Rheumatic heart disease children risk factor

Caring for children and mothers suffering from cardiac disease is highly challenging, with issues including late diagnosis as well as inadequate infrastructure and supply of drugs. We aimed to evaluate maternal outcomes among pregnant women suffering from heart disease with a live birth, and explored the risk factors for fetal growth restriction among these patients. A retrospective study was performed at the National Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Hanoi, Vietnam) over a 3-year period from 2014 to 2016...

BACKGROUND: It has been shown that mitral valve repair is superior to mechanical replacement in children with rheumatic heart disease; however there are limited data on the factors affecting the long-term durability of repaired mitral valves. This study describes outcomes after rheumatic mitral valve repair, with adaptation of a risk score to clarify some novel predictors of repair instability. METHODS: A total of 79 children (median age, 11.4 years) with rheumatic heart disease underwent their first mitral valve surgery between 1997 and 2015...

Acute rheumatic fever (ARF), an auto-immune response to a group A Streptococcus infection and precursor to rheumatic heart disease (RHD), remains endemic in many socio-economically disadvantaged settings. A Global Resolution on ARF and RHD was recently adopted at the 71st World Health Assembly where governments committed to improving efforts to prevent and control ARF and RHD. To inform these efforts, the objectives of this study were to examine associations between childhood ARF in the UK between 1958 and 1969 and a range of environmental and social factors...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the risk of long-term cardiovascular disease (CVD) among children born following in vitro fertilization (IVF) and compared with spontaneous pregnancies. STUDY DESIGN: A population-based cohort study including all singleton deliveries occurring between 1991and 2014 at a tertiary medical center was performed. Hospitalizations up to the age of 18 years involving CVD were evaluated in children delivered following IVF, ovulation induction, and spontaneous pregnancies...

Infective endocarditis is a rare disease in children, and it can result in significant morbidity and mortality. The epidemiology of infective endocarditis in children has shifted in recent years with less rheumatic heart disease, more congenital heart disease survival, and increased use of central venous catheters in children with chronic illness. Less commonly, infective endocarditis occurs in children with no preexisting cardiac disease or other known risk factors. We present a "case of" 10 year-old girl with no known cardiac disease or any other risk factors who was diagnosed with infective endocarditis according to modified Duke criteria...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether early term delivery (at 370/7 -386/7 weeks of gestation) is associated with long-term pediatric cardiovascular morbidity of the offspring. STUDY DESIGN: A population-based cohort analysis was performed including all term deliveries occurring between 1991 and 2014 at a single tertiary medical center. Gestational age at delivery was subdivided into early term (370/7 -386/7 ), full term (390/7 -406/7 ), late term (410/7 -416/7 ) and post term (≥420/7 ) delivery...

BACKGROUND: Screening echocardiography has emerged as a potentially powerful tool for early diagnosis of rheumatic heart disease (RHD). The utility of screening echocardiography hinges on the rate of RHD progression and the ability of penicillin prophylaxis to improve outcome. We report the longitudinal outcomes of a cohort of children with latent RHD and identify risk factors for unfavorable outcomes. METHODS: This was a prospective natural history study conducted under the Ugandan RHD registry...

CONTEXT AND AIMS: The advent of systematic screening for rheumatic heart disease (RHD) by echocardiography in endemic regions has led to a new entity: borderline RHD. The pathogenicity and natural history of borderline RHD needs to be addressed. The aim of this study was to assess the outcomes of children detected by echocardiography as having borderline RHD. METHODS: Schoolchildren in 4th grade (i.e., aged 9-10years) who were prospectively echo-screened for RHD (2012-2014) in Nouméa, New Caledonia, were asked to participate...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether dental caries, as an indicator of cumulative exposure to sugar, is associated with the incidence of acute rheumatic fever and chronic rheumatic heart disease, in Māori and Pacific children aged 5 and 6 years at their first dental visit. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cohort study was undertaken which linked school dental service records of caries with national hospital discharge and mortality records. Cox models were used to investigate the strength of the association between dental caries and rheumatic fever incidence...

OBJECTIVES: To compare regional differences in the prevalence of rheumatic heart disease (RHD) detected by echocardiographic screening in high-risk Indigenous Australian children, and to describe the logistical and other practical challenges of RHD screening. DESIGN: Cross-sectional screening survey performed between September 2008 and November 2010. SETTING: Thirty-two remote communities in four regions of northern and central Australia. PARTICIPANTS: 3946 Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander children aged 5-15 years...

OBJECTIVE: The burden of cardiac disease in childhood is unknown. It will be a sum of 1% of living births in the general population, suffering from Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) + approximately 2.5% of the general population suffering from bicuspid aortic valve diseases + an unknown higher prevalence of acquired diseases. Cardiomyopathies, arrhythmias - sudden cardiac death (SCD), rheumatic heard disease, hypertension and accelerating atherosclerosis are among the most frequent. Adding on, genetic syndromes including cardiac defects, endocarditis and myocarditis we can address a large pediatric population worldwide, suffering from heart disease...

UNLABELLED: Aim Rheumatic heart disease is an inflammatory disease of cardiac tissue. The underlying pathogenic mechanisms highlight a complex interplay of immunological, genetic, and environmental factors. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether IL-4 (intron 3) and IL-10 (-1082) gene polymorphisms could be associated with susceptibility and/or severity of rheumatic heart disease among patients from the Egyptian population. Materials and methods A cohort of 140 Egyptian children with rheumatic heart disease and 100 healthy controls were enrolled in this case-control study...

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) remains highly prevalent in resource-constrained settings around the world, including countries with high rates of HIV/AIDS. Although both are immune-mediated diseases, it is unknown whether HIV modifies the risk or progression of RHD. We performed screening echocardiography to determine the prevalence of latent RHD in 488 HIV-infected children aged 5-18 in Kampala, Uganda. The overall prevalence of borderline/definite RHD was 0.82% (95% confidence interval: 0.26% to 2.23%), which is lower than the published prevalence rates of 1...

INTRODUCTION: Infective endocarditis is an infection of the endocardial lining of the heart mainly associated with congenital and rheumatic heart disease. Although it is a rare disease in children, it is associated with high morbidity and mortality; death due to infective endocarditis has been reported to be as high as 26% in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS: This was a retrospective review of routinely collected data from patient records. RESULTS: A total of 40 children (71% female) with 41 episodes of infective endocarditis admitted to a general paediatric ward in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia between 2008 and 2013...

BACKGROUND: Group A streptococci (GAS) and other β-hemolytic streptococci (BHS) cause pharyngitis, severe invasive disease and serious nonsuppurative sequelae including rheumatic heart disease and post streptococcal glomerulonephritis. The aim of this study was to assess carriage rates and anti-streptococcal C5a peptidase (anti-SCP) IgG levels and identify epidemiologic factors related to carriage or seropositivity in Australian children. METHODS: A throat swab and blood sample were collected for microbiological and serological analysis (anti-SCP IgG) in 542 healthy children aged 0-10 years...

BACKGROUND: There is increasing use of portable echocardiography as a screening test for rheumatic heart disease (RHD). The prevalence of valvular regurgitation in healthy populations as determined using portable echocardiography has not been well defined. Minimal echocardiographic criteria for RHD have recently been clarified, but the overlap of normal and abnormal valvular regurgitation warrants further study. The aim of this study was to determine the spectrum of echocardiographic findings using portable echocardiography in children from a population with low prevalence of RHD...

Cardiac involvement in pediatric systemic autoimmune diseases has a wide spectrum of presentation ranging from asymptomatic to severe clinically overt involvement. Coronary artery disease, pericardial, myocardial, valvular and rythm disturbances are the most common causes of heart lesion in pediatric systemic autoimmune diseases and cannot be explained only by the traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Therefore, chronic inflammation has been considered as an additive causative factor of cardiac disease in these patients...

BACKGROUND: Scabies is recognised as a major public health problem in many countries, and is responsible for significant morbidity due to secondary bacterial infection of the skin causing impetigo, abscesses and cellulitis, that can in turn lead to serious systemic complications such as septicaemia, kidney disease and, potentially, rheumatic heart disease. Despite the apparent burden of disease in many countries, there have been few large-scale surveys of scabies prevalence or risk factors...

BACKGROUND: Rheumatic Fever (RF) and Kawasaki Disease (KD) are the two leading causes of childhood acquired heart disease in developed countries. AIM: The objective of this paper is to characterize the epidemiologic changes and estimate the incidence rate of RF and KD among children in Israel in the past two decades. METHODS: Using the Israel National Hospital Discharges Register (NHDR), we investigated the epidemiologic features of RF and KD among children in Israel under 18 years of age, between the years 1996 and 2012...

OBJECTIVE: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have been highlighted as a major public health issue in the Southeast (SE) Asian region. One of the major socio-environmental factors that are considered to be associated with such a rise in NCDs is urbanization. Urbanization is associated with behavioural changes such as eating an unhealthy diet, and a decrease in physical activities, which may result in associated obesity. The SE Asian region also has a substantive burden of infectious disease such as HIV and malaria, which may modify associations between urbanization and development of NCDs...