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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniela Filakovska Bobakova, Zuzana Dankulincova Veselska
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to compare selected early childhood health risks and health outcomes of children from marginalized Roma communities (MRCs) in Slovakia with those of the majority. METHODS: We obtained cross-sectional data from mother-child dyads from the majority (N = 109) and MRCs (N = 143) via questionnaires and from medical records. Socioeconomic status, health risks and health outcomes were compared using chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests in SPSS...
2024: International Journal of Public Health
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karen Webster-Kerr, Andriene Grant, Ardene Harris, Romae Thorpe, Daidre Rowe, Deborah Henningham, Tanielle Mullings, Iyanna Wellington, Jovan Wiggan, Kelly Ann Gordon-Johnson, Carol Lord, Tonia Dawkins-Beharie, Jemma Azille-Lewis, Jacqueline Duncan
OBJECTIVES: To describe the characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 cases in Jamaica and to explore the risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 from 9 March to 31 December 2020. METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis of national surveillance data was conducted using confirmed COVID-19 cases in Jamaica. Definitions of a confirmed case, disease severity, and death were based on World Health Organization guidelines. Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used to determine association with outcomes...
2024: Pan American Journal of Public Health
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vikash Kumar, Xavier Sabaté-Cadenas, Isha Soni, Esther Stern, Carine Vias, Doron Ginsberg, Carlos Romá-Mateo, Rafael Pulido, Martin Dodel, Faraz K Mardakheh, Alena Shkumatava, Eitan Shaulian
Cancer cells employ adaptive mechanisms to survive various stressors, including genotoxic drugs. Understanding the factors promoting survival is crucial for developing effective treatments. In this study, we unveil a previously unexplored long non-coding RNA, JUNI (JUN-DT, LINC01135), which is upregulated by genotoxic drugs through the activation of stress-activated MAPKs, JNK, and p38 and consequently exerts positive control over the expression of its adjacent gene product c-Jun, a well-known oncoprotein, which transduces signals to multiple transcriptional outputs...
April 2, 2024: Oncogene
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ionut Dragos Capraru, Catalin Marian, Dan Dumitru Vulcanescu, Sonia Tanasescu, Tiberiu Liviu Dragomir, Teodora Daniela Marti, Casiana Boru, Cecilia Roberta Avram, Monica Susan, Cristian Sebastian Vlad
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately affected vulnerable populations like Roma patients in Western Romania due to marginalization and limited healthcare access. METHODS: A retrospective study analyzed COVID-19 cases between March 2020 and August 2022 using data from the Directorate of Public Health in Timis county. Demographic, epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory data were assessed, along with risk factors and biomarkers for ICU admission and mortality prediction...
March 12, 2024: Viruses
#5
REVIEW
Takahiro Matsuyama, Brittany Marie Salter, Nahal Emami Fard, Kentaro Machida, Roma Sehmi
Eosinophilic asthma is the most prevalent and well-defined phenotype of asthma. Despite a majority of patients responding to corticosteroid therapy and T2 biologics, there remains a subset that have recurrent asthma exacerbations, highlighting a need for additional therapies to fully ameliorate airway eosinophilia. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) are considered key players in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic asthma through the production of copious amounts of type 2 cytokines, namely IL-5 and IL-13. ILC2 numbers are increased in the airways of asthmatics and with the greatest numbers of activated ILC2 detected in sputa from severe prednisone-dependent asthma with uncontrolled eosinophilia...
February 29, 2024: Biomolecules
#6
REVIEW
Stefanos N Sampatakakis, Maria Roma, Nikolaos Scarmeas
Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) has been described as a probable early stage of dementia, as it has consistently appeared to precede the onset of objective cognitive impairment. SCD is related to many risk factors, including genetic predisposition for dementia. The Apolipoprotein (APOE) ε4 allele, which has been thoroughly studied, seems to explain genetic risk for SCD only partially. Therefore, we aimed to summarize existing data regarding genetic factors related to SCD, beyond APOE ε4, in order to improve our current understanding of SCD...
March 2, 2024: Current Issues in Molecular Biology
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joshua Toloui-Wallace, Roma Forbes, Oliver P Thomson, Nathalia Costa
BACKGROUND: Chiropractors, osteopaths and physiotherapists (COPs) can assess and manage musculoskeletal conditions with similar manual or physical therapy techniques. This overlap in scope of practice raises questions about the boundaries between the three professions. Clinical settings where they are co-located are one of several possible influences on professional boundaries and may provide insight into the nature of these boundaries and how they are managed by clinicians themselves...
March 15, 2024: BMC Health Services Research
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Janine Dretzke, Carla Hobart, Anamika Basu, Lauren Ahyow, Ahimza Nagasivam, David J Moore, Roger Gajraj, Anjana Roy
BACKGROUND: People in underserved groups have higher rates of tuberculosis (TB) and poorer treatment outcomes compared with people with no social risk factors. OBJECTIVES: This scoping review aimed to identify interventions that improve TB treatment adherence or completion rates. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Studies of any design focusing on interventions to improve adherence or completion of TB treatment in underserved populations in low incidence countries...
March 11, 2024: BMJ Open
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pratibha Garg, Nipun Verma, Archana Angrup, Neelam Taneja, Arun Valsan, Venkata D Reddy, Jayant Agarwal, Roma Chaudhary, Parminder Kaur, Sahaj Rathi, Arka De, Madhumita Premkumar, Sunil Taneja, Ajay Duseja
BACKGROUND/AIMS: This study delved into cirrhosis-related infections to unveil their epidemiology, risk factors, and implications for antimicrobial decisions. METHODS: We analyzed acutely decompensated cirrhosis patients (n = 971) from North India between 2013-2023 at a tertiary center. Microbiological and clinical features based on infection sites (EASL criteria) and patient outcomes were assessed. RESULTS: Median age was 45 years; 87% were males with 47% having alcoholic hepatitis...
2024: Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haruno McCartney, Ashleigh Main, Maryam Ibrar, Harleen Kaur Rai, Natalie McFayden Weir, Roma Maguire
BACKGROUND: Chronic pain is a highly prevalent condition and one of the most common reasons why people seek health care. As a result, chronic pain has a significant personal and economic burden. The COVID-19 pandemic has aggravated the situation for patients with chronic pain through increased risk factors (eg, anxiety or depression) as well as decreased access to health care. Digital health solutions to support people with chronic pain are becoming increasingly popular. Most of the research has focused on patient-facing digital health solutions, although it is clear that the involvement of health and care professionals is crucial in chronic pain care...
March 5, 2024: JMIR Research Protocols
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elena Sheldon, Naseeb Ezaydi, Melanie Ditmore, Olga Fuseini, Rachel Ainley, Kerry Robinson, Daniel Hind, Alan J Lobo
INTRODUCTION: Involving people with lived experience is fundamental to healthcare development and delivery. This is especially true for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) services, where holistic and personalised models of care are becoming increasingly important. There is, however, a significant lack of representation of underserved and diverse groups in IBD research, and there are significant barriers to healthcare access and utilisation among minority groups in IBD. IBD centres need to be aware of these experiences to address barriers via service changes, improve interactions with local communities and promote meaningful engagement for improved health outcomes...
April 2024: Health Expectations: An International Journal of Public Participation in Health Care and Health Policy
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maciej Kabat, Roma Padalkar, Sara Hazaveh, Vladimir Joseph, David Feigenblum, Sean Sadikot
Capecitabine, a pro-drug of 5-fluorouracil, is commonly used in the treatment of breast and colorectal cancer. Its side effects, including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fatigue, loss of appetite, and bone marrow suppression, are well recognized. However, coronary vasospasm represents a less commonly recognized but significant complication of fluoropyrimidine-based therapies such as capecitabine. Proposed mechanisms for this adverse effect complication include direct endothelium-independent vasoconstriction, activation of protein kinase C, and activation of the cyclooxygenase pathway...
February 27, 2024: Cardio-Oncology
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Enrique Ortega, María Dolores Ocete, María Martínez-Roma, Concepción Gimeno, Neus Gómez, Moisés Diago, Alba Carrodeguas, Diogo Medina, Miguel García-Deltoro
Our study assessed the characteristics of people living with HIV (PLWH) detected via opportunistic screening in Valencia (Spain) to determine diagnoses potentially missed under a more restrictive, indicator-condition diagnostic strategy. We conducted a retrospective analysis of electronic health records of 97 PLWH diagnosed between April 2019 and August 2022. The main outcomes reported were patient CD4+ T cell count, known HIV risk factors at diagnosis, and missed opportunities for diagnosis, defined as the failure of a previously untested patient to undergo HIV testing despite attending previous visits to healthcare facilities prior to diagnosis...
February 26, 2024: Journal of Community Health
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yue Jia, Yaping Jiang, Xiaoqi Fan, Ya Zhang, Kun Li, Haohan Wang, Xianling Ning, Xielan Yang
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to establish a preoperative model to predict the outcome of primary debulking surgery (PDS) for advanced ovarian cancer (AOC) patients by combing Suidan predictive model with HE4, CA125, CA153 and ROMA index. METHODS: 76 AOC Patients in revised 2014 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage III-IV who underwent PDS between 2017 and 2019 from Yunnan Cancer Hospital were included. Clinical data including the levels of preoperative serum HE4, CA125, CA153 and mid-lower abdominal CT-enhanced scan results were collected...
February 23, 2024: World Journal of Surgical Oncology
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Patience Moyo, Shivani Nishar, Charlotte Merrick, Nicholas Streltzov, Emmanuella Asiedu, Corinne Roma, Rahul Vanjani, Jon Soske
IMPORTANCE: Skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) are being referred more individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD), even when their medical needs are not directly associated with OUD. OBJECTIVE: To characterize factors that influence SNF admission for individuals with OUD and identify strategies for providing medications for OUD (MOUD) in SNFs. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In this semistructured qualitative study, interviews were conducted with SNF administrators from 27 SNFs in Rhode Island from November 5, 2021, to April 27, 2022...
February 5, 2024: JAMA Network Open
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Julie H Sullivan-Detheridge, Elizabeth Reifsnider, Mesele Mengsteab, Kassaw Merie, Judit Staller, Angela M Allen
This paper examines empathetic behavior in the United States, a strongly individualistic country, as contrasted with Hungary and Ethiopia, which are moderately individualistic and strongly collectivistic respectively. It suggests that empathy may have a wider than originally perceived application in diverse settings to combat factors of ethnic bias and discrimination that adversely impact health. Models that distinctly focus on the development of healthcare provider empathic care are needed to enable the needs of resource scarce regions of the world to be met, including pockets of the U...
2024: Journal of Primary Care & Community Health
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chase J Wehrle, Roma Raj, Marianna Maspero, Sangeeta Satish, Bijan Eghtesad, Alejandro Pita, Jaekeun Kim, Mazhar Khalil, Esteban Calderon, Danny Orabi, Bobby Zervos, Jamak Modaresi Esfeh, Maureen Whitsett Linganna, Teresa Diago-Uso, Masato Fujiki, Cristiano Quintini, Choon David Kwon, Charles Miller, Antonio Pinna, Federico Aucejo, Koji Hashimoto, Andrea Schlegel
BACKGROUND: Liver transplantation (LT) is a well-established treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but there are ongoing debates regarding outcomes and selection. This study examines the experience of LT for HCC at a high-volume center. METHODS: A prospectively maintained database was used to identify HCC patients undergoing LT from 2000-2020 with>3 years follow-up. Data was obtained from the center database and electronic medical records. The Metroticket 2...
January 22, 2024: International Journal of Surgery
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrew G Kubala, Peter G Roma, Jason T Jameson, Pinata H Sessoms, Evan D Chinoy, Luis R Rosado, Trevor B Viboch, Brandon J Schrom, Hedaya N Rizeq, Prayag S Gordy, Lt Dale A Hirsch, Lcdr Adam T Biggs, Dale W Russell, Rachel R Markwald
Development of fatigue management solutions is critical to U.S. Navy populations. This study explored the operational feasibility and acceptability of commercial wearable devices (Oura Ring and ReadiBand) in a warship environment with 845 Sailors across five ship cohorts during at-sea operations ranging from 10 to 31 days. Participants were required to wear both devices and check-in daily with research staff. Both devices functioned as designed in the environment and reliably collected sleep-wake data. Over 10,000 person-days at-sea, overall prevalence of Oura and ReadiBand use was 69% and 71%, respectively...
January 13, 2024: Applied Ergonomics
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mihaela Cătălina Herghelegiu, Vlad Alexandru Pănescu, Victor Bocoș-Bințințan, Radu-Tudor Coman, Vidar Berg, Jan Ludvig Lyche, Maria Concetta Bruzzoniti, Mihail Simion Beldean-Galea
This research aims to determine five steroids and four non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in milk and egg samples collected from rural Roma communities in Transylvania, Romania. Target compounds were extracted from selected matrices by protein precipitation, followed by extract purification by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on solidification of floating organic droplets. The extraction procedure was optimized using a 24 full factorial experimental design. Good enrichment factors (87.64-122...
December 22, 2023: Molecules: a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Melinda D Smith, Kate D Wilkins, Martin C Holdrege, Peter Wilfahrt, Scott L Collins, Alan K Knapp, Osvaldo E Sala, Jeffrey S Dukes, Richard P Phillips, Laura Yahdjian, Laureano A Gherardi, Timothy Ohlert, Claus Beier, Lauchlan H Fraser, Anke Jentsch, Michael E Loik, Fernando T Maestre, Sally A Power, Qiang Yu, Andrew J Felton, Seth M Munson, Yiqi Luo, Hamed Abdoli, Mehdi Abedi, Concepción L Alados, Juan Alberti, Moshe Alon, Hui An, Brian Anacker, Maggie Anderson, Harald Auge, Seton Bachle, Khadijeh Bahalkeh, Michael Bahn, Amgaa Batbaatar, Taryn Bauerle, Karen H Beard, Kai Behn, Ilka Beil, Lucio Biancari, Irmgard Blindow, Viviana Florencia Bondaruk, Elizabeth T Borer, Edward W Bork, Carlos Martin Bruschetti, Kerry M Byrne, James F Cahill, Dianela A Calvo, Michele Carbognani, Augusto Cardoni, Cameron N Carlyle, Miguel Castillo-Garcia, Scott X Chang, Jeff Chieppa, Marcus V Cianciaruso, Ofer Cohen, Amanda L Cordeiro, Daniela F Cusack, Sven Dahlke, Pedro Daleo, Carla M D'Antonio, Lee H Dietterich, Tim S Doherty, Maren Dubbert, Anne Ebeling, Nico Eisenhauer, Felícia M Fischer, T'ai G W Forte, Tobias Gebauer, Beatriz Gozalo, Aaron C Greenville, Karlo G Guidoni-Martins, Heather J Hannusch, Siri Vatsø Haugum, Yann Hautier, Mariet Hefting, Hugh A L Henry, Daniela Hoss, Johannes Ingrisch, Oscar Iribarne, Forest Isbell, Yari Johnson, Samuel Jordan, Eugene F Kelly, Kaitlin Kimmel, Juergen Kreyling, György Kröel-Dulay, Alicia Kröpfl, Angelika Kübert, Andrew Kulmatiski, Eric G Lamb, Klaus Steenberg Larsen, Julie Larson, Jason Lawson, Cintia V Leder, Anja Linstädter, Jielin Liu, Shirong Liu, Alexandra G Lodge, Grisel Longo, Alejandro Loydi, Junwei Luan, Frederick Curtis Lubbe, Craig Macfarlane, Kathleen Mackie-Haas, Andrey V Malyshev, Adrián Maturano-Ruiz, Thomas Merchant, Daniel B Metcalfe, Akira S Mori, Edwin Mudongo, Gregory S Newman, Uffe N Nielsen, Dale Nimmo, Yujie Niu, Paola Nobre, Rory C O'Connor, Romà Ogaya, Gastón R Oñatibia, Ildikó Orbán, Brooke Osborne, Rafael Otfinowski, Meelis Pärtel, Josep Penuelas, Pablo L Peri, Guadalupe Peter, Alessandro Petraglia, Catherine Picon-Cochard, Valério D Pillar, Juan Manuel Piñeiro-Guerra, Laura W Ploughe, Robert M Plowes, Cristy Portales-Reyes, Suzanne M Prober, Yolanda Pueyo, Sasha C Reed, Euan G Ritchie, Dana Aylén Rodríguez, William E Rogers, Christiane Roscher, Ana M Sánchez, Bráulio A Santos, María Cecilia Scarfó, Eric W Seabloom, Baoku Shi, Lara Souza, Andreas Stampfli, Rachel J Standish, Marcelo Sternberg, Wei Sun, Marie Sünnemann, Michelle Tedder, Pål Thorvaldsen, Dashuan Tian, Katja Tielbörger, Alejandro Valdecantos, Liesbeth van den Brink, Vigdis Vandvik, Mathew R Vankoughnett, Liv Guri Velle, Changhui Wang, Yi Wang, Glenda M Wardle, Christiane Werner, Cunzheng Wei, Georg Wiehl, Jennifer L Williams, Amelia A Wolf, Michaela Zeiter, Fawei Zhang, Juntao Zhu, Ning Zong, Xiaoan Zuo
Climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of short-term (~1 y) drought events-the most common duration of drought-globally. Yet the impact of this intensification of drought on ecosystem functioning remains poorly resolved. This is due in part to the widely disparate approaches ecologists have employed to study drought, variation in the severity and duration of drought studied, and differences among ecosystems in vegetation, edaphic and climatic attributes that can mediate drought impacts. To overcome these problems and better identify the factors that modulate drought responses, we used a coordinated distributed experiment to quantify the impact of short-term drought on grassland and shrubland ecosystems...
January 23, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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