, Zu Gao, Yue Zhao, Guangying Lu, Zhichun Wu, Huayun Yu
Background: The Jiawei Kongsheng Zhenzhong pill (JKZP), a Chinese herbal prescription comprised of eight Chinese crude drugs, has been historically employed to treat neurological and psychological disorders. Nevertheless, the ambiguous material basis severely hindered its progress and application. Purpose: The current study aimed to establish a rapid analytical method for identifying the chemical components of the JKZP aqueous extract and the components absorbed into the rat serum to investigate the quality markers (Q-markers) responsible for the neuroprotective effects of JKZP...
2024: Frontiers in Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38370031/reimagining-medication-adherence-a-novel-holistic-model-for-hypertension-therapy
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christian Schäfer
PURPOSE: Patients' adherence to the prescribed therapy is influenced by several personal and social factors. However, existing studies have mostly focused on individual aspects. We took a holistic approach to develop a higher-level impact factor model. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this independent, non-interventional, cross-sectional and anonymous study design the pharmacist recruited patients who entered the pharmacy and handed in a prescription for a blood pressure medication...
2024: Patient Preference and Adherence
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38367746/heartburn-relief-is-the-major-unmet-need-for-drug-development-in-gastroesophageal-reflux-disease-threshold-value-analysis
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eric D Shah, Michael A Curley, Amit Patel, Wai-Kit Lo, Walter W Chan
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Heartburn symptoms contribute to healthcare-seeking among patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Despite clinical guidance, management is often dictated by insurance restrictions. Several potassium-competitive acid blockers (PCAB) are under development as a new class of therapy. We performed economic analyses to align GERD drug development with the needs of gastroenterologists, insurers and patients in a value-based environment. METHODS: A decision-analytic model was constructed to compare vonoprazan 20mg daily (an example of a potassium-competitive acid blocker[PCAB]), common over-the-counter or prescription proton pump inhibitor (PPI) regimens, and no treatment over a one-year time horizon...
February 15, 2024: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38362139/first-deployment-of-artificial-intelligence-recommendations-in-orthopedic-surgery
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Farid Al Zoubi, Koorosh Kashanian, Paul Beaule, Pascal Fallavollita
Scant research has delved into the non-clinical facets of artificial intelligence (AI), concentrating on leveraging data to enhance the efficiency of healthcare systems and operating rooms. Notably, there is a gap in the literature regarding the implementation and outcomes of AI solutions. The absence of published results demonstrating the practical application and effectiveness of AI in domains beyond clinical settings, particularly in the field of surgery, served as the impetus for our undertaking in this area...
2024: Frontiers in artificial intelligence
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38357885/exposure-to-neighborhood-violence-and-gun-carrying-among-adolescents-in-the-united-states-findings-from-a-population-based-study
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Philip Baiden, Yangjin Park, Catherine A LaBrenz, Saltanat Childress
Although studies have investigated and found an association between victimization and weapon carrying, few studies have examined the association between exposure to neighborhood violence (NV) and gun carrying among adolescents. The objective of this study was to examine the cross-sectional association between exposure to NV and gun carrying among adolescents. Data for this study came from the 2021 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. An analytic sample of 17,033 adolescents aged 14 to 18 years old (51.7% male) was analyzed using logistic regression with complementary log-log link function...
February 15, 2024: Journal of Interpersonal Violence
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38357742/convolutional-neuronal-network-for-identifying-single-cell-platelet-platelet-aggregates-in-human-whole-blood-using-imaging-flow-cytometry
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Broder Poschkamp, Sander Bekeschus
Imaging flow cytometry is an attractive method to investigate individual cells by optical properties. However, imaging flow cytometry applications with clinical relevance are scarce so far. Platelet aggregation naturally occurs during blood coagulation to form a clot. However, aberrant platelet aggregation is associated with cardiovascular disease under steady-state conditions in the blood. Several types of so-called antiplatelet drugs are frequently described to reduce the risk of stroke or cardiovascular diseases...
February 15, 2024: Cytometry. Part A: the Journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38350290/espen-practical-short-micronutrient-guideline
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mette M Berger, Alan Shenkin, Oguzhan Sıtkı Dizdar, Karin Amrein, Marc Augsburger, Hans-Konrad Biesalski, Stephan C Bischoff, Michael P Casaer, Kursat Gundogan, Hanna-Liis Lepp, Angélique M E de Man, Giovanna Muscogiuri, Magdalena Pietka, Loris Pironi, Serge Rezzi, Anna Schweinlin, Cristina Cuerda
BACKGROUND: Trace elements and vitamins, named together micronutrients (MNs), are essential for human metabolism. The importance of MNs in common pathologies is recognized by recent research, with deficiencies significantly impacting the outcome. OBJECTIVE: This short version of the guideline aims to provide practical recommendations for clinical practice. METHODS: An extensive search of the literature was conducted in the databases Medline, PubMed, Cochrane, Google Scholar, and CINAHL for the initial guideline...
March 2024: Clinical Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38346084/prescription-drug-coverage-and-effective-coverage-of-three-chronic-conditions-of-high-prevalence-in-chile-hypertension-diabetes-and-dyslipidemia
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Isabel Matute, Carla Castillo-Laborde
BACKGROUND: Access to medicines is a serious problem globally and in Chile. Despite the creation of coverage policies, part of the population with chronic conditions of high prevalence, still does not have access to the medicines it requires and disease control continues to be low. The objective of the study was to estimate the medication use and effective coverage for diabetes, dyslipidemia and hypertension in Chile, analyzing them according to sociodemographic variables and social determinants of health...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38331758/utilization-quality-and-spending-for-pediatric-medicaid-enrollees-with-primary-care-in-health-centers-vs-non-health-centers
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna Volerman, Bradley Carlson, Wen Wan, Manoradhan Murugesan, Nour Asfour, Joshua Bolton, Marshall H Chin, Alek Sripipatana, Robert S Nocon
BACKGROUND: Limited research has explored the performance of health centers (HCs) compared to other primary care settings among children in the United States. We evaluated utilization, quality, and expenditures for pediatric Medicaid enrollees receiving care in HCs versus non-HCs. METHODS: This national cross-sectional study utilized 2012 Medicaid Analytic eXtract (MAX) claims to examine children 0-17 years with a primary care visit, stratified by whether majority (> 50%) of primary care visits were at HCs or non-HCs...
February 8, 2024: BMC Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38329665/developing-a-gc-ei-ms-ms-method-for-quantifying-warfarin-and-five-hydroxylated-metabolites-generated-by-the-fenton-reaction
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wipert Jannik von Törne, Urszula-Anna Klyk-Seitz, Christian Piechotta
Since the 1950s, Warfarin has been used globally as both a prescription drug and a rodenticide. Research has shown that warfarin and other rodenticides are present in the environment and food chain. However, emerging contaminants are subject to degradation by biotic and abiotic processes and advanced oxidation processes. In some cases, detecting the parent compound may not be possible due to the formation of structurally changed species. This approach aims to identify hydroxylated transformation products of warfarin in a laboratory setting, even after the parent compound has undergone degradation...
February 8, 2024: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38305487/identification-and-characterization-of-the-chemical-constituents-of-qianlie-shule-capsules-by-uplc-q-orbitrap-ms-ms
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Huimin Liu, Nie Jiaxuan, Yue Zhang, Jiayi Wang, Lili Song, Yubo Li
BACKGROUND: Qianlie Shule capsules is a classical Chinese medicine compound preparation that is frequently used in therapeutic settings to alleviate astringent pain in the urethra, prostatic hypertrophy, and chronic prostatitis or urinary frequency. However, a comprehensive analysis of the chemical composition of Qianlie Shule capsules has not been reported. OBJECTIVE: To establish a quick and effective analytical method based on hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS) for the identification and characterisation of chemical components in Qianlie Shule capsules...
February 1, 2024: Journal of AOAC International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38300772/virtual-shape-editing-of-patient-specific-vascular-models-using-regularized-kelvinlets
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jonathan Pham, Fanwei Kong, Doug L James, Alison L Marsden
OBJECTIVE: Cardiovascular diseases, and the interventions performed to treat them, can lead to changes in the shape of patient vasculatures and their hemodynamics. Computational modeling and simulations of patient-specific vascular networks are increasingly used to quantify these hemodynamic changes, but they require modifying the shapes of the models. Existing methods to modify these shapes include editing 2D lumen contours prescribed along vessel centerlines and deforming meshes with geometry-based approaches...
February 1, 2024: IEEE Transactions on Bio-medical Engineering
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